Ithumba eliphakathi

Amathumba angaphakathi kukukhula okuvela kwi-mediastinum. Le yindawo embindini wesifuba eyahlula imiphunga.

I-mediastinum yinxalenye yesifuba esilala phakathi kwe-sternum kunye nomqolo womqolo, naphakathi kwemiphunga. Lo mmandla uqulethe intliziyo, imilambo emikhulu yegazi, i-windpipe (i-trachea), i-thymus gland, i-esophagus, kunye nezicubu ezinxibelelanayo. I-mediastinum yahlulwe yangamacandelo amathathu:

• Ngaphambili (ngaphambili)
• Phakathi
• Ngasemva (ngasemva)

Amathumba aphakathi anqabile.

Indawo eqhelekileyo yamathumba kwi-mediastinum ixhomekeke kubudala bomntu. Kubantwana, amathumba aqheleke kakhulu kwi-posterior mediastinum. Ezi tumors zihlala ziqala kwimithambo-luvo kwaye azinomdlavuza (ezinobungozi).

Uninzi lwamathumba angaphakathi kubantu abadala avela kwindawo yangaphakathi ye-mediastinum. Bahlala benomhlaza (onobungozi) wee-lymphomas, iiseli zentsholongwane, okanye i-thymomas. Ezi zivumba zixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala kunye nabadala.

Phantse isiqingatha samathumba angaphakathi awabangeli zimpawu kwaye afunyanwa kwisifuba i-x-reyi eyenzelwe esinye isizathu. Iimpawu ezenzekayo zibangelwa luxinzelelo (kuxinzelelo) lwezakhiwo zasekhaya kwaye zinokubandakanya:

• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Umkhuhlane kunye nokubanda
• Khohlela
• Ukukhohlela igazi (hemoptysis)
• Ukurhabaxa
• Ukubila ebusuku
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo

Imbali yezonyango kunye novavanyo lomzimba lunokubonisa:

• Ifiva
• Isandi sokuphefumla esiphakamileyo (stridor)
• Ukuvuvukala okanye i-lymph nodes (i-lymphadenopathy)
• Ukuphulukana nobunzima ngabom
• Ukukhawuleza

Olunye uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-biopsy ekhokelwa yi-CT
• Ukuxilongwa kwe-CT kwesifuba
• I-Mediastinoscopy kunye ne-biopsy
• I-MRI yesifuba

Unyango lwethumba eliphakathi lixhomekeke kuhlobo lwethumba kunye neempawu:

• Umhlaza womzimba uphathwa ngotyando. Inokulandelwa yimitha okanye i-chemotherapy, kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lesisu kunye nokuphumelela kotyando.
• Izidumba zeseli zeGerm zihlala ziphathwa ngekhemotherapy.
• Kwii-lymphomas, i-chemotherapy lunyango lokhetho, kwaye inokuthi ilandelwe yimitha.
• Kwizicubu ze-neurogenic ze-posterior mediastinum, utyando lolona nyango luphambili.

Isiphumo sixhomekeke kuhlobo lwethumba. Amathumba ahlukeneyo aphendula ngokwahlukileyo kwi-chemotherapy kunye ne-radiation.

Iingxaki zamathumba angaphakathi zibandakanya:

• Ukucinezelwa kwentambo yomqolo
• Ukusasaza kwizakhiwo ezikufutshane njengentliziyo, ukujikeleza intliziyo (pericardium), kunye neenqanawa ezinkulu (aorta kunye ne vena cava)

Imitha, utyando, kunye nekhemotherapy zonke zinokuba neengxaki ezinzulu.

Nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba ubona iimpawu zesisu sangaphakathi.

I-Thymoma - yangaphakathi; I-Lymphoma - iphakathi

• Amaphaphu

ICheng GS, iVarghese TK, iPaki yeDR. Amathumba aphakathi kunye nee-cysts. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, ii-eds. Incwadi kaMurray kunye neNadel yeyeza lokuphefumla. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; I-2016: isahluko 83.

UMcCool FD. Izifo zediaphragm, udonga lwesifuba, i-pleura, kunye ne-mediastinum. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 92.