Ulawulo lokuzalwa kunye nocwangciso losapho

Ukhetho lwakho lwendlela yolawulo lokuzalwa luxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya impilo yakho, ukuba ulala kaninzi kangakanani, nokuba uyafuna okanye awubafuni abantwana.

Nantsi eminye imibuzo ekufuneka uyiqwalasele xa ukhetha indlela yolawulo lokuzalwa:

• Ngaba le ndlela ikuthintela njani ukukhulelwa? Ukuxela indlela esebenza ngayo le ndlela, jonga inani lokukhulelwa kwabasetyhini abali-100 basebenzisa loo ndlela kwisithuba sonyaka omnye.
• Zithini iimvakalelo zakho malunga nokukhulelwa? Ngaba ukukhulelwa okungacetywanga kungadala ubunzima okanye uxinzelelo emfazini okanye kwiqabane lakhe? Okanye ngaba ukukhulelwa kuya kwamkelwa ukuba kwenzeke ngaphambi kwexesha ebelicwangcisiwe?
• Ixabisa malini indlela yolawulo lokuzalwa? Ngaba isicwangciso sakho seinshurensi siyayihlawula?
• Ziziphi iingozi zempilo? Thetha malunga nale mngcipheko kunye nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokukholelwa oko uva kwabanye.
• Ngaba iqabane lakho likulungele ukwamkela kwaye lisebenzise indlela enikiweyo yolawulo lokuzalwa?
• Ngaba ufuna indlela ekufuneka uyisebenzise kuphela xa usabelana ngesondo? Okanye ngaba ufuna into ekhoyo kwaye ihlala isebenza?
• Ngaba kubalulekile ukuthintela ukusasazeka ngokudibana ngokwesondo? Iindlela ezininzi azikukhuseli kwizifo ezidluliselwa ngeentlobano zesini. Iikhondom lolona khetho lufanelekileyo lokuthintela ii-STI. Zisebenza kakuhle xa zidityaniswe ne-spermicides.
• Ukufumaneka: Ngaba le ndlela inokusetyenziswa ngaphandle kokuyalelwa, ukutyelelwa ngumboneleli, okanye, kwimeko yabantwana, imvume yabazali?

IINDLELA ZOKUTHUTHA ULAWULO LOKUZALWA

Iikhondomu:

• Ikhondomu yirhasi ecolekileyo okanye ingubo yentsimbi. Ikhondom yamadoda ibekwe ijikeleze ilungu lobudoda elimi nkqo. Ikhondom yabasetyhini ibekwa ngaphakathi kwilungu lobufazi ngaphambi kokulala.
• Ikhondom mayinxitywe ngamaxesha onke xa nisabelana ngesondo ukunqanda ukumitha.
• Iikhondom zinokuthengwa kwiivenkile ezininzi nakwiivenkile zokutya. Ezinye iikliniki zocwangciso-ntsapho zibonelela ngeekhondom simahla. Awudingi ngugqirha ukuze ufumane iikhondom.

Umzobo kunye ne-CAP CERVICAL CAP:

• I-diaphragm yindebe yerabha eguqukayo ezaliswe nge-spermicidal cream okanye ijeli.
• Ibekwe kwilungu lobufazi ngaphezulu komlomo wesibeleko ngaphambi kokulalana, ukuthintela isidoda ukuba singafikeleli esibelekweni.
• Kuya kufuneka ishiywe endaweni kangangeeyure ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8 emva kokulalana.
• Iidayaphragms kufuneka zichazwe ngumboneleli wabasetyhini. Umboneleli uya kugqiba uhlobo oluchanekileyo kunye nobukhulu besithsaba somfazi.
• Malunga nokukhulelwa okungama-5 ukuya kuma-20 kwenzeka ngaphezulu konyaka omnye kwabasetyhini abali-100 basebenzisa le ndlela, kuxhomekeke kusetyenziso olufanelekileyo.
• Isixhobo esifanayo, esincinci sibizwa ngokuba yintloko yomlomo wesibeleko.
• Iingozi zibandakanya ukucaphuka kunye neempendulo ezichaseneyo kwi-diaphragm okanye i-spermicide, kunye nokunyuka kwamaxesha okusuleleka kwintsholongwane kunye nokusuleleka kwintsholongwane. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, isifo sokuhlaselwa sisifo esinetyhefu sinokukhula kubafazi abashiya uvalo ixesha elide. Intsimbi yomlomo wesibeleko inokubangela uvavanyo lwePap olungaqhelekanga.

