Ubundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo

Ubundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo yiyo nayiphi na imisebenzi yesondo okanye unxibelelwano olwenzeka ngaphandle kwemvume yakho. Ingabandakanya ukunyanzelwa komzimba okanye isoyikiso sokunyanzelwa. Inokwenzeka ngenxa yokunyanzelwa okanye ukusongelwa. Ukuba ulixhoba lobundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo, ayilotyala lakho. Ubundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo soze impazamo yexhoba.

Ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo, ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo, ukutshata kunye nokudlwengula zonke iintlobo zobundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo. Ubundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo yingxaki enkulu yezempilo yoluntu. Ichaphazela abantu bayo yonke into:

• Ubudala
• Isini
• Ukwaziswa ngezesondo
• Ubuhlanga
• Ubuchule bengqondo
• Iklasi yezoqoqosho

Ubundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo benzeka rhoqo kwabasetyhini, kodwa namadoda nawo angamaxhoba. Phantse i-1 kwabafazi aba-5 kunye ne-1 kumadoda angama-71 e-United States babe lixhoba lokugqitywa okanye ukuzama ukudlwengula (ukungena ngenkani) ebomini babo. Nangona kunjalo, ubundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo abuphelelanga kudlwengulo.

Ubundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo budla ngokwenziwa ngamadoda. Idla ngokuba ngumntu olaziyo ixhoba. Umenzi wobubi (umntu owenza ubundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo) angangu:

• Umhlobo
• Umntu osebenza naye
• Ummelwane
• Umntu osenyongweni okanye iqabane
• Ilungu losapho
• Umntu okwisikhundla segunya okanye impembelelo kubomi bexhoba

Iinkcazo zomthetho zobundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo okanye ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo kuyahluka ngokwamazwe. NgokweZiko loLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo, ubundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo kubandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Kugqityiwe okanye kuzanywa ukudlwengulwa. Udlwengulo lunokuba kwilungu lobufazi, ezimpundu okanye lomlomo. Inokubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwelungu lomzimba okanye into.
• Ukunyanzela ixhoba ukuba lingene kumenzi wobubi okanye komnye umntu, nokuba lilinge okanye liyagqitywa.
• Ukucinezela ixhoba ukuba lingenise ukuze lingene. Uxinzelelo lusenokubandakanya ukusongela ukuphelisa ubudlelwane okanye ukusasaza amarhe malunga nexhoba, okanye ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwegunya okanye impembelelo.
• NALUPHI unxibelelwano olungafunekiyo ngokwesondo. Oku kubandakanya ukubamba ixhoba ebeleni, kwilungu langasese, ethangeni elingaphakathi, kwi-anus, kwi-butt, okanye kwi-groin kulusu olungenanto okanye ngempahla.
• Ukwenza ixhoba liphathe umenzi wobubi ngokusebenzisa amandla okanye ukoyikisa.
• I-Sexual Harassment okanye naliphi na amava esondo angafunekiyo angabandakanyi ukubamba. Oku kubandakanya ukuphathwa gadalala ngamazwi okanye ukwabelana ngemifanekiso engamanyala. Inokwenzeka ngaphandle kokuba ixhoba lazi ngayo.
• Izenzo zobundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo zinokwenzeka kuba ixhoba alinakuvuma ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala okanye iziyobisi. Ukusetyenziswa kotywala okanye iziyobisi kunokuba kukuvuma okanye ukungathandi. Nokuba kunjalo, ixhoba alinatyala.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba unxibelelwano oludlulileyo lwezesondo aluthethi ukuvuma. Nakuphi na ukunxibelelana ngokwesondo okanye isenzo, ngokwasemzimbeni nangaphandle komzimba, sifuna ukuba bobabini abantu bavumelane ngokukhululekileyo, ngokucacileyo nangokuzimisela.

