I-Amblyopia

I-Amblyopia kukuphulukana nokubanakho ukubona ngokucacileyo ngeliso elinye. Ikwabizwa ngokuba "liliso elonqenayo." Ngoyena nobangela uqhelekileyo weengxaki zombono ebantwaneni.

I-Amblyopia yenzeka xa indlela yemithambo-luvo esuka kwelinye iliso iye kwingqondo ayikhuli ebuntwaneni. Le ngxaki ikhula kuba iliso elingaqhelekanga lithumela umfanekiso ongalunganga kwingqondo. Le yimeko ye-strabismus (amehlo aweleyo). Kwezinye iingxaki zamehlo, umfanekiso ongalunganga uthunyelwa kwingqondo, kwaye oko kuyadida ingqondo, kwaye ingqondo inokufunda ukungawunaki umfanekiso kwiliso elibuthathaka.

I-Strabismus sesona sizathu siqhelekileyo se-amblyopia. Rhoqo kukho imbali yosapho yale meko.

Igama elithi "iliso elonqenayo" lithetha i-amblyopia, edla ngokwenzeka kunye ne-strabismus. Nangona kunjalo, i-amblyopia inokwenzeka ngaphandle kwe-strabismus. Abantu banokuba ne-strabismus ngaphandle kwe-amblyopia.

Ezinye izizathu zibandakanya:

• Ikati yobuntwana
• Ukubona kude, ukubona kude, okanye i-astigmatism, ngakumbi ukuba likhulu kwiliso elinye

Kwi-strabismus, ekuphela kwengxaki kwiliso ngokwalo kukuba likhonjwe kwicala elingalunganga. Ukuba ukungaboni kakuhle kubangelwa yingxaki yeliso, njenge-cataract, i-amblyopia isazodinga ukuba inyangwe, nokuba ususwe ngamehlo. I-Amblyopia ayinakuphuhliswa ukuba omabini amehlo anombono olinganayo.

Iimpawu zale meko zibandakanya:

• Amehlo ajika okanye aphume
• Amehlo angabonakali asebenza kunye
• Ukungakwazi ukugweba ubunzulu ngokuchanekileyo
• Ukungaboni kakuhle kwelinye iliso

Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-amblyopia inokufunyanwa ngovavanyo olupheleleyo lwamehlo. Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo alufuneki rhoqo.

Inyathelo lokuqala iya kuba kukulungisa nayiphi na imeko yamehlo ebangela ukungaboni kakuhle kwiliso le-amblyopic (njenge-cataract).

Abantwana abanephutha lokuchasana (ukubona kufutshane, ukubona kude, okanye i-astigmatism) baya kufuna iiglasi.

Emva koko, isiqwenga sibekwe kwiliso eliqhelekileyo. Oku kunyanzela ingqondo ukuba iqaphele umfanekiso ukusuka elisweni kunye ne-amblyopia. Ngamanye amaxesha, amathontsi asetyenziselwa ukuphazamisa umbono wamehlo aqhelekileyo endaweni yokubeka isiziba kuwo. Iindlela ezintsha zisebenzisa itekhnoloji yeekhompyuter, ukubonisa umfanekiso owahluke kancinane kwiliso ngalinye. Ixesha elingaphezulu, umbono phakathi kwamehlo uyalingana.

Abantwana abangaboniyo ngokupheleleyo, kwaye abo baneliso elinye elilungileyo ngenxa yayo nayiphi na ingxaki kufuneka banxibe iiglasi. Ezi glasi kufuneka zityunyuzwe-kwaye zinganyangeki.

Abantwana abafumana unyango ngaphambi kweminyaka emi-5 phantse bahlala befumana umbono osondele kwesiqhelo. Nangona kunjalo, banokuqhubeka nokuba neengxaki ngokuqonda okunzulu.

Iingxaki ezingapheliyo zembono zinokubangela ukuba unyango lulibazisekile. Abantwana baphathwa emva kweminyaka eli-10 banokulindela umbono wokufumana kuphela inxenye.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Iingxaki zemisipha yamehlo ezinokufuna utyando oluninzi
• Ukuphulukana nombono ngokusisigxina kwiliso elichaphazelekayo

Nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho wezempilo okanye ugqirha wamehlo ukuba ukrokrela ingxaki yombono kumntwana omncinci.

Ukuchonga kunye nokunyanga ingxaki kwangethuba kuthintela abantwana ekubeni babe nelahleko yokubonakala ngokusisigxina. Bonke abantwana kufuneka babe novavanyo olupheleleyo lwamehlo ubuncinci kube kanye phakathi kweminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwesi-5.

Iindlela ezizodwa zisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa umbono kumntwana omncinci kakhulu ukuba angathetha. Uninzi lweengcali zokhathalelo lwamehlo zinokwenza ezi ndlela.

Iliso elinobuvila; Ukuphulukana nombono - i-amblyopia

• Uvavanyo lwe-acuity ebonakalayo
• IiWalleyes

U-Ellis GS, uPritchard C. Amblyopia. Ku: Yanoff M, Duker JS, ii-eds. Ophthalmology. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 11.11.

IKraus CL, iSulican SM. Inkqubela phambili entsha kunyango lwe-amblyopia I: unyango lwe-binocular kunye nokwandiswa kwe-pharmacologic. B J Ophthalmol. 2018; 102 (11): 1492-1496. IINKCUKACHA: 29777043 Pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29777043/.

U-Olitsky SE, uMarsh JD. Ukuphazamiseka kombono. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 639.

Phinda u-MX. I-Amblyopia: iziseko, imibuzo, kunye nolawulo olusebenzayo. Ku: ILambert SR, iLyons CJ, ii-eds. I-Taylor kunye neHoyt's Pediatric Ophthalmology kunye neStrabismus. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 73.

IYen MY. Unyango lwe-amblyopia: umbono omtsha. ETaiwan J Ophthalmol. Ngo-2017; 7 (2): 59-61. IINKCUKACHA: 29018758 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29018758/.