Iziphumo zolusu kwiintsana

Ulusu losana olusandul 'ukuzalwa ludlula kutshintsho oluninzi kokubonakala nembonakalo.

Ulusu lomntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa usempilweni xa:

• Ubomvu obomvu obomvu okanye obomvu kunye nezandla kunye neenyawo eziluhlaza. Ulusu lumnyama phambi kokuba usana luphefumle okokuqala (xa besenza isikhalo sokuqala esomeleleyo).
• Into ejiyileyo, enencindi ebizwa ngokuba yvernix egubungela ulusu. Le nto ikhusela ulusu lomntwana kulusu lwe-amniotic esibelekweni. I-Vernix kufuneka ihlambe ngexesha lokuhlambela kokuqala kosana.
• Izinwele ezintle, ezithambileyo (i-lanugo) ezinokuthi zigubungele ulusu, ibunzi, izidlele, amagxa kunye nomqolo. Oku kuqheleke ngakumbi xa usana luzelwe ngaphambi komhla omiselweyo. Izinwele kufuneka zinyamalale kwiiveki zokuqala ezimbalwa zobomi bosana.

Ulusu olusandul 'ukuzalwa luyahluka, kuxhomekeke kubude bokukhulelwa. Iintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha zinesikhumba esibhityileyo nesikhanyayo. Ulusu lwexesha elipheleleyo lomntwana lukhulu.

Ngosuku lwesibini okanye lwesithathu lomntwana, ulusu luyakhanya ngandlel ’ithile kwaye lunokuba lomile luze ludumbe. Ulusu lusoloko lujika lubomvu xa usana lukhala. Imilebe, izandla kunye neenyawo zinokujika zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye zibe namachokoza xa kubanda usana.

Olunye utshintsho lunokubandakanya:

• I-Milia, (encinci, emhlophe-emhlophe, eqinile iphakamisa amaqhuma ebusweni) athi shwaka ngokwabo.
• Amabala amdaka ahlala ecoca kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Oku kubangelwa zezinye iihormone zikamama ezihlala egazini lomntwana.
• I-Erythema toxicum. Oku kukukhawuleza okuqhelekileyo, okungenabungozi okukhangeleka ngathi ziipustules ezincinci kwisiseko esibomvu. Ihlala ibonakala ebusweni, esiqwini, emilenzeni, nasezingalweni malunga neentsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 emva kokuhanjiswa. Iyanyamalala ngeveki enye.

Iimpawu zokuzalwa ezinemibala okanye ukumakishwa kwesikhumba kunokubandakanya:

• I-nevi ye-Congenital zii-moles (uphawu olumnyama olunombala omnyama) onokubakho xa kuzalwa. Ziyahluka ngokobukhulu ukusuka kwincinci njenge-ertyisi ukuya enkulu ngokwaneleyo ukugubungela ingalo yonke okanye umlenze, okanye icandelo elikhulu lomqolo okanye lomboko. I-nevi enkulu ithwala umngcipheko wokuba ngumhlaza wolusu. Umboneleli wezempilo kufuneka alandele yonke i-nevi.
• Amabala aseMongolia anombala oluhlaza-bumdaka okanye omdaka. Banokuvela kulusu lwempundu okanye ngasemva, ikakhulu kwiintsana ezinesikhumba esimnyama. Kuya kufuneka buphele kungaphelanga unyaka.
• Iindawo zeCafé-au-lait zilula, umbala wekofu kunye nobisi. Zidla ngokuvela xa kuzalwa, okanye zinokukhula kwiminyaka nje embalwa yokuqala. Abantwana abanamabala amaninzi, okanye amabala amakhulu, banokubakho kwimeko ekuthiwa yi-neurofibromatosis.

Iimpawu zokuzalwa ezibomvu zinokubandakanya:

• Itafile zewayini ezibusayo-ukukhula okuqukethe imithambo yegazi (ukukhula kwemithambo). Zibomvu ukuhombisa ngombala. Zihlala zibonwa ebusweni, kodwa zinokwenzeka nakweyiphi na indawo yomzimba.
• IHemangiomas - ingqokelela yee-capillaries (imithambo yegazi encinci) ezinokuvela xa kuzalwa okanye kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva.
• Ingulube iluma - amabala amancinci abomvu ebunzini lomntwana, iinkophe, umva wentamo, okanye umlomo ongasentla. Zibangelwa kukolulwa kwemithambo yegazi. Bahlala bemka kwiinyanga ezili-18.

Ulusu olusanda kuzalwa; Iimpawu zesikhumba somntwana; Unonophelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka-ulusu

• I-Erythema toxicum elunyaweni
• Iimpawu zolusu
• I-Milia - impumlo
• I-Cutis marmorata emlenzeni
• Miliaria crystallina - kufutshane
• Miliaria crystallina - isifuba nengalo
• Miliaria crystallina - isifuba nengalo

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UNarendran V. Ulusu lweentsana. Ku: UMartin RJ, uFanaroff AA, uWalsh MC, ii-eds. UFanaroff kunye noMartin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 94.

I-Walker VP. Uvavanyo olusandul 'ukuzalwa. Ku: Gleason CA, Juul SE, ii-eds. Izifo zika-Avery Zomntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa. Ngomhla we-10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 25.