Umntu akanakho ukunika imvume ukuba:

• Ngaphantsi kweminyaka yobudala esemthethweni yemvume (inokwahluka ngokwamazwe)
• Ngaba unokukhubazeka engqondweni okanye emzimbeni
• Balele okanye abekho zingqondweni
• Banxila kakhulu

IINDLELA ZOKUPHENDULA KUQHAGAMSHELWANO NGOKWESONDO

Ukuba ucinezelwa ukuba wenze izinto zesondo ongazifuniyo, ezi ngcebiso zivela kwiRAINN (Ukudlwengulwa, Ukuphathwa gadalala, kunye neNethiwekhi kaZwelonke yeNgcaciso) inokukunceda uphume ngokukhuselekileyo kule meko:

• Khumbula ukuba ayilotyala lakho. Awunyanzelekanga ukuba wenze ngendlela ongafuni kuyenza. Umntu okucinezela uxanduva.
• Zithembe iimvakalelo zakho. Ukuba kukho into engaziva ilungile okanye engonwabanga, themba loo mvakalelo.
• Kulungile ukwenza izizathu okanye uxoke ukuze uphume kwimeko. Musa ukuziva ungonwabanga ngokwenza njalo. Unokuthi uziva ugula ngesiquphe, kufuneka uye kungxamiseko losapho, okanye ufuna nje ukuya kwigumbi lokuhlambela. Ukuba unako, tsalela umhlobo.
• Khangela indlela yokubaleka. Khangela umnyango osondeleyo okanye iwindow ongayifumana ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba abantu bakufuphi, cinga ngendlela yokufumana ingqalelo yabo. Cinga ngendawo oya kuyo ngokulandelayo. Yenza okusemandleni akho ukuze uhlale ukhuselekile.
• Cwangcisa kwangaphambili ukuba ube negama lekhowudi ekhethekileyo kunye nomhlobo okanye ilungu losapho. Emva koko ungabatsalela umnxeba kwaye uthethe igama lekhowudi okanye isivakalisi ukuba ukwimeko ongafuniyo ukuba kuyo.

Nokuba kwenzeka ntoni, akukho nto uyenzileyo okanye oyithethileyo ebangele ukuba ahlaselwe. Nokuba unxibe ntoni, usela ntoni, okanye wenza ntoni-nokuba ubudlala ngothando okanye uncamisa-ayilotyala lakho. Indlela oziphethe ngayo ngaphambi, ngexesha, okanye emva kwesehlo ayitshintshi into yokuba umenzi wobubi unetyala.

EMVA KOKUHLASELWA NGOKWESONDO

Yiya kwindawo ekhuselekileyo. Ukuba uhlaselwe ngokwesondo, zama ukuya kwindawo ekhuselekileyo msinyane kangangoko unako. Ukuba usengozini ngokukhawuleza okanye wenzakele kakhulu, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni.

Fumana uncedo. Nje ukuba ukhuseleke, unokufumana izixhobo zasekuhlaleni zamaxhoba okuhlaselwa ngokwesondo ngokutsalela umnxeba kwiNombolo yoNyaka yokuXhatshazwa kwezeSondo ku-800-6565-HOPE (4673). Ukuba udlwengulwe, umnxeba unganxibelelana nezibhedlele ezinabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo ekusebenzeni namaxhoba oxhatshazo ngokwesondo kunye nokuqokelela ubungqina. I-hotline inokukwazi ukuthumela umthetheleli ukuba akuncede ngeli xesha linzima. Usenakho nokufumana uncedo nenkxaso ngendlela yokwenza ingxelo ngolwaphulo-mthetho, ukuba ngaba ungagqiba ekubeni wenze njalo.

Fumana unyango. Ingumbono olungileyo ukufuna ukhathalelo lonyango ukukhangela nokunyanga nakuphi na ukonzakala. Isenokungabi lula, kodwa zama UKUNGAhlambi, ukuhlamba, ukuhlamba izandla, ukusika iinzipho, ukutshintsha impahla, okanye ukuxukuxa ngaphambi kokuba ufumane unyango. Ngale ndlela, unokukhetha ukuba ubungqina buqokelelwe.

