Isolder ityhefu

Solder isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa iingcingo zombane okanye ezinye izinto zesinyithi kunye. Ityhefu eSolder yenzeka xa umntu eginye i-solder ngesixa esikhulu. Ukutsha kwesikhumba kunokwenzeka ukuba i-solder ichukumisa ulusu.

Eli nqaku lelolwazi kuphela. SUKUYISETYENZISE ukunyanga okanye ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kwetyhefu uqobo. Ukuba wena okanye umntu onaye une-exposure, fowunela inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911), okanye iziko lakho lendawo yetyhefu linokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba kwinombolo yasimahla yoNcedo lweTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na eUnited States.

Izinto kwi-solder ezinokuba yingozi zezi:

• Imvano
• IBismuth
• Cadmium
• Ubhedu
• I-ethylene glycol
• Khokela
• Ii-asidi ezincinci
• Isilivere
• Tin
• Izinki

I-Solder iqulethe ezi zinto. Inokuqulatha nezinye izinto eziyingozi.

Iimpawu zokukhokela:

I-bladder kunye neenyawo

• Umonakalo wezintso

AMEHLO, IINDlebe, iimpumlo, UMLOMO NOMQOLO

• Incasa yentsimbi
• Iingxaki zombono
• Amehlo atyheli (jaundice)
• Ukuphulukana nokuva

ISisu kunye namathumbu

• Intlungu zesisu
• Ukuqunjelwa
• Urhudo
• Ukunxanwa okugqithisileyo
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• Ukuhlanza
• Ukuhla ukusinda

INTLIZIYO NEGAZI

• Ukuwa
• Igazi elonyukayo
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (ukothuka)

KOMSIba KUNYE NEJOLETS

• Ukukhubazeka
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha
• Ukudinwa
• Ubuthathaka
• Intlungu edibeneyo

INKQUBO YENKONZO

• I-Coma (ukwehla kwenqanaba lokuqonda kunye nokusilela ekuphenduleni)
• Ukudideka
• Imincili
• Ukuba nemibono
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukucaphuka
• Ukungabikho komnqweno wokwenza nantoni na
• Ubunzima bokulala
• Ukungcangcazela
• Ukujijisa
• Ukuhamba okungahambelaniyo
• Ukuxhuzula (ukuxhuzula)

ULusu

• Ulusu oluthuthu
• Isikhumba esimthubi (i-jaundice)

Iimpawu zetin kunye ne-zinc chloride:

I-bladder kunye neenyawo

• Ukuncipha kwemveliso yomchamo
• Akukho mveliso yomchamo

AMEHLO, IINDlebe, iimpumlo, UMLOMO NOMQOLO

• Ukutsha emlonyeni nasemqaleni
• Amehlo amthubi (icterus)

ISisu kunye namathumbu

• Urhudo
• Ukuhlanza

ULusu

• Isikhumba esimthubi (i-jaundice)

Iimpawu ze-ethylene glycol:

• Ukuphazamiseka kumlinganiso weasidi yegazi (kunokukhokelela ekusileleni kwamalungu amaninzi)
• Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso

Iimpawu zecadmium:

• Umonakalo wezintso
• Ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwengqondo okanye ubukrelekrele
• Ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwemiphunga
• Ukuthanjiswa kwamathambo kunye nokusilela kwezintso

Iimpawu zebismuth:

• Urhudo
• Ukucaphuka kwamehlo
• Isifo seentsini (gingivitis)
• Umonakalo wezintso
• Incindi yentsimbi
• Ukukhathazeka kwesikhumba

Iimpawu zesilivere:

• Umbala omnyama-ngwevu wolusu kunye neencindi zomhlathana
• Iidipozithi zesilivere emehlweni

Iimpawu ze-antimony:

• Ukutsha kwemichiza
• Uxinzelelo
• Ukuba nesiyezi
• I-eczema (ukoma kolusu kunye nokucaphuka)
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukurhawuzelela inwebu yangaphakathi (umlomo, impumlo)
• Iingxaki zesisu

Iimpawu zobhedu:

• Intlungu zesisu
• Urhudo
• Ukuhlanza
• Intliziyo, izintso, kunye nokusilela kwesibindi (engaqhelekanga)
• Ukudideka (okungaqhelekanga)
• Ifiva

Fumana uncedo lwezonyango kwangoko. MUSA ukumenza umntu aphose ngaphandle kokuba ulawula ityhefu okanye umniki-nkonzo akuyalela. Ukuba i-solder isesikhumbeni okanye emehlweni, coca amanzi amaninzi ubuncinci imizuzu eyi-15.

