Ukucoca ityhefu yokuvula

Ukucoca iiarhente zokuvula ziikhemikhali ezisetyenziselwa ukuvula iidreyini ezivalekileyo, rhoqo emakhayeni. Ukucoca ityhefu yearhente yokuvula inokwenzeka ukuba umntwana ngengozi usela ezi khemikhali, okanye ukuba umntu othile uthe watshiza ityhefu emehlweni xa eyigalela okanye ephefumla umphunga "wokugalela amagwebu" wokuvula amanzi.

Eli nqaku lelolwazi kuphela. SUKUYISETYENZISE ukunyanga okanye ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kwetyhefu uqobo. Ukuba wena okanye umntu onaye une-exposure, fowunela inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911), okanye iziko lakho lendawo yetyhefu linokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba kwinombolo yasimahla yoNcedo lweTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na eUnited States.

Izithako ezinetyhefu zibandakanya:

• Ihydrochloric acid
• I-Lye (i-sodium hydroxide okanye i-caustic soda)
• Potassium hayidroksayidi
• I-Sulfuric acid

Ezi khemikhali zifumaneka kwindawo yokucoca amanzi okanye kwimveliso yokuvula. Ezi arhente zinokubakho kweminye imithombo.

Ukucoca ityhefu evulekileyo kunokubangela iimpawu kwiindawo ezininzi zomzimba.

IGAZI

• Utshintsho olukhulu kumgangatho weasidi yegazi (pH balance), ekhokelela ekonakaleni kuwo onke amalungu omzimba

AMEHLO, IINDlebe, iimpumlo, nomqala

• Ukutshisa emehlweni, okunokubangela ukulahleka kombono ngokusisigxina
• Intlungu ebuhlungu emqaleni
• Intlungu ebukhali okanye ukutshisa empumlweni, amehlo, iindlebe, imilebe, okanye ulwimi

INKQUBO YE-GASTROINTESTINAL

• Igazi esitulweni
• Ukutsha kunye nemingxunya enokubakho emqaleni (esophagus)
• Iintlungu ezinzima zesisu
• Ukuhlanza
• Ukuphalaza igazi

INTSHAYELELO NENKQUBO YOKUJIKELELA

• Ukuwa
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi olukhula ngokukhawuleza (ukothuka)

AMANDLA NEENDLELA

• Ukuphefumla ubunzima (ukusuka ekuphefumleni kwindawo yokuvula iarhente)
• Ukudumba komqala (kunokubangela nobunzima bokuphefumla)

ULusu

• Ukutsha
• Imingxunya (necrosis) kulusu okanye kwizicwili ezingaphantsi
• Ukucaphuka

Funa uncedo lwezonyango KWAKUDE. MUSA ukumenza umntu aphose ngaphandle kokuba axelelwe ukuba enze njalo ngolawulo lwetyhefu okanye ngumboneleli wezempilo.

Ukuba imichiza isesikhumbeni okanye emehlweni, coca amanzi amaninzi ubuncinci imizuzu eli-15.

Ukuba imichiza iye yaginywa, khawuleza unike umntu amanzi okanye ubisi, ngaphandle kokuba uyalelwe ngenye indlela ngumboneleli. SUKUNIKE amanzi okanye ubisi ukuba umntu uneempawu (ezinjengokugabha, ukuxhuzula, okanye izinga lokuphaphela) elenza kubenzima ukuginya.

Ukuba umntu uphefumle ityhefu, mshukumisele kwangoko ukuya kumoya omtsha.

Fumana olu lwazi lulandelayo:

• Ubudala bomntu, ubunzima, kunye nemeko
• Igama lemveliso (kunye nezithako kunye namandla, ukuba kuyaziwa)
• Ixesha laliginyiwe
• Isixa siginyiwe

Iziko lakho lokulawula ityhefu lingafikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba wenombolo yasimahla yasimahla kuTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na e-United States. Inombolo yomnxeba kazwelonke iya kukuvumela ukuba uthethe neengcali kwiityhefu. Baza kukunika eminye imiyalelo.

Le yinkonzo yasimahla neyimfihlo. Onke amaziko olawulo lwetyhefu aseMelika asebenzisa le nombolo yesizwe. Kuya kufuneka ubize ukuba unemibuzo malunga netyhefu okanye ukuthintela ityhefu. AKUFUNI ukuba ibe yingxakeko. Ungatsalela umnxeba nangasiphi na isizathu, iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki.

Umboneleli uya kulinganisa kwaye abeke esweni iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zomntu, kubandakanya iqondo lobushushu, ukubetha kwentliziyo, inqanaba lokuphefumla, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Iimpawu ziya kuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo. Umntu angafumana:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo
• Ukuxhasa ukuphefumla, kubandakanya ioksijini ngokusebenzisa ityhubhu ukuya emiphungeni, kunye nomatshini wokuphefumla (i-ventilator)
• I-Bronchoscopy -ikhamera ezantsi komqala ukujonga ukutshisa kwindlela yomoya kunye nemiphunga (ukuba ityhefu ibifunwa)
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• ECG (ukulandelwa kwentliziyo)
• Ikhamera ye-Endoscopy ezantsi emqaleni ukujonga ukutsha kwi-esophagus nakwisisu
• Ulwelo ngomthambo (ngo-IV)
• Iyeza lokuguqula isiphumo setyhefu kunye nokunyanga iimpawu
• Ukususwa kotyando kolusu olutshisiweyo (ukomisa ulusu)
• Tube ngomlomo ungene esiswini ukukhupha (ukumunca) isisu. Oku kwenziwa kuphela xa umntu efumana unyango phakathi kwemizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-45 yetyhefu, kwaye inani elikhulu kakhulu leziyobisi liginyiwe.
• Ukuhlamba ulusu (ukunkcenkceshela) - mhlawumbi rhoqo kwiiyure ezimbalwa kwiintsuku ezininzi

Ukusebenza kakuhle komntu kuxhomekeke kubungakanani betyhefu aginye kunye nendlela unyango olukhawulezileyo olufunyanwa ngayo. Ngokukhawuleza umntu ufumana uncedo lwezonyango, ngcono ithuba lokufumana kwakhona.

Ukuba olu hlobo lwetyhefu lungena esweni, kunokuba yingozi kakhulu kwaye kube nzima ukulawula. Ukuphulukana nombono kuqhelekile.

Ukuginya ezo tyhefu kunokuba neziphumo ezibi kumalungu amaninzi omzimba. Ukutshiswa kwindlela yomoya okanye ithumbu lesisu kungakhokelela ekufeni kwethishu. Oku kunokubangela usulelo, ukothuka kunye nokufa, kwaneenyanga ezininzi emva kokuba into iginyiwe. Izicubu ezinqabileyo kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo zingakhokelela kwiingxaki zexesha elide ngokuphefumla, ukugwinya kunye nokwetyisa.

Ukucoca iiarhente zokuvula

IBlanc PD. Iimpendulo eziqinisekileyo kukuvezwa okunetyhefu. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, ii-eds. Incwadi kaMurray kunye neNadel yeyeza lokuphefumla. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 75.

IHoyte C. Caustics. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 148.