Ukulila ebusaneni

Iintsana zine-reflex yokukhala eyimpendulo eqhelekileyo kwisistim, njengentlungu okanye indlala. Iintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha zingenakho ukukhala. Ke ngoko, kufuneka zibekwe esweni ngokusondeleyo kwiimpawu zendlala kunye neentlungu.

Isikhalo kunxibelelwano lokuqala lomlomo wosana. Ngumyalezo ongxamisekileyo okanye wokubandezeleka. Isandi yindlela yendalo yokuqinisekisa ukuba abantu abadala bayaya emntwaneni ngokukhawuleza. Kunzima kakhulu ukuba uninzi lwabantu luphulaphule usana olulilayo.

Phantse wonke umntu uyayiqonda into yokuba iintsana ziyakhala ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi kwaye ukukhala yinto eqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, abazali banokuziva bephezulu kuxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo xa umntwana elila rhoqo. Isandi sithathwa njenge-alam. Abazali bahlala bekhathazekile ngenxa yokungakwazi ukumazi unobangela wokulila kunye nokuthuthuzela umntwana. Ixesha lokuqala abazali bahlala bebabuza ubuzali babo ukuba umntwana akanakuthuthuzeleka.

KUTHENI IINTSANA ZIKHALA

Ngamanye amaxesha, abantwana bayakhala ngaphandle kwesizathu. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhala kakhulu kukusabela kwinto ethile. Kunganzima ukufumana ukuba yintoni ephazamisa usana ngelo xesha. Ezinye zezizathu ezinokubakho zibandakanya:

• Indlala. Iintsana zifuna ukutya imini nobusuku, rhoqo rhoqo kwiiyure ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu.
• Ubuhlungu obubangelwa yirhasi okanye amathumbu emva kokutya. Iintlungu ziyakhula ukuba ngaba umntwana utyiswe kakhulu okanye akabhidwa ngokwaneleyo. Ukutya okutyiwa ngumama oncelisayo kunokubangela igesi okanye iintlungu emntwaneni wakhe.
• Colic. Uninzi lweentsana ezinobudala beeveki ezintathu ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-3 zikhula ngendlela yokukhala enxulumene ne-colic. IColic yindawo eqhelekileyo yophuhliso enokubangelwa zizinto ezininzi. Ihlala yenzeka emva kwemini okanye ngorhatya.
• Ukuphazamiseka, njengokuvela kwi-diaper emanzi.
• Ukuziva ushushu kakhulu okanye kubanda kakhulu. Iintsana nazo zinokukhala ngokuziva zisongelwe ngengubo yazo, okanye ngokufuna ukubotshwa ziqiniswe.
• Ingxolo eninzi, ukukhanya, okanye umsebenzi. Ezi zinokukhawuleza okanye ngokukhawuleza zigqithise umntwana wakho.

Ukulila mhlawumbi kuyinxalenye yenkqubo yesiqhelo yenkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Uninzi lwabazali bathi banokuva umahluko kwithoni phakathi kokukhala kokondla kunye nokulila okubangelwa yintlungu.

OKO UNOKUKWENZA XA UMNTWANA UKHALA

Xa ungaqinisekanga ukuba kutheni umntwana wakho elila, qala uzame ukushenxisa imithombo onokuyinyamekela:

• Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana uphefumla ngokulula kwaye iminwe, iinzwane kunye nemilebe ipinki kwaye ifudumele.
• Jonga ukudumba, ubomvu, ukuba manzi, irhashalala, iminwe ebandayo neenzwane, iingalo okanye imilenze ejijekileyo, iindlebe ezisongekileyo, okanye iminwe okanye iinzwane.
• Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana akalambi. SUKULIBazisa ixesha elide xa umntwana wakho ebonisa iimpawu zokulamba.
• Qiniseka ukuba wondla umntwana isixa esifanelekileyo kwaye umngcungcuthekise ngokuchanekileyo umntwana.
• Jonga ukuba umntwana wakho akabandi kakhulu okanye akashushu kakhulu.
• Jonga ukuze ubone ukuba ngaba ilweyile kufuneka litshintshwe.
• Qiniseka ukuba akukho ngxolo ingako, ukukhanya, okanye umoya, okanye akukho kukhuthaza okwaneleyo kunye nokunxibelelana.

Nazi iindlela ezimbalwa zokuthuthuzela umntwana okhalayo:

• Zama ukudlala umculo othambileyo, ophantsi wentuthuzelo.
• Thetha nomntwana wakho. Isandi selizwi lakho sinokuqinisekisa. Usana lwakho lusenokuthomalaliswa yingxolo okanye isandi sefeni okanye isomisi impahla.
• Guqula indawo yomntwana.
• Gcina umntwana wakho kufuphi nesifuba sakho. Ngamanye amaxesha, iintsana kufuneka zive iimvakalelo eziqhelekileyo, ezinje ngesandi selizwi lakho esifubeni, ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho, uvakalelo lolusu lwakho, ivumba lokuphefumla kwakho, ukuhamba komzimba, kunye nokuthuthuzela kokwanga kwakho. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, iintsana zazigcinwa rhoqo kwaye ukungabikho komzali kuthetha ingozi kumarhamncwa okanye ukulahlwa. Awunakho ukonakalisa umntwana ngokubabamba ebusaneni.

Ukuba ukukhala kuyaqhubeka ixesha elide kunesiqhelo kwaye awukwazi ukumzolisa umntwana, tsalela umnikezeli wezempilo akucebise.

Zama ukuphumla ngokwaneleyo. Abazali abadiniweyo abanako ukunyamekela usana lwabo.

Sebenzisa izibonelelo zosapho, izihlobo, okanye abanonopheli bangaphandle ukuze uzinike ixesha lokufumana amandla kwakhona. Oku kuya kuba luncedo nakumntwana wakho. Oko akuthethi ukuba ungumzali ombi okanye uyamshiya umntwana wakho. Ngethuba nje abo banonophelo bathatha amanyathelo okhuseleko kunye nokuthuthuzela umntwana xa kufuneka, unokuqiniseka ukuba umntwana wakho ukhathalelwe kakuhle ngexesha lekhefu.

Biza umnikezeli wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba ukukhala komntwana wakho kwenzeka ngeempawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane, urhudo, ukugabha, irhashalala, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye ezinye iimpawu zokugula.

• Indawo yokuqhekeza umntwana

UDitmar MF. Ukuziphatha kunye nophuhliso. Ku: Polin RA, Ditmar MF, ii-eds. Iimfihlo zabantwana. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 2.

UMarcdante KJ, uKliegman RM. Ukulila kunye ne-colic. Ku: UMarcdante KJ, uKliegman RM, ii-eds. UNelson oBalulekileyo kwiPediatrics. Ngomhla we-8. Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 11.

UTaylor JA, uWight JA, uWoodrum D.Ukhathalelo olusandul 'ukuzalwa. Ku: Gleason CA, Juul SE, ii-eds. Izifo zika-Avery Zomntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa. Ngomhla we-10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 26.