Ukuphalaza igazi

Ukuphalaza igazi kukuphinda (ukuphosa) iziqulatho zesisu esinegazi.

Igazi elihlanjululweyo linokubonakala libomvu, libomvu, okanye libukeke njengendawo yekhofi. Izinto ezigabileyo zinokudityaniswa nokutya okanye kungaba ligazi kuphela.

Kunokuba nzima ukuxela umahluko phakathi kokugabha igazi nokukhohlela igazi (ukusuka emiphungeni) okanye ukuphuma kweempumlo.

Iimeko ezibangela ukugabha igazi nazo zinokubangela igazi esitulweni.

Indawo ephezulu ye-GI (isisu) ibandakanya umlomo, umqala, umqala (ukugwinya ityhubhu), isisu kunye ne-duodenum (inxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancinci). Igazi elihlanzwayo lingavela nakweyiphi na kwezi ndawo.

Ukuphalaza okunamandla kakhulu okanye okuqhubekayo ixesha elide kunokubangela iinyembezi kwimithambo yegazi encinci yomqala. Oku kunokuvelisa imigca yegazi emhlanzweni.

Imithambo edumbileyo eludongeni lwendawo engezantsi yomqala, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha isisu, sinokuqalisa ukopha. Le mithambo (ibizwa ngokuba yi-varices) ikhona kubantu abanomonakalo omkhulu wesibindi.

Ukuphindaphinda ukugabha nokuphinda kunokubangela ukopha kunye nomonakalo kumqala ongezantsi obizwa ngokuba yiMallory Weiss iinyembezi.

Ezinye izizathu zinokubandakanya:

• Isilonda segazi esiswini, inxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancinci, okanye umqala
• Ukuphazamiseka kwegazi
• Iziphene kwimithambo yegazi yephecana le-GI
• Ukuvuvukala, ukucaphuka, okanye ukuvuvukala kwe-esophagus lining (esophagitis) okanye isisu esiswini (gastritis)
• Ukuginya igazi (umzekelo, emva kokuphuma kweempumlo)
• Ukudumba komlomo, umqala, isisu okanye umqala

Fumana unyango ngokukhawuleza. Ukuphalaza igazi kunokubangelwa yingxaki yonyango.

Tsalela umnxeba umboneleli wakho okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ukuba kwenzeka ukugabha kwegazi. Uya kudinga ukuvavanywa kwangoko.

Umboneleli uya kukuvavanya kwaye abuze imibuzo efana nale:

• Kwaqala nini ukugabha?
• Wakha wagabha igazi ngaphambili?
• Lingakanani igazi ebeligabhile?
• Lalinjani igazi? (Ekhanyayo okanye ebomvu ebomvu okanye njengekhofi?)
• Ngaba ukhe waneempumlo zeempumlo, utyando, umsebenzi wamazinyo, ukugabha, iingxaki zesisu, okanye ukukhohlela kakhulu?
• Zeziphi ezinye iimpawu onazo?
• Zeziphi iimeko zonyango onazo?
• Ngawaphi amayeza owasebenzisayo?
• Ngaba uyasela utywala okanye uyatshaya?

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• Umsebenzi wegazi, njengobalo olupheleleyo lwegazi (CBC), iikhemistri zegazi, iimvavanyo zokunqanda igazi, kunye novavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi
• I-Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) (ukubeka ityhubhu ekhanyayo emlonyeni ukuya kwisisu, isisu kunye ne-duodenum)
• Uviwo olufileyo
• Ithubhu ngeempumlo ungene esiswini emva koko ufake isitshixo ukujonga igazi esiswini
• X-reyi

Ukuba uhlanze igazi elininzi, unokufuna unyango olungxamisekileyo. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• Ulawulo lweoksijini
• Utofelo-gazi
• I-EGD ngokusetyenziswa kwelaser okanye ezinye iindlela zokumisa ukopha
• Ulwelo ngomthambo
• Amayeza okunciphisa isisu esiswini
• Utyando olunokwenzeka ukuba ukopha akuyeki

IHematemesis; Igazi emhlanzweni

IiKovacs TO, iJensen DM. Ukuphuma kwegazi emathunjini. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Umhla wama-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahl. 135.

Meguerdichian DA, Goralnick E.Ukuphuma kwegazi emathunjini. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 27.

Ugcina i-TJ, iJensen DM. Ukopha emathunjini. Ku: UFeldman M, uFriedman LS, uBrandt LJ, ii-eds. Sleisenger kunye neFordtran's Amathumbu kunye nezifo zesibindi: iPathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. Ngomhla we-10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 20.