Ukuthintela iiOpioids ayikuthinteli iziyobisi. Yenzakalisa Abantu Abazifunayo

Umxholo

• U-Purdue uxelele aba gqirha ukuba kukho ichiza elisebenzayo, elinganyanzelekanga elibizwa ngokuba yi-Oxycontin ekulungele ukusombulula ingxaki. Ukuba kuphela.
• Kodwa ukuphumeza ezo zithintelo kungekuphela nje kokungaqondani nengxaki ye-opioid uqobo - {textend} iyakuba yingozi kwizigulana ezinganyangekiyo neziqaqambayo.
• Into eyenzekayo kukuba, sele sinezithintelo kwimimiselo ye-opioid, kodwa akukho nto ibonisa ukuba bathintela umlutha kunye nayo yonke into ebonisa ukuba bayabenzakalisa abaguli abanganyangekiyo.
• Kwangokunjalo, ukusebenzisa kakubi amayeza kagqirha kukhuselekile kunokusebenzisa gwenxa iziyobisi “ezitalatweni,” nokuba umntu akasosigulana sineentlungu ezingapheliyo kodwa unengxaki yokusebenzisa i-opioid.

Ubhubhane lwe-opioid alukho lula njengoko lwenziwe. Nasi isizathu.

Ukuqala kwam ukungena kwivenkile yokutyela abaguli apho ndandizokuhlala khona kwinyanga elandelayo, iqela lamadoda elalikwiminyaka engama-50 ubudala lajonga kum, lajongana, lathi ngazwi-nye, “Oxy.”

Ndandineminyaka engama-23 ngelo xesha. Kwakukubheja okukhuselekileyo ukuba nabani na ongaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 kunyango wayelapho, ubuncinci ngenxalenye yokusebenzisa kakubi i-OxyContin. Ngelixa ndandilapho ngenxa yotywala obudala obudala, ndakhawuleza ndasiqonda isizathu sokuba benze loo ngcinga.

KwakungoJanuwari ka-2008. Kwakuloo nyaka, oogqirha baseUnited States babebhala inani elipheleleyo lemiyalelo ye-opioid ngomyinge wama-78.2 kubantu abali-100.

Amandla aqhubayo emva kwala manani yayinguPurdue Pharma, abenzi beOioContin yeopioid elikhoboka kakhulu, igama leOxycodone. Inkampani ichithe iibhiliyoni zeedola ukuthengisa iyeza ngaphandle kokuxela ibali elipheleleyo, isoyikisa oogqirha ukuba baqhuba iintlungu.

U-Purdue uxelele aba gqirha ukuba kukho ichiza elisebenzayo, elinganyanzelekanga elibizwa ngokuba yi-Oxycontin ekulungele ukusombulula ingxaki. Ukuba kuphela.

Siyazi ngoku ukuba yiyiphi iPurdue eyazi ngoko: OxyContin ngu umlutha kakhulu, ngakumbi kwiidosi eziphezulu iiPurdue reps zazikhuthaza oogqirha ukuba babayale. Kungenxa yoko le nto iziko lam lonyango laligcwele abantu abakwishumi elivisayo, i-20s, kunye ne-30s, ababelikhoboka le-OxyContin.

Ukuchazwa okugqithisileyo kwe-opioids kwi-2012, eyabona imigqaliselo ebhaliweyo e-United States, ngokulingana nemigqaliselo engama-81.3 ebhalwe ngabantu abayi-100.

Ubungangamsha bezenzo zePurdue, kunye nokuchazwa okuyingozi okubangelwe sisiphumo, kuhlala kutheni- {textend} xa abezopolitiko bethetha ngokujongana nengxaki ye-opioid - {textend} baqala ngokuthetha ngokuphumeza izithintelo kwimimiselo yeopioid.

Kodwa ukuphumeza ezo zithintelo kungekuphela nje kokungaqondani nengxaki ye-opioid uqobo - {textend} iyakuba yingozi kwizigulana ezinganyangekiyo neziqaqambayo.

Ngo-2012, enye yeendlela zokuqhubela ubhubhane yayingu-opioids, kodwa oko akuzange kube njalo malunga neminyaka esixhenxe. Nje ukuba oogqirha baqonde amandla okulutha kwala machiza, ngakumbi i-OxyContin, bakumiselweyo.

Imiyalelo ye-Opioid yehlile minyaka le ukusukela nge-2012, kodwa inani lokufa okunxulumene ne-opioid liyaqhubeka nokukhula. Ngo-2017, kwakukho ukufa kwabantu abangama-47,600 e-opioid e-United States. Ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha (17,029) sabo babandakanya i-opioids yonyango.

Ngapha koko, uphando lubonisa uninzi lwabantu abasebenzisa gwenxa amayeza opioids sukuyenza uzifumane kugqirha, kodwa endaweni yokusebenzisa gwenxa amayeza abelwe usapho okanye abahlobo.