UNYANGO EMVA KOKUHLASELWA NGOKWESINI

Esibhedlele, ababoneleli bakho bezempilo baya kuchaza ukuba loluphi uvavanyo kunye nonyango olunokwenziwa. Baza kucacisa ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni kwaye kutheni. Uya kucelwa imvume yakho ngaphambi kokuba wenze nayiphi na inkqubo okanye uvavanyo.

Ababoneleli ngononophelo lwempilo banokuthi baxoxe ngenketho yokuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lobundlobongela ngokwesondo (ikiti yokudlwengula) eyenziwa ngumongikazi oqeqeshwe ngokukodwa. Unokuthatha isigqibo sokuba ube noviwo. Ukuba uyakwenza oko, iya kuqokelela i-DNA kunye nobunye ubungqina ukuba ngaba ungagqiba kwelokuba uluchaze ulwaphulo-mthetho olo. Nazi ezinye izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe:

• Nokuba usebenza nomongikazi oqeqeshiweyo, uvavanyo kunokuba nzima ukulufumana emva kohlaselo.
• Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ubeneemviwo. Lukhetho lwakho.
• Ukuba nobungqina bungenza kube lula ukufumanisa nokugweba umenzi wobubi.
• Ukuba noviwo akuthethi ukuba kuya kufuneka ucinezele iindleko. Unako ukwenza uviwo nokuba awucinezeli iintlawulo. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba uthathe isigqibo sokufaka ityala ngokukhawuleza.
• Ukuba ucinga ukuba unamachiza, qiniseka ukuxelela ababoneleli bakho ukuze bakwazi ukukuvavanya kwangoko.

Ababoneleli bakho baya kuthi bathethe nawe malunga:

• Ukusetyenziswa kwezicwangcisi ezingxamisekileyo xa uthe wadlwengulwa kwaye kukho ithuba lokuba ukhulelwe ngenxa yodlwengulo.
• Ungawunciphisa njani umngcipheko wosulelo lwe-HIV ukuba umdlwenguli ubene-HIV. Oku kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwangoko kwamayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-HIV. Inkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP).
• Ukuvavanywa nokunyangwa kwezinye izifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo, xa kufuneka njalo. Unyango ngokuqhelekileyo kuthetha ukuthatha ikhosi ye-antibiotics ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo. Qaphela ukuba ngamanye amaxesha ababoneleli banokucebisa ngokuchasene nokuvavanywa ngexesha ukuba kukho inkxalabo yokuba iziphumo zinokusetyenziswa ngokuchasene nawe.

UKUZINAKEKELA EMVA KOKUHLASELWA NGOKWESINI

Emva kohlaselo ngokwesondo, ungaziva udidekile, unomsindo, okanye woyisiwe. Kuqhelekile ukuphendula nangaliphi na inani leendlela:

• Umsindo okanye ubutshaba
• Ukudideka
• Ukulila okanye ukuziva ndindisholo
• Uloyiko
• Ayikwazi kulawula iimvakalelo zakho
• Uvalo
• Ukuhleka ngamaxesha angaqhelekanga
• Ukungatyi nokulala kakuhle
• Uloyiko lokuphulukana nolawulo
• Ukurhoxa kusapho okanye kubahlobo

Ezi ntlobo zeemvakalelo kunye nokuphendula ziqhelekile. Iimvakalelo zakho zinokutshintsha ekuhambeni kwexesha. Nako oku kuqhelekile.

Thatha ixesha lokuziphilisa ngokwasemzimbeni nangokweemvakalelo.

