Ukuzibulala nokuziphatha ngokuzibulala

Ukuzibulala sisenzo sokuthatha ubomi bomntu ngenjongo. Ukuziphatha ngokuzibulala nakweyiphi na into enokubangela ukuba umntu asweleke, njengokuthatha iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo okanye ukutshayisa imoto ngenjongo.

Ukuziphatha ngokuzibulala kunye neendlela zokuzibulala zihlala zenzeka kubantu abanezinye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo:

• Ukuxhuzula
• Ukuphazamiseka kubuntu obunemida
• Uxinzelelo
• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okanye utywala
• Uxinzelelo lwasemva koxinzelelo lwasemva (PTSD)
• Ischizophrenia
• Imbali yokuxhatshazwa ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwesondo, okanye ngokweemvakalelo
  
• Imiba yoxinzelelo yobomi, enje ngengxaki yemali okanye ubudlelwane

Abantu abazama ukuthatha ubomi babo bahlala bezama ukuphuma kwimeko ebonakala ngathi ayinakukwazi ukujongana nayo. Uninzi oluzama ukuzibulala lufuna ukukhululeka:

• Uziva uneentloni, unetyala, okanye njengomthwalo kwabanye
• Ndiziva ngathi ndilixhoba
• Ukuziva ulahliwe, ulahlekile, okanye ulilolo

Ukuziphatha kokuzibulala kunokwenzeka xa kukho imeko okanye isiganeko umntu asifumeneyo, njenge:

• Ukwaluphala (abantu abadala banelona zinga liphezulu lokuzibulala)
• Ukufa komntu omthandayo
• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okanye utywala
• Umvandedwa ngokweemvakalelo
• Ukugula emzimbeni okanye iintlungu
• Ukungaqeshwa okanye iingxaki zemali

Imiba yomngcipheko wokuzibulala kulutsha ibandakanya:

• Ukufikelela kwimipu
• Ilungu losapho eligqibe ukuzibulala
• Imbali yokuzilimaza ngenjongo
• Imbali yokungahoywa okanye ukuxhatshazwa
• Ukuhlala kwimimandla apho kuye kwakho ukuqhekeka kokuzibulala kwabantu abatsha
• Ukwahlukana kwezothando

Ngelixa amadoda enamathuba okufa ngokuzibulala, abafazi baphindwe kabini ukuzama ukuzibulala.

Uninzi lweenzame zokuzibulala alukhokeleli ekufeni. Uninzi lwezi nzame lwenziwa ngendlela eyenza ukuba ukuhlangulwa kwenzeke. Ezi nzame zihlala zikhalela uncedo.

Abanye abantu bazama ukuzibulala ngendlela engafane ibabulale, njengetyhefu okanye ukugqithisa. Amadoda kunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba akhethe iindlela ezinobundlobongela, ezinjengokuzidubula. Ngenxa yoko, iinzame zokuzibulala zamadoda zinokubangela ukufa.

Izihlobo zabantu abazama ukuzibulala bahlala bezibek 'ityala okanye babe nomsindo. Banokubona ukuzama ukuzibulala njengokuzingca. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abazama ukuzibulala bahlala bekholelwa ngempazamo ukuba benza abahlobo babo kunye nezihlobo ngokuzikhupha ehlabathini.

Rhoqo, kodwa hayi rhoqo, umntu unokubonisa iimpawu ezithile kunye nokuziphatha ngaphambi kokuzama ukuzibulala, ezinje:

• Unengxaki yokugxila okanye ukucinga ngokucacileyo
• Ukunikezela ngezinto
• Ukuthetha ngokuhamba okanye isidingo 'sokulungisa imicimbi yam'
• Ukutshintsha ngesiquphe kokuziphatha, ngakumbi ukuzola emva kwexesha loxinzelelo
• Ukuphulukana nomdla kwimisebenzi ababeyonwabela
• Ukuziphatha okuzibhubhisayo, njengokusela kakhulu utywala, ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni, okanye ukusika imizimba yabo
• Ukutsala kude nabahlobo okanye ukungafuni ukuphuma
• Ngequbuliso unengxaki esikolweni okanye emsebenzini
• Ukuthetha ngokufa okanye ukuzibulala, okanye besithi bafuna ukuzenzakalisa
• Ukuthetha ngokuziva ungenathemba okanye unetyala
• Ukutshintsha ukulala okanye ukutya
• Ukulungiselela iindlela zokuthatha ubomi babo (njengokuthenga umpu okanye iipilisi ezininzi)

Abantu abasemngciphekweni wokuzibulala abanako ukufuna unyango ngezizathu ezininzi, kubandakanya:

• Bakholelwa ukuba akukho nto iya kunceda
• Abafuni kuxelela mntu ukuba baneengxaki
• Bacinga ukuba ukucela uncedo luphawu lobuthathaka
• Abazi ukuba bangalufumana phi uncedo
• Bakholelwa ukuba abo babathandayo bangangcono ngaphandle kwabo

Umntu unokufuna unyango olungxamisekileyo emva kokuzama ukuzibulala. Basenokufuna uncedo lokuqala, i-CPR, okanye unyango olunzulu ngakumbi.