Ke, kutheni le nto ikhona? Abantu abaneenjongo ezintle banokubuza, "Ukuba ngaba ii-opioid zokumiselwa zinento encinci yokwenza nesifo se-opioid, ayibanqandi into elungileyo?"

Into eyenzekayo kukuba, sele sinezithintelo kwimimiselo ye-opioid, kodwa akukho nto ibonisa ukuba bathintela umlutha kunye nayo yonke into ebonisa ukuba bayabenzakalisa abaguli abanganyangekiyo.

UTrish Randall, onesifo esinganyangekiyo esivela kwimeko enqabileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-pancreas divisum, uchaza ukuba kwi-opioid yexesha elide, enedosi ephezulu ejongene "nenqanaba lokurhanelwa lokubulala."

Ucacisa ezinye zezi zithintelo kwisihluzi:

“Isigulana kufuneka sihambelane nemiqathango efana nemiyalelo yamaphepha kuphela, singangeni kwiifowuni; Ukuqeshwa komntu buqu rhoqo ngeentsuku ezingama-28; kunye nokuvavanywa komchamo kunye nokubalwa kwepilisi nakweyiphi na okanye kuyo yonke into yokuqeshwa, okanye kwisaziso seeyure ezingama-24 ngalo naliphi na ixesha ndifumana umnxeba. Mnye kuphela ugqirha kunye nekhemesti enye enokujongana nemigqaliselo. Ezinye iimeko azinakho ukubandakanya imidiza, utywala okanye iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni (kwinkolelo yokuba izigulana kufuneka zingakhuthazwa ukuba ziyeke ukuba likhoboka), kwaye kufuneke baye kwizifundo zengqondo okanye zengqondo. ”

Xa i-opioid yonyango ingabandakanyeki ekufeni okuninzi okunxulumene ne-opioid, ikhohlakele ukudala izithintelo ezithintela abantu abaneentlungu ezingapheliyo ekufumaneni isiqabu abasifunayo.

Xa kuthintelwa izithintelo kwabo baneentlungu ezingapheliyo kwaye abakwazi ukufumana amayeza abawadingayo, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokuba bajike kwi-opioids yentengiso emnyama njenge-heroin okanye i-fentanyl eyenziweyo. Kwaye la machiza anomngcipheko ophezulu kakhulu wokudlula ngaphezulu.

Kwangokunjalo, ukusebenzisa kakubi amayeza kagqirha kukhuselekile kunokusebenzisa gwenxa iziyobisi “ezitalatweni,” nokuba umntu akasosigulana sineentlungu ezingapheliyo kodwa unengxaki yokusebenzisa i-opioid.

Yinyaniso engathandekiyo. Simiselwe ukuba sicinge ngomntu osebenzisa gwenxa amayeza ka-opioid njengokwenza into enobungozi ekufuneka imisiwe. Kodwa ukusebenzisa gwenxa amayeza amiselweyo kukhuseleke kakhulu kunokusebenzisa ii-opioid zentengiso emnyama.

IHeroin kunye neeopioid zokwenziwa ezifana ne-fentanyl zihlala zinqunyulwa kunye nezinye iziyobisi kwaye zinamandla ahlukeneyo ngokungafaniyo, zisenza kube lula ukugqithisa. Ukufumana ukulingana kwala machiza kwikhemesti kuqinisekisa ukuba abantu bayazi ukuba batya ntoni kwaye bangakanani.

Andicebisi ukuba sibuyele kwiintsuku ezingama-81.3 ze-opioid ngabantu abangama-100. Kwaye usapho lakwaSackler ngasemva kwePurdue Pharma kufuneka luxanduva lokuphendula ngolunya ukhuseleko lwe-OxyContin kunye nokudlala umngcipheko wayo oyingozi.

Kodwa abaguli abanganyangekiyo kunye nabantu abanengxaki yokusebenzisa i-opioid akufuneki bahlawule iziphene zeSacklers, ngakumbi xa ukwenza njalo kungathinteli ubhubhane lwe-opioid. Unyango lwenkxaso mali (kubandakanya unyango oluncediswa ngamayeza) kwabo baludingayo lusebenza ngakumbi kunokunciphisa imigqaliselo yezigulana zentlungu mhlawu ngephutha babasebenzisa gwenxa.

I-pendulum ye-opioids yonyango yayishukuma kakhulu yaya kwelinye icala, kodwa ukuyivumela ukuba ijikeleze kakhulu kwelinye icala kuya kwenza ingozi engaphezulu, hayi kancinci.

UKatie MacBride ngumbhali ozimeleyo kunye nomhleli onxulumene neAnxy Magazine. Ungawufumana umsebenzi wakhe kwiRolling Stone nakwiRhamncwa lemihla ngemihla, phakathi kwezinye iivenkile. Uchithe uninzi lonyaka ophelileyo esebenza kuxwebhu malunga nokusetyenziswa kwabantwana kwi-cannabis yonyango. Ngoku uchitha ixesha elininzi kakhulu Twitter.