Utyando lwentliziyo ngokudlula

Utyando lokudlula kwentliziyo lwenza indlela entsha, ebizwa ngokuba kukudlula, ukuze igazi kunye neoksijini zijikeleze ukuthintela ukufikelela entliziyweni yakho.

Ngaphambi kotyando lwakho, uya kufumana i-anesthesia ngokubanzi. Uya kuba ulele (ungazi nto) kwaye ungenazintlungu ngexesha lotyando.

Nje ukuba ungabikho zingqondweni, ugqirha wentliziyo uya kwenza i-8 ukuya kwi-intshi eziyi-10 (20.5 ukuya ku-25.5 cm) ukusika phakathi esifubeni sakho. Isifuba sakho sesifuba siya kwahlulwa senze ukuvula. Oku kuvumela ugqirha wakho ukuba abone intliziyo yakho kunye ne-aorta, elona gazi liphambili elisuka entliziyweni liye kuwo wonke umzimba.

Uninzi lwabantu abanotyando lwe-coronary bypass luqhagamshelwe kumatshini we-heart-lung bypass, okanye impompo yokudlula.

• Intliziyo yakho imisiwe ngelixa uqhagamshele kulo matshini.
• Lo matshini wenza umsebenzi wentliziyo yakho kunye nemiphunga ngelixa intliziyo yakho imisiwe kuqhaqho. Lo matshini wongeza ioksijini egazini lakho, uhambisa igazi emzimbeni wakho, ususe nekhabhon diokside.

Olunye uhlobo lotyando oludlulayo alusebenzisi umatshini wokudlula kwentliziyo-lung. Inkqubo yenziwa ngelixa intliziyo yakho ibetha. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukupompo lwe-coronary artery bypass, okanye i-OPCAB.

Ukwenza i-grafti yokudlula:

• Ugqirha uya kuthatha umthambo okanye umthambo kwilungu elinye lomzimba wakho awusebenzise ukwenza ujikeleze (okanye ufakelo) ujikeleze indawo evaliweyo kumthambo wakho. Ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa umthambo, obizwa ngokuba ngumthambo we-saphenous, emlenzeni wakho.
• Ukufikelela kulo mthambo, utyando luza kwenziwa ngaphakathi komlenze wakho, phakathi kweqatha lakho kunye nokugcuma. Isiphelo esinye sokudityaniswa siya kuthungwa kumthambo wakho wecoronary. Elinye icala liya kuthungwa kuvulo olwenziwe kwi-aorta yakho.
• Umthambo wegazi esifubeni sakho, obizwa ngokuba ngumthambo wangaphakathi we-mammary (IMA), unokusetyenziswa njengegrafti. Isiphelo esinye somthambo sele sixhunyiwe kwisebe le-aorta yakho. Elinye icala liqhotyoshelwe kumthambo wakho wecoronary.
• Eminye imithambo ingasetyenziselwa ukufakela ngokudlula kutyando. Eyona ixhaphakileyo yimithambo eradial engalweni yakho.

Emva kokuba ukudityaniswa kwenziwe, isifuba sakho siya kuvalwa ngeengcingo. Ezi ngcingo zihlala ngaphakathi kuwe. Ukusikwa kotyando kuya kuvalwa ngemithungo.

Olu tyando lunokuthatha iiyure ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6. Emva kotyando, uya kusiwa kwigumbi labagula kakhulu.

Unokuyidinga le nkqubo ukuba unebhlokhi enye okanye nangaphezulu kwimithambo yakho yemithambo. Imithambo yegazi yimithambo ebonelela ngentliziyo yakho ngeoksijini kunye nezondlo ezihanjiswa egazini lakho.

Xa omnye okanye nangaphezulu wee-coronary arteries ziba yinxalenye okanye zivalwe ngokupheleleyo, intliziyo yakho ayifumani gazi laneleyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba sisifo sentliziyo, okanye isifo semithambo (CAD). Ingabangela iintlungu zesifuba (angina).