Abantu abazama ukuthatha ubomi babo banokufuna ukuhlala esibhedlele ukuze bafumane unyango kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wamalinge exesha elizayo. Unyango yenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo kunyango.

Nakuphi na ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okunokuthi kukhokelele kwilinge lokuzibulala kufuneka kuvavanywe kwaye kunyangwe. Oku kubandakanya:

• Ukuxhuzula
• Ukuphazamiseka kubuntu obunemida
• Ukuxhomekeka kwiziyobisi okanye kotywala
• Uxinzelelo olukhulu
• Ischizophrenia
• Uxinzelelo lwasemva koxinzelelo lwasemva (PTSD)
  

Soloko uthatha inzame zokuzibulala kunye nosongelo ngokungathí sina. Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ucinga ngokuzibulala, ungatsalela umnxeba iNational Suicide Prevention Lifeline kwa-1-800-273-8255 (1-800-273-TALK), apho unokufumana inkxaso yasimahla neyimfihlo nanini na emini okanye ebusuku.

Tsalela u-911 okanye inombolo yongxamiseko yalapho kwangoko ukuba umntu omaziyo uzama ukuzibulala. SUKUmshiya yedwa lo mntu, kwanasemva kokuba umcele uncedo.

Malunga nesinye kwisithathu sabantu abazama ukuzibulala baya kuzama kwakhona kwisithuba sonyaka omnye. Malunga ne-10% yabantu abenza izoyikiso okanye abazama ukuthatha ubomi babo bazokuzibulala.

Tsalela umnxeba ukhathalelo lwempilo ngoko nangoko ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uneengcinga zokuzibulala. Umntu ufuna ukhathalelo lwempilo yengqondo kwangoko. MUSA ukumgxotha lo mntu kuba efuna nje ukufumana ingqalelo.

Ukuphepha utywala neziyobisi (ngaphandle kwamayeza amiselweyo) kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuzibulala.

Kumakhaya anabantwana okanye abafikisayo:

• Gcina onke amayeza kagqirha phezulu kwaye utshixiwe.
• Musa ukugcina utywala ekhaya, okanye ubugcine buvaliwe.
• Sukugcina imipu ekhaya. Ukuba ugcina imipu ekhaya, yitshixe kwaye ugcine iimbumbulu ezohlukeneyo.

Kubantu abadala abadala, gqogqa iimvakalelo zokuphelelwa lithemba, ukuba ngumthwalo, kwaye ungabi ngowakho.

Uninzi lwabantu abazama ukuthatha ubomi babo bathetha ngalo ngaphambi kokwenza iinzame. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuthetha nje nomntu okhathalayo nongabagwebiyo kwanele ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuzibulala.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ungumhlobo, ilungu losapho, okanye wazi umntu ocinga ukuba angazama ukuzibulala, ungaze uzame ukulawula ingxaki ngokwakho. Funa uncedo. Amaziko othintelo lokuzibulala aneenkonzo zefowuni "zefowuni".

Ungaze utyeshele isoyikiso sokuzibulala okanye uzame ukuzibulala.

Uxinzelelo - ukuzibulala; IBipolar - ukuzibulala

• Uxinzelelo ebantwaneni
• Uxinzelelo phakathi kwabantu abadala

Umbutho weAmerican Psychiatric Association iwebhusayithi. Unyango woNyango kunye neNgcaciso yeNcwadi yokuPhazamiseka kwengqondo. Umhla we-5. IArlington, VA: Ukupapashwa kwengqondo yaseMelika. Ngo-2013.

UBrendel RW, uBrezing CA, uLagomasino IT, uPerlis RH, uStern TA. Isigulana esifuna ukuzibulala. Ku: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, ii-eds. Isibhedlele saseMassachusetts Jikelele esiBanzi seNyango yoNyango. Ngomhla wesi-2. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 53.

UDeMaso DR, uWalter HJ. Ukuzibulala nokuzama ukuzibulala. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum, NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 40.