Iiproteni electrophoresis - serum

Olu vavanyo lweelebhu luthatha iintlobo zeeprotein kwinxalenye yolwelo (serum) yesampulu yegazi. Olu lwelo lubizwa ngokuba yi-serum.

Isampulu yegazi iyafuneka.

Kwilebhu, igcisa libeka isampuli yegazi kwiphepha elikhethekileyo kwaye lifaka umbane. Iiproteni zihamba ephepheni kwaye zenze iibhendi ezibonisa inani leprotein nganye.

Unokucelwa ukuba ungatyi okanye usele iiyure ezili-12 ngaphambi kolu vavanyo.

Amayeza athile anokuchaphazela iziphumo zolu vavanyo. Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kukuxelela ukuba ngaba ufuna ukuyeka ukuthatha nawaphi na amayeza. Sukuyeka nawaphi na amayeza ngaphambi kokuba uthethe nomboneleli wakho.

Xa kufakwa inaliti ukutsala igazi, abanye abantu baziva iintlungu eziphakathi. Abanye baziva behlaba okanye behlaba kuphela. Emva koko, kunokubakho ukubetha okanye ukukrala kancinci. Oku kuya kuhamba kungekudala.

Iiproteni zenziwe ngeamino acid kwaye ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yazo zonke iiseli kunye nezicubu. Zininzi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeproteni emzimbeni, kwaye zinemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Imizekelo yeeproteni zibandakanya ii-enzyme, iihomoni ezithile, ihemoglobin, i-low-density lipoprotein (LDL, okanye i-cholesterol embi), kunye nezinye.

Iiproteni zeSerum zihlelwa njengealbumin okanye iiglobulin. Ialbumin yeyona protein ininzi kwiserum. Ithwala iimolekyuli ezininzi ezincinci. Kubalulekile ukugcina ulwelo lungaphumi kwimithambo yegazi luye kwizicubu.

Iiglobulin zihlukaniswe nge-alpha-1, alpha-2, beta, kunye ne-gamma globulins. Ngokubanzi, i-alpha kunye ne-gamma globulin protein amanqanaba ayonyuka xa kukho ukudumba emzimbeni.

I-Lipoprotein electrophoresis inquma inani leeprotheni ezenziwe ngeprotheni kunye namafutha, abizwa ngokuba yi-lipoproteins (njenge-LDL cholesterol).

Amaxabiso aqhelekileyo ngala:

• Iiprotheyini zizonke: 6.4 ukuya ku-8.3 iigrem kwidesilitha nganye (g / dL) okanye kuma-64 ukuya kuma-83 yeegramu kwilitha nganye (g / L)
• I-albhamuin: 3.5 ukuya ku-5.0 g / dL okanye kwi-35 ukuya kwi-50 g / L
• I-Alpha-1 globulin: 0.1 ukuya kwi-0.3 g / dL okanye kwi-1 ukuya kwi-3 g / L
• I-Alpha-2 globulin: 0.6 ukuya kwi-1.0 g / dL okanye kwi-6 ukuya kwi-10 g / L
• I-beta globulin: 0.7 ukuya kwi-1.2 g / dL okanye i-7 ukuya kwi-12 g / L
• I-Gamma globulin: 0.7 ukuya ku-1.6 g / dL okanye i-7 ukuya kwi-16 g / L

Imizekelo engentla yimilinganiselo eqhelekileyo yeziphumo zolu vavanyo. Amaxabiso esiqhelo ahluka kancinci phakathi kweelebhu ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye iilebhu zisebenzisa imilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo okanye ukuvavanya iisampulu ezahlukeneyo. Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nentsingiselo yeziphumo zakho ezithile.

Ukunciphisa iiprotheni ezipheleleyo kunokubonisa:

• Ukuphulukana ngokungaqhelekanga kwiprotein ukusuka kwindawo yokugaya ukutya okanye ukungakwazi kwendlela yokugaya ukutya kwiiprotein (iprotein-lossing enteropathy)
• Ukungondleki
• Ingxaki yezintso ebizwa ngokuba yi-nephrotic syndrome
• Ukuqhekeka kwesibindi kunye nokusebenza kakubi kwesibindi (i-cirrhosis)

Ukonyuka kweeprotein ze-alpha-1 globulin kunokuba ngenxa:

• Izifo ezivuthayo
• Umhlaza
• Isifo esingapheliyo sokudumba (umzekelo, isifo samathambo, SLE)

Ukwehla kwe-alpha-1 yeeproteni zeglobulin kunokuba luphawu lwe:

• Ukusilela kwe-alpha-1 antitrypsin

Ukunyuka kweeprotein ze-alpha-2 globulin kunokubonisa:

• Ukudumba okukhulu
• Ukudumba okungapheliyo

Ukwehla kweeprotein ze-alpha-2 globulin kunokubonisa:

• Ukuphazamiseka kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi (hemolysis)

Ukunyuka kweeproteni ze-beta globulin kunokubonisa:

• Ukuphazamiseka apho umzimba uneengxaki zokwaphula amafutha (umzekelo, hyperlipoproteinemia, usapho lwe-hypercholesterolemia)
• Unyango lwe-Estrogen

Ukunciphisa iiproteni ze-beta globulin kunokubonisa:

• Inqanaba elisezantsi ngokungaqhelekanga le-LDL cholesterol
• Ukungondleki

Ukunyuka kweeproteni ze-gamma globulin kunokubonisa:

• Umhlaza wegazi, kubandakanya i-myeloma ezininzi, iWaldenström macroglobulinemia, i-lymphomas, kunye ne-leukemias ezingapheliyo ze-lymphocytic
• Isifo esingapheliyo sokudumba (umzekelo, isifo samathambo)
• Usulelo olubi
• Isifo sesibindi esinganyangekiyo

Akukho mngcipheko ubandakanyekileyo ekuthatheni igazi lakho. Imithambo kunye nemithambo iyahluka ngobukhulu ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye, kwaye ukusuka kwelinye icala lomzimba ukuya kwelinye. Ukuthatha igazi kwabanye abantu kunokuba nzima ngakumbi kunabanye.

Eminye imingcipheko enxulumene nokutsalwa kwegazi incinci, kodwa inokubandakanya:

• Ukopha kakhulu
• Ukufa isiqaqa okanye ukuziva ungenantloko
• Ukugqobhoza okuninzi ukufumana imithambo
  
• I-Hematoma (igazi elakhiweyo phantsi kolusu)
• Usulelo (umngcipheko omncinci nangaliphi na ixesha ulusu lwaphukile)

I-SPEP

• Uvavanyo lwegazi

IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ. Iiproteni electrophoresis - serum. Ku: IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ, ii-eds. Iimvavanyo zaselebhu kunye neenkqubo zokuqonda isifo. Umhla wesi-6. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; Ngo-2013: 917-920.

UMunshi NC, uJagannath S.Iplasma neoplasms yeseli. Ku: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, ii-eds. I-Hematology: Imigaqo esisiseko kunye nokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 86.

Isilumkiso EA, uHerold AH. Ukutolika iimvavanyo zaselebhu. Ku: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, ii-eds. Incwadi yesikhokelo samayeza osapho. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 14.