Ukuhlanganiswa kwamathambo endlebe

Ukuhlanganiswa kwamathambo endlebe kukudityaniswa kwamathambo endlebe ephakathi. Ezi zi-incus, malleus, kunye neethambo zamathambo. Ukuhlanganiswa okanye ukulungiswa kwamathambo kukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kwindlebe, kuba amathambo awahambi kwaye angcangcazela ekuphenduleni kumaza esandi.

Izihloko ezihambelanayo zibandakanya:

• Usulelo lwendlebe olungapheliyo
• I-Otosclerosis
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwendlebe ephakathi

• I-anatomy yendlebe
• Iziphumo zonyango ezijongwa kwi-anatomy yendlebe

Indlu yeJW, iCunningham CD. I-Otosclerosis. Ku: IFlint PW, uFrancis HW, uHaughey BH, et al, ii-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Utyando lweNtloko kunye neNtamo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 146.

O'Handley JG, Tobin EJ, Shah AR. Otorhinolaryngology. Ku: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, ii-eds. Incwadi yesikhokelo samayeza osapho. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahl 18.

IPrueter JC, Teasley RA, DD ebuyayo. Uvavanyo lwezonyango kunye nonyango lotyando lokulahleka kokuva. Ku: IFlint PW, uFrancis HW, uHaughey BH, et al, ii-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Utyando lweNtloko kunye neNtamo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahl. 145.

Umlambo A, Yoshikawa N. Otosclerosis. Ku: Myers EN, Snyderman CH, ii-eds. Umsebenzi weNtloko yeOtolaryngology kunye nokuhlinzwa kotyando. Ngomhla wesi-3. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 133.