Umthambo weCoronary ngokudlula kotyando unokusetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni yakho. Ugqirha wakho usenokuba uqale wazama ukukuphatha ngamayeza. Usenokuba uzame ukuzivocavoca kunye nokutshintsha kokutya, okanye i-angioplasty nge-stenting.

I-CAD yahlukile kumntu kumntu. Indlela efunyaniswe kwaye inyangwa ngayo iya kwahluka. Utyando lokudlula kwentliziyo luhlobo olunye lonyango.

Ezinye iinkqubo ezinokusetyenziswa:

• I-Angioplasty kunye nokubekwa kwesitent
• Utyando lwentliziyo olugqithisileyo-olungenayo intsholongwane encinci

Iingozi zalo naluphi na utyando zibandakanya:

• Ukopha
• Usulelo
• Ukufa

Imingcipheko enokubakho ekubeni utyando lwe-coronary bypass lubandakanya:

• Usulelo, kubandakanya usulelo lwenxeba esifubeni, olunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba utyebile, unesifo seswekile, okanye sele wenze olu tyando
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Ukubetha
• Iingxaki zesingqi sentliziyo
• Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso
• Ukungaphumeleli kwemiphunga
• Uxinzelelo kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu
• Umkhuhlane ophantsi, ukudinwa, kunye nentlungu yesifuba, kunye ezibizwa ngokuba yi-postpericardiotomy syndrome, enokuhlala ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-6
• Ukuphulukana nenkumbulo, ukulahleka kokucaca kwengqondo, okanye "ukucinga okungacacanga"

Soloko uxelela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba zeziphi iziyobisi ozithathayo, nditsho neziyobisi okanye amayeza owathengileyo ngaphandle kommiselo.

Ngexesha leentsuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho:

• Ngexesha leveki e-1 ngaphambi kotyando, unokucelwa ukuba uyeke ukuthatha iziyobisi ezenza kube nzima kwigazi lakho ukuba lijiye. Oku kunokubangela ukwanda kwegazi ngexesha lotyando. Babandakanya iasprini, ibuprofen (efana neAdvil neMotrin), naproxen (efana neAleve neNaprosyn), kunye nezinye iziyobisi ezifanayo. Ukuba uthatha i-clopidogrel (Plavix), thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba uyeke nini ukuyithatha.
• Buza ukuba zeziphi iziyobisi ekufuneka uzithathile ngosuku lotyando.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, zama ukuyeka. Cela uncedo kumboneleli wakho.
• Nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho ukuba unokubanda, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, ukuphuma kweherpes, okanye nasiphi na esinye isifo.
• Lungisa ikhaya lakho ukuze uhambe ngokulula xa ubuya esibhedlele.

Usuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho:

• Ukuhlamba kunye ne-shampoo kakuhle.
• Unokucelwa ukuba uhlambe umzimba wakho wonke ngaphantsi kwentamo yakho ngesepha ekhethekileyo. Khuhla isifuba sakho amaxesha ama-2 okanye ama-3 ngale sepha.
• Qiniseka ukuba uzomisile.

Ngomhla wotyando:

• Uya kucelwa ukuba ungaseli okanye utye nantoni na emva kobusuku ezinzulwini zobusuku ngaphambi kotyando lwakho. Hlamba umlomo wakho ngamanzi ukuba uziva womile, kodwa lumka ungaginyeki.
• Thatha nawaphi na amayeza oxelelwe ukuba uwathabathe ngesiphuzo esincinci samanzi.

Uzakuxelelwa ukuba ufike nini esibhedlele.

Emva kotyando, uya kuchitha iintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-7 esibhedlele. Uya kuchitha ubusuku bokuqala kwigumbi labagula kakhulu (ICU). Uya kusiwa kwigumbi lokunyamekelwa eliqhelekileyo okanye elinotshintsho ngaphakathi kweeyure ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-48 emva kwenkqubo.