• Zikhathalele ngokwenza izinto ezikuthuthuzelayo, njengokuchitha ixesha nomhlobo omthembileyo okanye ukuphuma kwindalo.
• Zama ukuzikhathalela ngokutya ukutya okusempilweni okunandiphayo kwaye uhlale usebenza.
• Kulungile ukuthatha ikhefu kwaye urhoxise izicwangciso ukuba ufuna ixesha lakho wedwa.

Ukusombulula iimvakalelo ezinxulumene nomsitho, uninzi luya kufumanisa ukuba ukwabelana ngeemvakalelo zakho nomcebisi oqeqeshiweyo kuyanceda. Akukuvumeli ukuba buthathaka ukufuna uncedo ekujonganeni neemvakalelo ezinamandla ezinxulumene nokophulwa komntu. Ukuthetha nomcebisi kunokukunceda ufunde indlela yokulawula uxinzelelo kunye nokujongana nezinto ohlangabezana nazo.

• Xa ukhetha i-Therapist, khangela umntu onamava okusebenza namaxhoba obundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo.
• Umnxeba osesikweni wokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo ku-800-656-HOPE (4673) unokukuqhagamshela kwiinkonzo zenkxaso yalapha, apho unokufumana khona ugqirha kwindawo yakho.
• Unokucela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba athumele.
• Nokuba amava akho enzekile kwiinyanga okanye kwiminyaka edlulileyo, ukuthetha nomntu kunokunceda.

Ukuchacha kubundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo kungathatha ixesha. Akukho bantu babini banoluhambo olufanayo lokuya kuchacha. Khumbula ukuba mnene nesiqu sakho njengoko uqhubeka kwinkqubo. Kodwa kuya kufuneka ube nethemba lokuba ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngenkxaso yabahlobo bakho abathembekileyo kunye nonyango lobungcali, uya kuphila.

IZIXHOBO:

• IOfisi yamaxhoba olwaphulo-mthetho: www.ovc.gov/welcome.html
• I-RAINN (Ukudlwengulwa, ukuxhatshazwa kunye neNethiwekhi kaZwelonke yeNethiwekhi): www.rainn.org
• IWomensHealth.gov: www.womenshealth.gov/relationship-and-safety

Ukwabelana ngesondo nokudlwengula; Umhla wokudlwengulwa; Ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo; Udlwengulo Ubundlobongela ngesondo kumaqabane; Ubundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo-umbulo

• Uxinzelelo lwasemva koxinzelelo

Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lwewebhusayithi. IQela eliSondeleyo leQabane likaZwelonke kunye noPhando ngezeSondo ngo-2010. NgoNovemba 2011. www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/nisvs_report2010-a.pdf.

Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lwewebhusayithi. Uthintelo lobundlobongela: ubundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo. www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/Sexualviolence/index.html. Ukuhlaziywa ngoMeyi 1, 2018. Ifikeleleke ngoJulayi 10, 2018.

UCowley D, uLentz GM. Imiba yeemvakalelo kwi-gynecology: uxinzelelo, uxinzelelo, uxinzelelo lwasemva koxinzelelo, ukuphazamiseka kwindlela otya ngayo, ukuphazamiseka ekusebenziseni iziyobisi, izigulana "ezinzima", umsebenzi wesondo, udlwengulo, ubundlobongela obusondeleyo kunye neentlungu. Ku: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, ii-eds. Gynecology egqibeleleyo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 9.

IGambone JC. Umlingane osondeleyo kunye nobundlobongela bosapho, ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo, kunye nokudlwengulwa. Ku: IHacker NF, iGambone JC, iHobel CJ, ii-eds. IHacker kunye neMoore's Essentials ye-Obstetrics kunye neGynecology. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2016: isahluko 29.

ILinden JA, iRiviello RJ. Ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 58.

Indawo yokusebenza KA, Bolan GA; Amaziko oLawulo lweZifo noThintelo. Isikhokelo sonyango lwezifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo, 2015. Ingcebiso kaMMWR. Ngo-2015; 64 (RR-03): 1-137. IINKCUKACHA: 26042815 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26042815.