Isiponji Yobufazi:

• Iziponji zokuthintela ukukhulelwa kwelungu lobufazi zithambile, kwaye zinekhemikhali ebulala okanye "ekhubaza" isidoda.
• Isiponji sifumile kwaye sifakwa kwilungu lobufazi, ukugquma umlomo wesibeleko ngaphambi kokwabelana ngesondo.
• Isiponji sangasese sinokuthengwa kwikhemesti yakho ngaphandle kommiselo.

IINDLELA ZOKUSEBENZA NGOKUQHELEKILEYO

Ezinye iindlela zolawulo lokuzalwa zisebenzisa iihomoni.Baya kuba ne-estrogen kunye neprogestin, okanye iprogestin yodwa. Ufuna amayeza ngeendlela ezininzi zolawulo lokuzalwa kwehomoni.

• Zombini iihormoni zithintela i-ovary yowasetyhini ekukhuliseni iqanda ngexesha lomjikelo wakhe. Benza oku ngokuchaphazela amanqanaba ezinye iihomoni ezenziwe ngumzimba.
• Iiprogestins zinceda ukuthintela isidoda ekwenzeni indlela yaso eqandeni ngokwenza i-mucus ejikeleze umlomo wesibeleko sowasetyhini kwaye uqineke.

Iindidi zeendlela zolawulo lokuzalwa kwehomoni zibandakanya:

• Iipilisi zolawulo lokuzalwa: Ezi zinokuqulatha zombini i-estrogen kunye neprogestin, okanye iprogestin kuphela.
• Izinto ezifakwayo: Ezi ziintonga ezincinci ezifakwe phantsi kolusu. Bakhupha idosi eqhubekayo yehomoni ukuthintela ukuphuma kweqanda.
• Inaliti yeprogestin, enje ngeDepo-Provera, enikwa izihlunu zengalo ephezulu okanye iimpundu kanye kwiinyanga ezintathu.
• Isikhumba, njenge-Ortho Evra, sibekwe egxalabeni, ezinqeni, okanye kwenye indawo emzimbeni. Ikhupha idosi eqhubekayo yamahomoni.
• Isangqa selungu lobufazi, njengeNuvaRing, sisangqa esiguqukayo esimalunga neesentimitha ezi-5 ububanzi. Ibekwe kwilungu lobufazi. Ikhupha iihormone progestin kunye ne-estrogen.
• Izinto ezingxamisekileyo (okanye "kusasa emva") kokuthintela ukukhulelwa: Eli yeza linokuthengwa ngaphandle kokuyalelwa kwivenkile yakho.

IUD (ISICWANGCISO SESITOLO):

• IUD sisixhobo esincinci seplastiki okanye sobhedu esibekwe ngaphakathi kwesibeleko sowasetyhini ngumboneleli waso. Ezinye ii-IUD zikhupha intwana yeprogestin. Ii-IUDs zinokushiywa endaweni yazo iminyaka emi-3 ukuya kweli-10, kuxhomekeke kwisixhobo esisetyenzisiweyo.
• IUDs zinokubekwa phantse ngalo naliphi na ixesha.
• Ii-IUD zikhuselekile kwaye zisebenza kakuhle. Ngaphantsi kwe-1 kwabasetyhini abayi-100 ngonyaka baya kukhulelwa besebenzisa i-IUD.
• Ii-IUDs ezikhupha iprogestin inokuba yeyokunyanga ukuphuma kwegazi okunzima kunye nokunciphisa iicramps. Banokubangela ukuba amaxesha ayeke ngokupheleleyo.
  