Imibhobho emibini ukuya kwemithathu iya kuba sesifubeni sakho ukukhupha ulwelo olujikeleze intliziyo yakho. Zihlala zisuswa kwiintsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 emva kotyando.

Unokuba ne-catheter (ityhubhu eguqukayo) kwisinyi sakho ukucoca umchamo. Unokuba nemigca ye-intravenous (IV) yolwelo. Uya kuqhotyoshelwa koomatshini ababeka esweni ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho, ubushushu nokuphefumla kwakho. Abongikazi baya kuhlala bejonga iimonitha zakho.

Unokuba neengcingo ezincinci ezincinci ezixhunyiwe kwi-pacemaker, ezikhutshelwa ngaphambi kokukhutshwa kwakho.

Uya kukhuthazwa ukuba uqalise kwakhona eminye imisebenzi kwaye ungaqala inkqubo yokubuyisela kwintliziyo ngaphakathi kweentsuku ezimbalwa.

Kuthatha iiveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 ukuqala ukuziva ubhetele emva kotyando. Ababoneleli bakho baya kukuxelela indlela yokuzikhathalela ekhaya emva kotyando.

Ukuchacha kutyando kuthabatha ixesha. Awunakho ukuzibona izibonelelo ezipheleleyo zotyando lwakho iinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6. Uninzi lwabantu abaneentliziyo ezingaphaya kokuhlinzwa, iigrafti zihlala zivulekile kwaye zisebenza kakuhle iminyaka emininzi.

Olu tyando aluthinteli ukubhloka kwemithambo yegazi ekubuyeni. Unokwenza izinto ezininzi ukuyicothisa le nkqubo, kubandakanya:

• Akatshayi
• Ukutya ukutya okunesifo sentliziyo
• Ukwenza umthambo rhoqo
• Ukunyanga uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu
• Ukulawula iswekile yegazi ephezulu (ukuba unesifo seswekile) kunye ne-cholesterol ephezulu

Impompo ye-coronary artery yokudlula; I-OPCAB; Ukubetha utyando lwentliziyo; Utyando lweBypass - intliziyo; ICABG; Umthambo weCoronary udlula kumiliselo; Umthambo wecoronary ugqitha ngotyando; Utyando ngokudlula kwiCoronary; Imithambo yegazi yeCoronary - CABG; I-CAD - CABG; UAngina - CABG

• Angina - ukubhobhoza
• UAngina-yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho
• UAngina - xa unentlungu esifubeni
• I-Angioplasty kunye ne-stent-heart-discharge
• Iziyobisi Antiplatelet - P2Y12 inhibitors
• I-Aspirin kunye nesifo sentliziyo
• Ukhuseleko kwigumbi lokuhlambela kubantu abadala
• Ukusebenza emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Ukusebenza xa unesifo senhliziyo
• Ibhotolo, imajarini neeoli zokupheka
• Ukucinywa kwentliziyo - ukukhutshwa
• Cholesterol kunye nendlela yokuphila
• Cholesterol - unyango lweziyobisi
• Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu
• Kuchazwe amafutha ezempilo
• Iingcebiso zokutya okukhawulezayo
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo - ukukhutshwa
• Ukuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo- ukubuza ugqirha
• Utyando lokudlula kwentliziyo-ukukhutshwa
• Isifo sentliziyo - umngcipheko
• Intliziyo pacemaker - ukubhobhoza
• Ufunda njani iilebheli zokutya
• Ukutya okunetyuwa encinci
• Ukutya kweMeditera
• Ukuthintela ukuwa
• Unonophelo lwenxeba lotyando - luvulekile
• Xa unesicaphucaphu nokugabha

• Intliziyo - umbono wangaphambili
• Imithambo yentliziyo engasemva
• Imithambo yentliziyo engaphambili
• I-atherosclerosis
• Utyando lokudlula kwentliziyo-uthotho
• Intliziyo yokudlula kwindlela yotyando

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