I-Cryptococcosis

I-Cryptococcosis yintsholongwane kunye nefungi I-Cryptococcus neoformans kwaye I-Cryptococcus gattii.

C Neoformans kwaye C gattii Ngumngundo obangela esi sifo. Usulelo kunye C Neoformans ibonwa kwihlabathi liphela. Usulelo kunye C gattii ibonakele ikakhulu kummandla wePacific Northwest eUnited States, eBritish Columbia eCanada, kuMazantsi mpuma eAsia naseOstreliya. I-Cryptococcus yeyona fungus ixhaphakileyo ebangela usuleleko olomeleleyo kwihlabathi liphela.

Zombini ezi ntlobo zomngundo ziyafumaneka emhlabeni. Ukuba uphefumla i-fungus kuyo, ichaphazela imiphunga yakho. Usulelo lunokuhamba lodwa, luhlale emiphungeni kuphela, okanye lusasazeke emzimbeni wonke (lusasazeke). C Neoformans Usulelo luhlala lubonwa kubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka, njengale:

• Basulelwe yi-HIV / AIDS
• Thatha iidosi eziphezulu zamayeza e-corticosteroid
• Umhlaza
• Ngaba kumayeza e-chemotherapy omhlaza
• Ngaba unesifo seHodgkin
• Ndikhe ndafakelwa ilungu

C gattii inokuchaphazela abantu abanamajoni omzimba aqhelekileyo.

C Neoformans sesona sisongelo sobomi sosulelo lobushushu kubantu abanentsholongwane kagawulayo nogawulayo.

Abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kuma-40 ubudala banolu suleleko.

Usulelo lunokusasazeka kwingqondo kubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka. Iimpawu ze-Neurological (brain) ziqala kancinci. Uninzi lwabantu ludumba kunye nokucaphuka kwengqondo kunye nentambo yomqolo xa kufunyaniswa. Iimpawu zosulelo kwengqondo zinokubandakanya:

• Umkhuhlane nentloko
• Ukuqina kweNeck
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• Umbono ongacacanga okanye umbono ophindwe kabini
• Ukudideka

Usulelo lunokuchaphazela nemiphunga kunye namanye amalungu. Iimpawu zemiphunga zingabandakanya:

• Kunzima ukuphefumla
• Khohlela
• Iintlungu zesifuba

Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Intlungu yethambo okanye ukuthamba kwethambo lesifuba
• Ukudinwa
• Ukukhawuleza kwesikhumba, kubandakanywa amabala abomvu (i-petechiae), izilonda, okanye ezinye izilonda zesikhumba
• Ukubila - okungaqhelekanga, ebusuku kakhulu
• Amadlala adumbileyo
• Ukuphulukana nobunzima ngabom

Abantu abanamajoni omzimba asempilweni banokungabi nazimpawu kwaphela.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga neempawu kunye nembali yokuhamba. Uvavanyo lomzimba lunokubonisa:

• Ukuphefumla okungaqhelekanga kuyavakala
• Ukukhawuleza kwentliziyo
• Ifiva
• Ukutshintsha kwemeko yengqondo
• Intamo elukhuni

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• Inkcubeko yegazi ukwahlula phakathi kwezi fungi zimbini
• Ukuvavanywa kwentloko kwe-CT
• Inkcubeko yesikhohlela nebala
• I-biopsy yemiphunga
• I-Bronchoscopy kunye ne-bronchoalveolar lavage
• Impompo yomqolo ukufumana isampulu ye-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
• Inkcubeko yeCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) kunye nolunye uvavanyo lokujonga iimpawu zosulelo
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Uvavanyo lwe-antigen ye-Cryptococcal (ujonga imolekyuli ethile ephalaza eludongeni lweseli ye I-Cryptococcus fungus egazini okanye kwi-CSF)

Amayeza omngundo amiselwe abantu abosulelekileyo nge-cryptococcus.

Amayeza afaka:

• I-Amphotericin B (inokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi)
• Iflucytosine
• IFluconazole

Ukubandakanyeka kwenkqubo ye-nervous system kuhlala kubangela ukufa okanye kukhokelela kumonakalo osisigxina.

Biza umnikezeli wakho ukuba uhlakulela iimpawu ze-cryptococcosis, ngakumbi ukuba unesifo somzimba esibuthathaka.

C. neoformans var. usulelo lwe-neoformans; C. neoformans var. usulelo lwe-gatti; C. neoformans var. usulelo lwe-grubii

• I-Cryptococcus - cutaneous esandleni
• I-Cryptococcosis ebunzini
• Ngundo

IKauffman CA, i-Chen SC-A. I-Cryptococcosis. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl 317.

I-JR egqibeleleyo. I-Cryptococcosis (I-Cryptococcus neoformans kunye ne-Cryptococcus gattii). Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kunye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 262.

URobles WS, u-Ameen M.I-Cryptococcosis. Ku: Lebwohl MG, Heymann WR, Berth-Jones J, Coulson IH, ii-eds. Unyango lwezifo zolusu: Amacandelo oBuchule oNyango. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 49.