Ukuba i-solder iginyiwe, nikeza umntu amanzi kwangoko, ngaphandle kokuba uyalelwe ngenye indlela ngumboneleli. SUKUNIKE amanzi ukuba umntu uneempawu (ezinjengokugabha, ukuxhuzula, okanye inqanaba lokuncipha) elenza kube nzima ukuginya.

Chonga olu lwazi lulandelayo:

• Ubudala bomntu, ubunzima, kunye nemeko
• Igama lemveliso (kunye nezithako, ukuba ziyaziwa)
• Ixesha laliginyiwe
• Isixa siginyiwe

Iziko lakho lokulawula ityhefu lingafikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba wenombolo yasimahla yasimahla kuTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na e-United States. Inombolo yomnxeba kazwelonke iya kukuvumela ukuba uthethe neengcali kwiityhefu. Baza kukunika eminye imiyalelo.

Le yinkonzo yasimahla neyimfihlo. Onke amaziko olawulo lwetyhefu aseMelika asebenzisa le nombolo yesizwe. Kuya kufuneka ubize ukuba unemibuzo malunga netyhefu okanye ukuthintela ityhefu. AKUFUNI ukuba ibe yingxakeko. Ungatsalela umnxeba nangasiphi na isizathu, iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki.

Thatha isikhongozeli uhambe naso esibhedlele, ukuba kunokwenzeka.

Umboneleli uya kulinganisa kwaye abeke esweni iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zomntu, kubandakanya iqondo lobushushu, ukubetha kwentliziyo, inqanaba lokuphefumla, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo
• I-Bronchoscopy-ikhamera ezantsi komqala ukujonga ukutsha kwi-airways nasemiphungeni
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-ECG (i-electrocardiogram okanye ukulandelwa kwentliziyo)
• Ikhamera ye-Endoscopy ezantsi emqaleni ukujonga ukutsha kwi-esophagus nakwisisu

Unyango lunokubandakanya:

• Ulwelo ngomthambo (ngo-IV)
• Iyeza (iyeza) ukubuyisa umva isiphumo setyhefu
• Amalahle avuselelweyo
• Tube ngomlomo ungene esiswini ukuze uhlambe isisu (ukuhlamba isisu)
• Ukuhlamba ulusu (ukunkcenkceshela), mhlawumbi rhoqo kwiiyure ezimbalwa kwiintsuku ezininzi
• Utyando lokususa isikhumba esitshisiweyo
• Ukuxhasa ukuphefumla, kubandakanya ityhubhu ngomlomo ukuya emiphungeni kwaye uqhagamshele kumatshini wokuphefumla (i-ventilator)
• I-Dialysis (umatshini wezintso)

Ukusebenza kakuhle komntu kuxhomekeke kubungakanani betyhefu eginyileyo kunye nokuba unyango lufunyanwa ngokukhawuleza kangakanani. Uncedo olukhawulezileyo lwezonyango lunikwa, ngcono ithuba lokuchacha.

Iziphumo zixhomekeke kuhlobo lwetyhefu eginyiwe:

• I-Ethylene glycol inetyhefu enkulu.
• Ukufumana ngokupheleleyo ukubuyisa ityhefu yelothe kuthatha unyaka okanye nangaphezulu. Ingabangela ukonakala kwengqondo okungapheliyo.
• Ukuba inani le-zinc okanye le-tin eliginyiweyo liphantsi, ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo kufuneka kwenzeke kwisithuba seeyure ezi-6.
• Utshintsho kumbala wolusu ngenxa yetyhefu yesilivere isigxina.
• Ityhefu yexesha elide ene-antimony kunye ne-cadmium inokukhokelela kumhlaza wemiphunga.
• Ukuchacha kwi-asidi yetyhefu kuxhomekeke ekubeni zingakanani izicwili ezonakalisiweyo.

Ukuginya ezo tyhefu kunokuba neziphumo ezibi kumalungu amaninzi omzimba. Ukutshiswa kwindlela yomoya okanye kwithumbu kunokukhokelela kwi-necrosis yethishu, okukhokelela kusulelo, ukothuka kunye nokufa kwinyanga ezininzi emva kokuba into iginyiwe okokuqala. Amabala anokuvela kwezi zihlunu zikhokelela kubunzima bexesha elide ngokuphefumla, ukugwinya kunye nokwetyisa.

UNelson ME. Iziselo ezinxilisayo. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 141.

UTheobald JL, uMycyk MB. Intsimbi kunye nezinyithi ezinzima. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 151.