Ityhefu yokunyanzeliswa

Isipilisi yimveliso esetyenziselwa ukususa iinwele ezingafunekiyo. Ityhefu yokunyanzeliswa kwenzeka xa umntu eginya le nto.

Eli nqaku lelolwazi kuphela. Sukuyisebenzisa ukunyanga okanye ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kwetyhefu eyiyo. Ukuba wena okanye umntu onaye une-exposure, fowunela inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911), okanye iziko lakho lendawo yetyhefu linokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba kwinombolo yasimahla yoNcedo lweTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na eUnited States.

Izithako eziyingozi kwizipilisi zizi:

• Isodiyam okanye ikhalsiyam hayidroksayidi (alkalis), eziyityhefu kakhulu
• I-Barium sulfide
• Iingqungquthela

Kusenokubakho ezinye izithako eziyityhefu kwiipilisi zokuhambisa izinto.

Ezi zithako zifunyenwe kwiipilisi ezahlukeneyo.

Iimpawu zetyhefu yokuphelisa zibandakanya:

• Intlungu zesisu
• Umbono omfiliba
• Ukuphefumla ubunzima
• Ukutshisa iintlungu emqaleni
• Ukutshisa iliso (ukuba ukhilimu oyidliso ungena kwiliso)
• Ukuwa (ukothuka)
• I-Coma (ukwehla kwenqanaba lokuqonda kunye nokusilela ekuphenduleni)
• Urhudo (amanzi, igazi)
• Ukutsala amathe
• Ukungakwazi ukuhamba ngesiqhelo
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi
• Akukho mveliso yomchamo
• Irhashalala
• Intetho egudileyo
• Isiphukuphuku (ukwehla kwenqanaba lokuqonda)
• Ukuhlanza

Funa uncedo lwezonyango kwangoko. MUSA ukumenza umntu aphose ngaphandle kokuba ulawula ityhefu okanye umniki-nkonzo akuyalela.

Ukuba umntu uginye isisu, mnike amanzi okanye ubisi kwangoko, ngaphandle kokuba umboneleli akakuxeleli. SUKUNIKE manzi okanye ubisi ukuba umntu uneempawu ezenza ukuba kube nzima ukuginya. Oku kubandakanya:

• Ukuhlanza
• Ukuxhuzula
• Inqanaba lokuncipha lokuqaphela

Ngaba olu lwazi lukulungele:

• Ubudala bomntu, ubunzima, kunye nemeko
• Igama lemveliso (izithako, ukuba ziyaziwa)
• Ixesha laliginyiwe
• Isixa siginyiwe

Iziko lakho lokulawula ityhefu lingafikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba wenombolo yasimahla yasimahla kuTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na e-United States. Inombolo yomnxeba kazwelonke iya kukuvumela ukuba uthethe neengcali kwiityhefu. Baza kukunika eminye imiyalelo.

Le yinkonzo yasimahla neyimfihlo. Onke amaziko olawulo lwetyhefu aseMelika asebenzisa le nombolo yesizwe. Kuya kufuneka ubize ukuba unemibuzo malunga netyhefu okanye ukuthintela ityhefu. AKUFUNI ukuba ibe yingxakeko. Ungatsalela umnxeba nangasiphi na isizathu, iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki.

Thatha isikhongozeli uhambe naso esibhedlele, ukuba kunokwenzeka.

Umboneleli uya kulinganisa kwaye abeke esweni iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zomntu, kubandakanya iqondo lobushushu, ukubetha kwentliziyo, inqanaba lokuphefumla, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Iimpawu ziya kunyangwa.

Umntu angafumana:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo
• Ukuxhasa ukuphefumla, kubandakanya ityhubhu ngomlomo ukuya emiphungeni kunye nomatshini wokuphefumla (i-ventilator)
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-ECG (i-electrocardiogram okanye ukulandelwa kwentliziyo)
• Ikhamera ye-Endoscopy ibekwe ezantsi emqaleni ukuze ibone ukutsha kwi-esophagus nakwisisu
• Ulwelo ngomthambo (ngo-IV)
• Ugqirha lokususa isikhumba esitshisiweyo (ukususwa)
• Ukuhlamba ulusu, mhlawumbi qho kwiiyure ezimbalwa kangangeentsuku ezininzi

Oku kunokuba yingozi kakhulu. Ukusebenza kakuhle komntu kuxhomekeke ekubeni uginye ityhefu kangakanani kwaye ufumana unyango ngokukhawuleza. Uncedo olukhawulezileyo lwezonyango lunikwa, ngcono ithuba lokuchacha.

Umonakalo omkhulu emlonyeni, emqaleni, nasesiswini kunokwenzeka. Umntu wenza njani kuxhomekeke ekubeni ungakanani na lo monakalo ukhona. Lo monakalo ungaqhubeka nokukhula kwi-esophagus (umbhobho wokutya) kunye nesisu kangangeeveki ezininzi emva kokuba imveliso iginyiwe. Ukuba kwenzeka umngxunya kula malungu, ukopha kakhulu kunye nosulelo kunokwenzeka.

Izinto zokususa iinwele ziyityhefu

IHoyte C. Caustics. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 148.

I-Pfau PR, iHancock SM. Amalungu angaphandle, ii-bezoars, kunye nokungenisa okubangela. Ku: UFeldman M, uFriedman LS, uBrandt LJ, ii-eds. Sleisenger kunye neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. Ngomhla we-10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 27.

UTomas SHL. Inetyhefu In: Ralston SH, ID Penman, Strachan MWJ, Hobson RP, eds. Imigaqo kaDavidson kunye nokuSebenza kweyeza. Umhla we-23. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 7.