IINDLELA ZOKUGQIBELA ZOLAWULO LOKUZALWA

Ezi ndlela zilungele amadoda, abasetyhini, kunye nabantu abatshatileyo abavakalelwa kukuba abafuni kuba nabantwana kwixa elizayo. Babandakanya i-vasectomy kunye ne-tubal ligation. Ezi nkqubo ngamanye amaxesha zinokubuyiselwa umva ukuba ukukhulelwa kunqwenelwa kamva. Nangona kunjalo, inqanaba lempumelelo ekubuyiseleni phezulu aliphezulu.

IINDLELA ZOLAWULO LOKUZALWA EZINGASEBENZI KAKUHLE

• Ukurhoxiswa kwelungu lobudoda kwilungu lobufazi ngaphambi kokuchama kusenokubangela ukukhulelwa. Amanye amadlozi ahlala ephuncuka ngaphambi kokurhoxa ngokupheleleyo. Kunokwanela ukubangela ukukhulelwa.
• Ukuchopha ngokukhawuleza emva kwesondo akunakulunga kusebenze. Isidoda sinokudlula kumlomo wesibeleko ngaphakathi kwemizuzwana engama-90. Ukuhlala kwindawo yokuhlala akukaze kucetyiswe kuba kunokubangela usulelo esibelekweni nakwimibhobho.
• Ukuncelisa: Ngaphandle kweentsomi, abasetyhini abancancisayo banokukhulelwa.

Ukuthintela ukukhulelwa; Ucwangciso-ntsapho nokuthintela ukukhulelwa; Coitus ukuphazamisa

• Ikepusi yomlomo wesibeleko
• Uvalo
• Ikhondom yabasetyhini
• Isixhobo sangaphakathi
• Icandelo elisecaleni kwenkqubo yokuzala yabasetyhini
• Ikhondom yamadoda
• Izinto zokucwangcisa ezisekwe kwiHormone
• Ityhubhu yokubopha
• Isangqa sangasese
• Iindlela ezithintelayo zolawulo lokuzalwa-uthotho
• Ngaphambi nasemva kwe-vasectomy
• Tubal ligation-Uthotho
• Ipilisi yolawulo lokuzalwa-uthotho

Ikholeji yaseMelika yoNyango kunye neeGynecologists. I-ACOG yokuziqhelanisa neBhulethinombolo engu-206: Ukusetyenziswa kokuthintela ukukhulelwa kwehomoni kubafazi abanezimo zonyango ezihlala kunye. IGynecol ebambekayo. Ngo-2019; 133 (2): 396-399. IINKCUKACHA: 30681537 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30681537/.

IKomiti yoKhathalelo lweMpilo yaBafikisayo. Uluvo lweKomiti No699: Ukukhulelwa kwabakwishumi elivisayo, ukukhulelwa, kunye nokwabelana ngesondo. IGynecol ebambekayo. Ngo-2017; 129 (5): e142-e149. IINKCUKACHA: 28426620 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28426620/.

UCurtis KM, uJatlaoui TC, uTepper NK, et al. Izindululo ezikhethiweyo zase-US zokusebenzisa izinto zokuthintela ukukhulelwa, 2016 Ingcebiso kaMMWR. Ngo-2016; 65 (4): 1-66. IINKCUKACHA: 27467319 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27467319/.

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I-Jatlaoui TC, i-Ermias Y, iZapata LB. Ukuthintela ukukhulelwa. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 143.

URivlin K, Westhoff C. Ucwangciso losapho. Ku: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, ii-eds. Gynecology egqibeleleyo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 13.