Inqanaba eliphezulu le potassium

Inqanaba le potassium ephezulu yingxaki apho isixa se potassium egazini siphezulu kunesiqhelo. Igama lonyango lale meko yi-hyperkalemia.

I-Potassium iyafuneka ukuze iiseli zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Ufumana i-potassium ngokutya. Izintso zisusa i-potassium engaphezulu komchamo ukugcina ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo lwale minerali emzimbeni.

Ukuba izintso zakho azisebenzi kakuhle, zisenokungakwazi ukususa isixa esifanelekileyo se potassium. Ngenxa yoko, i-potassium inokwakha egazini. Olu lwakhiwo lunokubakho ngenxa:

• Isifo iAddison - Isifo apho iincindi zamadlala zingenzi ngokwaneleyo iihormoni, zinciphisa amandla wezintso okususa i-potassium emzimbeni
• Ukutsha kwiindawo ezinkulu zomzimba
• Olunye uxinzelelo lwegazi olwehlisa iziyobisi, uninzi lwee-angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors kunye ne-angiotensin receptor blockers
• Ukonakala kwezihlunu kunye nezinye iiseli ezivela kwiziyobisi ezithile zasesitalatweni, ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kotywala, ukuxhuzulwa okunganyangwa, uqhaqho, ukonzakalisa ukwenzakala kunye nokuwa, unyango oluthile lwemichiza, okanye usulelo oluthile
• Ukuphazamiseka okubangela ukuba iiseli zegazi ziqhume (i-hemolytic anemia)
• Ukopha ngamandla esiswini okanye emathunjini
• Ukuthatha i-potassium eyongezelelweyo, enje ngeendawo zetyuwa okanye izongezo
• Amathumba

Rhoqo akukho zimpawu zinenqanaba eliphezulu le potassium. Xa iimpawu zenzeka, zingabandakanya:

• Isihlunu okanye ukugabha
• Kunzima ukuphefumla
  
• Ukucotha, ukubuthathaka, okanye ukubetha okungaqhelekanga
• Iintlungu zesifuba
  
• Iipalpitations
  
• Ukuwa ngesiquphe, xa ukubetha kwentliziyo kuhamba kancinci okanye kuyeke

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga neempawu zakho.

Uvavanyo olunoku-odolwa lubandakanya:

• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG)
• Inqanaba le potassium yegazi

Umboneleli wakho uya kujonga inqanaba lakho le-potassium yegazi kwaye enze uvavanyo lwegazi kwizintso rhoqo ukuba:

• Unikwe i-potassium eyongezelelweyo
• Unesifo sezintso sexesha elide (esingapheliyo)
• Thatha amayeza ukunyanga isifo sentliziyo okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi
• Sebenzisa izitshizi zetyuwa

Uya kudinga unyango olungxamisekileyo ukuba inqanaba lakho le-potassium liphezulu kakhulu, okanye ukuba uneempawu eziyingozi, ezinje ngotshintsho kwi-ECG yakho.

Unyango olungxamisekileyo lunokubandakanya:

• Ikhalsiyam inikwe imithambo yakho (IV) ukunyanga izihlunu kunye neziphumo zentliziyo yamanqanaba aphezulu e-potassium
• Iswekile kunye ne-insulin enikezwe kwimithambo yakho (IV) ukunceda ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-potassium ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo ukulungisa unobangela
• I-dialysis yezintso ukuba umsebenzi wakho wezintso uhlwempu
• Amayeza anceda ukususa i-potassium emathunjini ngaphambi kokuba ifunxwe
• Isodium bicarbonate ukuba ingxaki ibangelwa yiasosisosis
• Ezinye iipilisi zamanzi (i-diuretics) ezonyusa ukuphuma kwe-potassium zizintso zakho

Utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo lunokunceda ekuthinteleni nasekunyangeni amanqanaba aphezulu e-potassium. Unokucelwa ukuba:

• Nciphisa okanye unqande i-asparagus, iavokhado, iitapile, iitumato okanye isosi yetumato, isikwashi sasebusika, ithanga kunye nesipinatshi esiphekiweyo
• Nciphisa okanye unqande iiorenji kunye nejusi yeorenji, ii-nectarines, i-kiwifruit, iidiliya, okanye ezinye iziqhamo ezomisiweyo, iibhanana, i-cantaloupe, i-honeydew, i-prunes kunye ne-nectarines
• Nciphisa okanye unqande ukuthatha indawo yetyuwa xa uceliwe ukuba ulandele ukutya okunetyuwa encinci

Umboneleli wakho angenza olu tshintsho lulandelayo kumayeza akho:

• Ukunciphisa okanye ukuyeka izongezo zepotassium
• Yeka okanye utshintshe idosi yamayeza owathathayo, anje ngesifo sentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi
• Thatha uhlobo oluthile lwepilisi yamanzi ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-potassium kunye nolwelo ukuba unesifo esinganyangekiyo sezintso

Landela umkhombandlela womboneleli wakho xa usela amayeza akho:

• SUKUYEKE okanye uqale ukuthatha amayeza ngaphandle kokuqala uthethe nomboneleli wakho
• Thatha amayeza akho ngexesha
• Xelela umboneleli wakho ngamanye amayeza, iivithamini, okanye izongezo ozithathayo

Ukuba unobangela uyaziwa, njenge-potassium eninzi ekudleni, imbonakalo ilungile nje ukuba ingxaki ilungisiwe. Kwiimeko ezinzima okanye ezo zinobungozi obuqhubekayo, i-potassium ephezulu inokuphinda ibuye.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Intliziyo ngequbuliso iyeka ukubetha (ukubanjwa kwentliziyo)
• Ubuthathaka
• Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso

Fowunela umboneleli wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba uyagabha, ukubetha kwentliziyo, ubuthathaka, okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye ukuba uthatha isongezo se potassium kwaye uneempawu ze-potassium ephezulu.

Hyperkalemia; Potassium - phezulu; I-potassium yegazi ephezulu

• Uvavanyo lwegazi

Intaba DB. Ukuphazamiseka kwemali eseleyo ye potassium. Ku: Skorecki K, Chertow GM, Marsden PA, Taal MW, Yu ASL, ii-eds. Brenner kunye noMphathi weZintso. Ngomhla we-10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahl 18.

Seifter JL. Iingxaki zePotassium. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 109.