Ilebheli yokutya

Iilebheli zokutya zinolwazi oluninzi kukutya okuninzi okupakishwe. Iilebheli zokutya zibizwa ngokuba yi "Nutrition Facts." I-United States yoLawulo lwezoKutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi (i-FDA) ihlaziye iilebhile yeNutrition Facts, uninzi lwabavelisi oluya kuba nayo ngo-2021.

Urhulumente wase-United States ufuna iilebheli zokutya kuninzi lokutya okuhlanganisiweyo. Ileyibhile ibonelela ngolwazi olupheleleyo, oluluncedo noluchanekileyo lwesondlo. Urhulumente ukhuthaza abavelisi bokutya ukuba baphucule umgangatho weemveliso zabo ukunceda abantu bakhethe ukutya okusempilweni. Ifomathi ehambelanayo yelebula ikunceda ngokuthelekisa ngokuthe ngqo umxholo wesondlo wokutya okwahlukeneyo.

UKUKHONZA UMSEBENZI

Ubungakanani benkonzo kwileyibhile isekwe kumyinge ophakathi wokutya abantu abadla ngokutya. Iimveliso zokutya ezifanayo zinobungakanani obufanayo bokusebenzela ukwenza ukuthelekisa iimveliso kube lula.

Gcina ukhumbula ukuba ubungakanani bokusebenza kwileyibhile akusoloko lilingana nobungakanani bokusebenza obunempilo. Ibonisa isixa esidliwayo ngabantu. Ayisiyo ingcebiso malunga nokuba ungatya ukutya okungakanani.

Uninzi lwexesha, ubungakanani bokusebenza kwileyibhile abuhambelani nobungakanani bokusebenza kuluhlu lotshintshiselwano ngeswekile. Iiphakheji ezinokusebenza okungaphezulu kwesinye, ngamanye amaxesha ileyibhile iya kubandakanya ulwazi olusekwe kubungakanani benkonzo kunye nobungakanani beephakeji zizonke.

IIMALI NGENKONZO

Inani elipheleleyo leekhalori ngokusebenza nganye libonisiwe kudidi olukhulu. Oku kunceda abathengi babone ngokucacileyo inani leekhalori ngokusebenza. Uluhlu lwezondlo lubandakanya:

• Amanqatha apheleleyo
• Amafutha adlulayo
• Amafutha agcweleyo
• Icholesterol
• Isodium
• Iyonke i-carbohydrate
• Ifayibha yokutya
• Iswekile iyonke
• Yongeza iswekile
• Iiprotheni

Ezi zondlo zibalulekile kwimpilo yethu. Ixabiso labo liboniswe ngeegram (g) okanye ngokweemiligram (mg) ngokusebenza ngasekunene kwesondlo.

IIVITAMINI NEZIMBALI

I-Vitamin D, i-calcium, i-iron, kunye ne-potassium zezona micronutrients zifunekayo ukuba zibekho kwilebheli yokutya. Iinkampani zokutya zinokuzidwelisa ngokuzithandela ezinye iivithamini kunye neeminerals ekutyeni.

IXESHA LEXESHA LEXESHA (% Ixabiso Lemihla ngemihla)

Uninzi lwezondlo lubandakanya ipesenti yexabiso lemihla ngemihla (% DV).

• Oku kubonisa ukuba ingakanani into umntu ayisebenzelayo enegalelo kwisondlo esinconyelwayo sokutya yonke imihla kwisondlo ngasinye. Ipesenti yamaxabiso mihla le enza ukuba kube lula kuwe ukuba uthelekise ukutya kwaye ubone ukuba ukutya okuthile kungena njani kwindlela otya ngayo.
• Umzekelo, ukutya okunee-gram ezili-13 zamafutha ezine-% DV ezingama-20% kuthetha ukuba i-13 yegrama yamanqatha ibonelela nge-20%, okanye isinye kwisihlanu sesincomo sakho sokutya okunamafutha kwemihla ngemihla.

Ipesenti yamaxabiso emihla ngemihla asekwe kukutya okungama-2,000 eekhalori. Ungawasebenzisa la manani njengesikhokelo ngokubanzi, kodwa khumbula ukuba iimfuno zakho zekhalori zinokuphakama okanye ziphantsi kuxhomekeke kubudala bakho, isini, ubude, ubunzima, kunye nenqanaba lomsebenzi womzimba.Qaphela ukuba iiprotheyini, amafutha, kunye neswekile ayinazo iipesenti zemihla ngemihla ezidwelisiweyo.

