IHemoglobin electrophoresis

IHemoglobin yiprotein ethwala ioksijini egazini. IHemoglobin electrophoresis ilinganisa amanqanaba eentlobo ezahlukeneyo zale proteni egazini.

Isampulu yegazi iyafuneka.

Kwilebhu, igcisa libeka isampuli yegazi kwiphepha elikhethekileyo kwaye lifaka umbane. Iihemoglobin zihamba ephepheni zize zenze iibhendi ezibonisa inani lohlobo ngalunye lwehemoglobin.

Akukho lungiselelo lukhethekileyo luyimfuneko kolu vavanyo.

Xa kufakwa inaliti ukutsala igazi, abanye abantu baziva iintlungu eziphakathi. Abanye baziva ngathi batyhafile okanye batyhafile. Emva koko, kunokubakho ukubetha okanye ukukrala kancinci. Oku kuya kuhamba kungekudala.

Unokuba nalo olu vavanyo ukuba umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukrokrela ukuba unengxaki ebangelwa ziifom hemoglobin (hemoglobinopathy).

Zininzi iintlobo zehemoglobin (Hb) ezikhoyo. Ezona ziqhelekileyo zi-HbA, HbA2, HbE, HbF, HbS, HbC, HbH, kunye ne-HbM. Abantu abadala abasempilweni banamanqanaba abalulekileyo e-HbA kunye ne-HbA2 kuphela.

Abanye abantu banokuba nexabiso elincinci le-HbF. Olu luhlobo oluphambili lwehemoglobin emzimbeni wosana olungekazalwa. Izifo ezithile zinxulunyaniswa namanqanaba aphezulu e-HbF (xa i-HbF ingaphezulu kwe-2% ye-hemoglobin iyonke).

I-HbS yindlela engaqhelekanga ye-hemoglobin ehambelana ne-sickle cell anemia. Kubantu abanale meko, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ngamanye amaxesha zinesimo secrescent okanye irhengqa. Ezi seli ziqhekeka ngokulula okanye zinokuthintela imithambo yegazi encinci.

I-HbC yifom engaqhelekanga ye-hemoglobin ehambelana ne-hemolytic anemia. Iimpawu zinzima kakhulu kunokuba zikwi-sickle cell anemia.

Enye into engaqhelekanga, engaqhelekanga yeemolekyuli zeHb zibangela ezinye iintlobo zeanemia.

Kubantu abadala, ezi ziipesenti eziqhelekileyo zeemolekyuli zehemoglobin ezahlukeneyo:

• I-HbA: 95% ukuya kwi-98% (0.95 ukuya ku-0.98)
• I-HbA2: 2% ukuya kwi-3% (0.02 ukuya ku-0.03)
• HbE: Akukho
• I-HbF: 0.8% ukuya kwi-2% (0.008 ukuya ku-0.02)
• I-HbS: Akukho
• HbC: Akukho

Kwiintsana nabantwana, ezi ziipesenti eziqhelekileyo zeHBF:

• I-HbF (usana olusanda kuzalwa): 50% ukuya kuma-80% (0.5 ukuya 0.8)
• I-HbF (iinyanga ezi-6): 8%
• I-HbF (ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezi-6): 1% ukuya kwi-2%

Amaxabiso esiqhelo ahluka kancinci phakathi kweelebhu ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye iilebhu zisebenzisa imilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo okanye zinokuvavanya iisampulu ezahlukeneyo. Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nentsingiselo yeziphumo zakho zovavanyo.

Amanqanaba abalulekileyo eehemoglobins ezingaqhelekanga anokubonisa:

• Isifo sehemoglobin C
• Rhoqo hemoglobinopathy
• Isifo seanemia
• Ukuphazamiseka kwegazi okulindelwe apho umzimba wenza uhlobo olungaqhelekanga lwehemoglobin (thalassemia)

Unokuba neziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezingezizo okanye ezingaqhelekanga ukuba utofelwe igazi kwiiveki ezili-12 zolu vavanyo.

Mncinci umngcipheko obandakanyekayo ekuthatheni igazi lakho. Imithambo kunye nemithambo iyahluka ngobukhulu ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye nakwelinye icala lomzimba liye kwelinye. Ukuthatha igazi kwabanye abantu kunokuba nzima ngakumbi kunabanye.

Eminye imingcipheko enxulumene nokutsalwa kwegazi incinci kodwa inokubandakanya:

• Ukopha kakhulu
• Ukufa isiqaqa okanye ukuziva ungenantloko
• I-Hematoma (igazi elakhiweyo phantsi kolusu)
• Usulelo (umngcipheko omncinci nangaliphi na ixesha ulusu lwaphukile)

Hb electrophoresis; I-Hgb electrophoresis; Electrophoresis - hemoglobin; Thallasemia - electrophoresis; Isifo sokugula - ielectrophoresis; Hemoglobinopathy - electrophoresis

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