Amathumba endlala yesalivary

Amathumba endlala yesalivary ziiseli ezingaqhelekanga ezikhulayo kwincindi okanye kwimibhobho (imibhobho) ekhupha amadlala amathe.

Amadlala amathe abekwe emlonyeni. Bavelisa amathe, athambisa ukutya okunceda ekuhlafunweni nasekuginyeni. Amathe ayanceda ekukhuseleni amazinyo ekonakaleni.

Zintathu izibini eziphambili zamadlala amathe. Izibilini zeparotid zikhulu kakhulu. Zibekwe esidleleni ngasinye phambi kweendlebe. Amadlala amabini e-submandibular aphantsi komgangatho womlomo phantsi kwamacala omabini omhlathi. Amadlala amabini angaphantsi komgangatho womlomo. Kukwakho namakhulu amakhulu amadlala amathe amancinci athe tyaba emlonyeni wonke. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba ziincindi zamathe ezincinci.

Amadlala angenawo amathe emlonyeni emlonyeni ngemibhobho evuleka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo emlonyeni.

Amanqatha endlala yesalivary anqabile. Ukudumba kwamadlala amathe ikakhulu ngenxa:

• Uqhaqho olukhulu lwesisu kunye nolusu
• I-Cirrhosis yesibindi
• Usulelo
• Eminye imihlaza
• Amatye e-salivary
• Usulelo lwesifo se-salivary
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni
• I-Sarcoidosis
• Isifo seSjögren

Olona hlobo luxhaphakileyo lwe-salivary gland tumor sisifo esikhula kancinci kancinci (non-cancer) esothusayo se-parotid gland. Ithumba lonyusa kancinci ubungakanani bendlala. Amanye ala mathumba anokuba ngumhlaza (amabi).

Iimpawu zinokubandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Firm, ngesiqhelo ukudumba okungenantlungu kwelinye lamadlala amathe (phambi kweendlebe, phantsi kwesilevu, okanye kumgangatho womlomo). Ukudumba ngokuthe ngcembe kuyanda.
• Ubunzima bokuhambisa icala elinye lobuso, elaziwa njenge-facial nerve palsy.

Uviwo ngumboneleli wezempilo okanye ugqirha wamazinyo lubonisa indlala enkulu kunesiqhelo, ngokufuthi enye yamadlala afanayo.

Uvavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• I-X-ray ye-salivary gland (ebizwa ngokuba yi-sialogram) ukujonga i-tumor
• I-Ultrasound, i-CT scan okanye i-MRI yokuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ukukhula, kunye nokubona ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na kwii-lymph node entanyeni.
• I-Salivary gland biopsy okanye inaliti enqwenelekayo yokuchonga ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba eli thumba alinabungozi (alunabisi) okanye libi (linomhlaza)

Ugqirha lwenziwa rhoqo ekususeni incindi yamathe echaphazelekayo. Ukuba ithumba lilungile, akukho lunye unyango olufunekayo.

Unyango lwe-radiation okanye utyando oluninzi lunokufuneka ukuba ithumba linomhlaza. I-Chemotherapy inokusetyenziswa xa isifo sinwenwele ngaphaya kwamadlala amathe.

Uninzi lwamathumba wedlala yamathe alunamhlaza kwaye lukhula kancinci. Ukususa ithumba ngotyando kuhlala kuyinyanga imeko. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ithumba linomhlaza kwaye kufuneka unyango olungaphezulu.

Iingxaki ezivela kumhlaza okanye kunyango zinokubandakanya:

• Ukusasazeka komhlaza kwamanye amalungu (i-metastasis).
• Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ukwenzakala ngexesha lotyando kwimithambo-luvo elawula intshukumo yobuso.

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba unazo ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Intlungu xa usitya okanye uhlafuna
• Uqaphela iqhuma emlonyeni, phantsi komhlathi, okanye entanyeni engahambiyo kwiiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 okanye ekhulayo

Ithumba - umgudu wamathe

• Intloko kunye nentamo

UJackson NM, uMitchell JL, uWalvekar RR. Ukuphazamiseka kokudumba kwamadlala amathe. Ku: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, ii-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Utyando lweNtloko kunye neNtamo. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahl 85.

UMarkiewicz MR, uFernandes RP, Ord RA. Isifo se-salivary gland. Ku: Fonseca RJ, ed. Utyando lomlomo kunye neMaxillofacial. Ngomhla wesi-3. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 20.

Kwiwebhusayithi yeZiko loMhlaza weSizwe. Unyango lomhlaza wedlala yesalivary (yabantu abadala) (PDQ) -uhlobo lobungcali kwezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/hp/adult/salivary-gland- unyango-pdq. Ukuhlaziywa ngoDisemba 17, 2019. Ifikeleleke ngo-Matshi 31, 2020.

USaade RE, uBell DM, uHanna EY. Iimpawu zeBenign zeengqungquthela ze-salivary. Ku: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, ii-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Utyando lweNtloko kunye neNtamo. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 86.