AMABANGO EZIQULATHO ZOKUTYA

Ibango lomxholo wezondlo ligama okanye ibinzana kwiphakeji yokutya elenza ingxelo malunga nenqanaba lesondlo esithile ekutyeni. Ibango liya kuthetha okufanayo kuyo yonke imveliso. Oku kulandelayo ngamabango ezityalo avunyiweyo.

Imigaqo yekhalori:

• Akukho khalori: ngaphantsi kweekhalori ezintlanu ngokusebenza.
• I-calorie ephantsi: iikhalori ezingama-40 okanye ngaphantsi ngokusebenza (ukukhonza ubungakanani obukhulu kune-30 gram).
• Ikhalori encitshisiweyo: Ubuncinci i-25% yeekhalori ezimbalwa xa ukhonza xa kuthelekiswa nokutya okuqhelekileyo.
• UkuKhanya okanye iLite: Isinye kwisithathu ezimbalwa zeekhalori ezipheleleyo okanye ama-50% angaphantsi kwamafutha ngokusebenza xa kuthelekiswa nokutya okuqhelekileyo. Ukuba ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha seekhalori zivela kumanqatha, umxholo wamafutha kufuneka uncitshiswe ngama-50% okanye nangaphezulu.

Amagama eswekile:

• Iswekile-free: Ngaphantsi kwe-1/2 gram yeswekile ngokukhonza
• Iswekile eyehlisiweyo: Ubuncinci iipesenti ezingama-25 zeswekile kwiserfu nganye xa kuthelekiswa nokutya okungancitshiswanga

Amagama amafutha:

• Akunamafutha okanye i-100% engenamafutha: Ngaphantsi kwe-1/2 gram yeoli ngokusebenza
• Amafutha asezantsi: 1 g wamanqatha okanye ngaphantsi ngokusebenza
• Amafutha ancitshisiweyo: Ubuncinci i-25% yeoyile encinci xa kuthelekiswa nokutya okunamafutha rhoqo

Amagama echolesterol:

• Ikholesterol yasimahla: Ngaphantsi kweemiligram ezimbini zecholesterol ngokuhambisa kunye neegram ezi-2 okanye ngaphantsi kwamafutha agcweleyo ngokutya
• I-cholesterol ephantsi: ii-milligram ezingama-20 okanye ngaphantsi kwe-cholesterol ngokutya kunye ne-2 gram okanye ngaphantsi kweoli egcweleyo ngokutya
• Ukunciphisa i-cholesterol: Ubuncinci i-25% ye-cholesterol encinci ngokusebenza xa kuthelekiswa nokutya kwesiqhelo

Imigaqo yesodium:

• Isodiyamu yasimahla: Ngaphantsi kwe-5 milligrams yesodium ngokusebenza
• Isodiyam ephantsi: i-140 mg okanye ngaphantsi kwesodium ngokusebenza
• Isodiyam ephantsi kakhulu: 35 mg okanye ngaphantsi kwesodium ngokusebenza
• Ukuncitshiswa kwesodium: Ubuncinci i-25% isodiyamu encinci ngokutya kunokutya okuqhelekileyo

Amanye amabango omxholo wezondlo:

• "Phezulu," "Tyebile," okanye "Umthombo oGqwesileyo": iqulethe i-20% okanye ngaphezulu kwexabiso lemihla ngemihla
• "Umthombo olungileyo," "Iqulathe," okanye "Nikeza": iqulethe i-10 ukuya kwi-19% yexabiso lemihla ngemihla ngokusebenza

AMABANGO EZEMPILO

Ibango lezempilo ngumyalezo weelebheli zokutya ochaza ubudlelwane phakathi kokutya okanye icandelo lokutya (njengamafutha, ikhalsiyam, okanye ifayibha) kunye nesifo okanye imeko enxulumene nempilo. I-FDA inoxanduva lokuvuma kunye nokulawula la mabango.

