Ityhefu yecarbon monoxide

Ikharbon monoksayidi yirhasi engenavumba ebangela amawakawaka okusweleka kwabantu eMntla Merika. Ukuphefumla i-carbon monoxide kuyingozi kakhulu. Sesona sizathu siphambili sokubulala ityhefu eMelika.

Eli nqaku lelolwazi kuphela. SUKUYISETYENZISE ukunyanga okanye ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kwetyhefu uqobo. Ukuba wena okanye umntu onaye une-exposure, fowunela inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911), okanye iziko lakho lendawo yetyhefu linokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba kwinombolo yasimahla yoNcedo lweTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na eUnited States.

Ikharbon monoksayidi yimichiza eveliswa kukungagqitywa kokutsha kwegesi yendalo okanye ezinye iimveliso ezinekhabhon. Oku kubandakanya ukukhupha, ukufudumeza okungalunganga, imililo kunye nokukhutshwa kwefektri.

Ezi zinto zilandelayo zinokuvelisa icarbon monoxide:

• Nantoni na etshisa amalahle, ipetroli, iparafini, ioyile, ipropane, okanye iinkuni
• Iinjini zeemoto
• Amalahle amalahle (amalahle akufuneki atshiswe ngaphakathi)
• Iinkqubo zokufudumeza ngaphakathi neziphathekayo
• Izifudumezi ze propane eziphathekayo
• Izitovu (izitovu zangaphakathi nezenkampu)
• Izifudumezi zamanzi ezisebenzisa irhasi yendalo

Qaphela: Olu luhlu alunakubandakanya konke.

Xa uphefumla i-carbon monoxide, ityhefu ithatha indawo yeoksijini egazini lakho. Intliziyo yakho, ingqondo, kunye nomzimba ziya kulamba ngeoksijini.

Iimpawu ziyahluka kuye ngomntu. Abo basemngciphekweni omkhulu babandakanya abantwana abancinci, abantu abadala, abantu abanesifo semiphunga okanye sentliziyo, abantu abakwiindawo eziphakamileyo nabatshayayo. Ikharbon monoksayidi ingamenzakalisa umntwana ongekazalwa (usana olungekazalwa lusesesibelekweni).

Iimpawu zetyhefu ye-carbon monoxide zinokubandakanya:

• Iingxaki zokuphefumla, kubandakanya ukungaphefumli, ukuphefumla kancinci, okanye ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza
• Intlungu yesifuba (inokwenzeka ngesiquphe kubantu abane-angina)
• Coma
• Ukudideka
• Ukuxhuzula
• Ukuba nesiyezi
• Ukozela
• Ukufa isiqaqa
• Ukudinwa
• Ubuthathaka ngokubanzi kunye nokuqaqamba
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukusebenza kakhulu
• Umgwebo ongalunganga
• Ukucaphuka
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha
• Ukukhawuleza kwentliziyo okanye okungaqhelekanga
• Umothuko
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• Ukungabikho zingqondweni

Izilwanyana nazo zinetyhefu yicarbon monoxide. Abantu abanezilwanyana ezifuywayo ekhaya banokuqaphela ukuba izilwanyana zabo zibuthathaka okanye zingaphenduli ngenxa yokuvezwa yi-carbon monoxide. Rhoqo izilwanyana zasekhaya ziya kugula phambi kwabantu.

Kuba uninzi lwezi mpawu lunokwenzeka ngezifo zentsholongwane, icarbon monoxide yetyhefu ihlala ididekile nezi meko. Oku kunokukhokelela kulibaziseko ekufumaneni uncedo.

Ukuba umntu uphefumle ityhefu, msuse kwangoko uye kumoya omtsha. Khangela unyango ngokukhawuleza.

UKUTHINTELWA

Faka umtshini wekhabhon monoksayidi kumgangatho ngamnye wekhaya lakho. Beka isixhobo sokujonga esongezelelweyo kufutshane nasiphi na isixhobo esikhulu esitshisa igesi (njengesithando somlilo okanye isifudumezi samanzi).

Iityhefu ezininzi zecarbon monoxide zenzeka kwiinyanga zasebusika xa kusetyenziswa iifanishi, indawo yokubasa igesi kunye nezifudumezi eziphathwayo kwaye iifestile zivaliwe. Yiba nezifudumezi kunye nezixhobo ezitshisa irhasi ezihlolwa rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba zikhuselekile ukuzisebenzisa.

Olu lwazi lulandelayo luluncedo kuncedo olungxamisekileyo:

• Ubudala bomntu, ubunzima, kunye nemeko (umzekelo, ngaba umntu uvukile okanye ulumkile?)
• Kuya kude kube nini bevezwa yi-carbon monoxide, ukuba bayaziwa

Nangona kunjalo, SUKULIBAZA ukucela uncedo ukuba olu lwazi alufumaneki ngokukhawuleza.

Iziko lakho lendawo yetyhefu linokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba wasimahla kwiNombolo yoNcedo (1-800-222-1222) naphi na eUnited States. Baza kukunika eminye imiyalelo.

Le yinkonzo yasimahla neyimfihlo. Onke amaziko olawulo lwetyhefu aseMelika asebenzisa le nombolo yesizwe. Kuya kufuneka ubize ukuba unemibuzo malunga netyhefu okanye ukuthintela ityhefu. Ungabiza iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kulinganisa kwaye abeke esweni iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zomntu, kubandakanya iqondo lobushushu, ukubetha kwentliziyo, inqanaba lokuphefumla, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Umntu angafumana:

• Inkxaso yomoya, kubandakanya ioksijini, ityhubhu yokuphefumla ngomlomo (intubation), kunye nomatshini wokuphefumla (i-ventilator)
• Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• EKG (i-electrocardiogram, okanye ukulandelwa kwentliziyo)
• Ulwelo ngomthambo (efakwa ngaphakathi okanye IV)
• Unyango lweoksijini lwehyperbaric (ioksijini ephezulu enikwe kwigumbi elikhethekileyo)
• Amayeza okunyanga iimpawu

Ityhefu yecarbon monoxide inokubangela ukufa. Kwabo basindayo, ukuchacha kuhamba kancinci. Ukusebenza kakuhle komntu kuxhomekeke kubungakanani kunye nobude bokuchazwa kwi-carbon monoxide. Ukonakala okungapheliyo kwengqondo kunokwenzeka.

Ukuba umntu usaphazamisekile engqondweni emva kweeveki ezi-2, ithuba lokuba achache ngokupheleleyo libi. Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunokuphinda kuvele emva kokuba umntu engenazimpawu kangangeeveki ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2.

IChristiani DC. Ukwenzakala komzimba kunye nemichiza emiphungeni. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Umhla wama-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 94.

UNelson LS, uHoffman RS. Ukungenisa ityhefu. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 153.

UPincus MR, uBluth MH, uAbraham NZ. I-Toxicology kunye nokubeka iliso kunyango lweziyobisi. Ku: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, ii-eds. Ukuchongwa kweKlinikhi kaHenry kunye noLawulo ngeendlela zeLebhu. Umhla we-23. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 23.