Urhulumente ugunyazise amabango ezempilo kwezi ndlela zisixhenxe zokutya kunye nobudlelwane bempilo ezixhaswa bubungqina obunzulu besayensi:

1. I-calcium, i-vitamin D, kunye ne-osteoporosis
2. Amafutha okutya kunye nomhlaza
3. Ifayibha kwiziqhamo, imifuno, kunye nemveliso yeenkozo kunye nomhlaza
4. Ifayibha kwiziqhamo, imifuno, kunye neemveliso zeenkozo kunye nesifo sentliziyo
5. Iziqhamo nemifuno kunye nomhlaza
6. Amafutha agcwalisiweyo kunye ne-cholesterol kunye nesifo sentliziyo
7. Isodium kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi)

Umzekelo webango lezempilo elisemthethweni onokuthi ulibone kwileyibhile yokutya okuziinkozo okuya kuba yile: "Izinto ezininzi zichaphazela umngcipheko womhlaza; ukutya ukutya okunamafutha aphantsi kunye nefayibha ephezulu kunokunciphisa umngcipheko kwesi sifo."

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya kumabango ezempilo athile, jonga kulwazi malunga nokutya kunye nempilo.

AMANQAKU

Abavelisi bokutya bayacelwa ukuba badwelise izithako ngokuhla ngokobunzima (ukusuka kwelona liphezulu ukuya kwelona lincinci). Abantu abanengxaki yokutya okanye i-allergies banokufumana ulwazi oluluncedo kwiluhlu lwezithako kwileyibhile.

Uluhlu lwezithako luza kubandakanya, xa kufanelekile:

• I-Caseinate njengophuma kubisi kukutya okubanga ukuba yi-nondairy (njengabakhofi bekhofi)
• Izongezo zombala ezivunyiweyo ze-FDA
• Imithombo yeeproteni hydrolysates

Uninzi lwabavelisi banikezela ngenombolo yasimahla yokuphendula imibuzo malunga neemveliso ezithile zokutya kunye nezithako zazo.

UKUTYA OKUXELWE KWIBHAYIBHILE YOKUTYA

Ukutya okuninzi akufuneki ukuba kunolwazi ngazo. Baxolelwe kwiilebheli zokutya. Oku kubandakanya:

• Ukutya kweenqwelo moya
• Ukutya okuninzi okungathengiswa kwakhona
• Abathengisi beenkonzo zokutya (njengabathengisi beecookie ezinkulu, abathengisi beendlela, kunye noomatshini abathengisayo)
• Iivenkile zokutyela esibhedlele
• Ukutya kwezonyango
• Izicatshulwa zencasa
• Imibala yokutya
• Ukutya okuveliswa ngamashishini amancinci
• Okunye ukutya okungaqulathanga mali ibalulekileyo yazo naziphi na izakha mzimba
• Ikofu Plain neti
• Ukutya okulungele ukutyiwa okulungiselelwe ikakhulu kwindawo leyo
• Ukutya kwindawo yokutyela
• Izinongo

Iivenkile zinokuzidwelisa ngokuzithandela uluhlu lwezinto zokutya eziluhlaza. Banokubonisa ulwazi lwesondlo kwiziqhamo ezingama-20 eziqhelekileyo ezidliwayo, imifuno kunye nokutya kwaselwandle. Ilebhile yesondlo semveliso enye ekrwada, njengomhlaba wenyama kunye namabele enkukhu, kukwaqhutywa ngokuzithandela.

Ilebhile yesondlo; Iinyani ngesondlo

• Isikhokelo seelebheli zokutya ilekese
• Isikhokelo selebheli yokutya yesonka sengqolowa
• Funda iilebheli zokutya

Ikhowudi ye-Elektroniki yeMigaqo yeFederal. Icandelo 101 UkuPhawulwa kokutya. www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=c1ecfe3d77951a4f6ab53eac751307df&mc=true&node=pt21.2.101&rgn=div5. Ukuhlaziywa ngoFebruwari 26, 2021. Kufumaneka ngo-Matshi 03, 2021.

URamu A, uNeild P.Ukutya kunye nesondlo. Ku: Naish J, Inkundla yaseSyndercombe D, ii-eds. IiSayensi zezoNyango. Ngomhla wesi-3. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 16.

Iwebhusayithi yoLawulo lwezoKutya kunye nokuSebenzisa iziyobisi. Ilebheli yokutya kunye nesondlo. www.fda.gov/food/food-labeling- Nutrition. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJanuwari 4, 2021. Kufumaneka ngoFebruwari 18, 2021.

Iwebhusayithi yoLawulo lwezoKutya kunye nokuSebenzisa iziyobisi. Ilebhile yenyani entsha kunye nephuculweyo yeleyibhile- utshintsho olungundoqo www.fda.gov/media/99331/download. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJanuwari, 2018. Ifikeleleke ngoFebruwari 18, 2021.