Ukuskena iNtloko ye-CT

Iskena sekhompyuter se-tomography (CT) sisebenzisa ii-x-reyi ezininzi ukwenza imifanekiso yentloko, kubandakanya ukakayi, ingqondo, iziseko zamehlo kunye nezono.

I-Head CT yenziwa esibhedlele okanye kwiziko le-radiology.

Ulele kwitafile emxinwa ethe tyibilika kumbindi wesikena seCT.

Ngelixa ungaphakathi kwiskena, umqadi we-x-ray umatshini ujikeleza ngeenxa zonke kuwe.

Ikhompyuter yenza imifanekiso eyahlukileyo yommandla womzimba, obizwa ngokuba zizilayi. Le mifanekiso ingaba:

• Igcinwe
• Ukujongwa kwimonitha
• Igcinwe kwidiski

Iimodeli ezinemilinganiselo emithathu yentloko zinokwenziwa ngokudibanisa izilayi kunye.

Kuya kufuneka uthe cwaka ngexesha loviwo, kuba intshukumo ibangela imifanekiso emnyama. Unokuxelelwa ukuba ubambe umphefumlo wakho ixesha elifutshane.

Iskena esipheleleyo sihlala sithatha imizuzwana engama-30 ukuya kwimizuzu embalwa.

Ezinye iimviwo ze-CT zifuna idayi ekhethekileyo, ebizwa ngokuba yimpahla eyahlukileyo. Inikezelwa emzimbeni ngaphambi kokuba kuqale uvavanyo. Umahluko unceda iindawo ezithile zibonise ngcono kwi-x-reyi.

• Umahluko unokunikwa ngomthambo (IV) osesandleni sakho okanye kwingalo yakho. Ukuba kusetyenziswa umahluko, unokucelwa ukuba ungatyi okanye usele nantoni na iiyure ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 phambi kovavanyo.
• Yazisa umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba ngaba ukhe wasabela ngokuchaseneyo. Kusenokufuneka ukuba uthathe amayeza phambi kovavanyo ukuze uwafumane ngokukhuselekileyo.
• Ngaphambi kokufumana umahluko, xelela umboneleli wakho ukuba uthatha iyeza leswekile i-metformin (iGlucophage). Kuya kufuneka uthathe amanyathelo okhuseleko. Yazisa umboneleli wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na ingxaki yokusebenza kwezintso njengoko umahluko we-IV ungoyenza mbi le ngxaki.

Ukuba unobunzima obungaphezu kweekhilogram ezingama-135, fumana ukuba umatshini we-CT unomlinganiselo wobunzima. Abanye oomatshini benza.

Uya kucelwa ukuba ususe ubucwebe kwaye unokufuna ukunxiba iimpahla zasesibhedlele ngexesha lofundo.

I-ray-ray eveliswe yi-CT scan ayinabuhlungu. Abanye abantu banokungonwabi ngokulala etafileni elukhuni.

Umahluko wezinto ezinikezelwe ngomthambo kunokubangela:

• Imvakalelo encinci yokutsha
• I-Metallic incasa emlonyeni
• Ukufudumeza okufudumeleyo komzimba

Oku kuqhelekile kwaye kuhlala kuhamba kwimizuzwana embalwa.

Ukuskena entloko kwe-CT kuyacetyiswa ukunceda ukufumanisa okanye ukujonga imeko elandelayo:

• Isiphene sokuzalwa (sokuzalwa) kwentloko okanye kwengqondo
• Usulelo lobuchopho
• Ithumba lobuchopho
• Ukwakhiwa kolwelo ngaphakathi kolukakayi (i-hydrocephalus)
• Ukonzakala (ukwenzakala) kwingqondo, entloko, okanye ebusweni
• Stroke okanye ukopha kwingqondo

Kungenziwa kwakhona ukujonga unobangela woku:

• Ubungakanani bentloko engaqhelekanga kubantwana
• Utshintsho kwindlela ocinga ngayo okanye ekuziphatheni
• Ukufa isiqaqa
• Intloko ebuhlungu, xa uneminye imiqondiso okanye iimpawu ezithile
• Ukuva ilahleko (kwabanye abantu)
• Iimpawu zomonakalo kwinxalenye yengqondo, ezinje ngeengxaki zombono, ubuthathaka bemisipha, ukuba ndindisholo kunye nokutswina, ukulahleka kwendlebe, ubunzima bokuthetha, okanye ukuginya iingxaki

Iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga zinokubangelwa:

• Imithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga (malteriovenous malformation)
• Ukuhambisa isitya segazi kwingqondo (aneurysm)
• Ukopha (umzekelo, i-hematoma yangaphantsi okanye ukopha kwizihlunu zobuchopho)
• Usulelo lwamathambo
• Ithumba lobuchopho okanye usulelo
• Umonakalo wobuchopho ngenxa yokwenzakala
• Ukudumba kwethishu okanye ukwenzakala
• Ithumba lobuchopho okanye olunye ukukhula (ubunzima)
• Ukuphulukana nethishu yobuchopho (i-cerebral atrophy)
• IHydrocephalus
• Iingxaki luvo ukuva
• Stroke okanye uhlaselo lwexeshana lwe-ischemic (TIA)

Iingozi ze-CT scan zibandakanya:

• Ukuvezwa kwimitha
• Ukusabela okungahambelaniyo nokwahlula idayi
• Ukonakala kwezintso kwidayi eyahlukileyo

Izikena ze-CT zisebenzisa imitha engaphezulu kwee-ray eziqhelekileyo. Ukuba ne-x-ray okanye i-CT scans ekuhambeni kwexesha kunokunyusa umngcipheko womhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko nakuphi na ukuskena okukodwa kuncinci. Wena kunye nomboneleli wakho kufuneka ulinganise lo mngcipheko ngokubhekiselele kwizibonelelo zokufumana ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kwingxaki yonyango.

Abanye abantu banesifo sokungafani nedayi. Yazisa umboneleli wakho ukuba ngaba ukhe wafumana into engahambelaniyo nokwahlula idayi.

• Olona hlobo luqhelekileyo lokuthelekisa olunikezwe emthanjeni luqukethe iodine. Ukuba umntu one-iodine allergies unikwa olu hlobo lokwahluka, isicaphucaphu okanye ukugabha, ukuthimla, ukurhawuzelela, okanye umngxunya kungenzeka.
• Ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka unikwe lo mahluko, umboneleli wakho unokukunika ii-antihistamines (ezinjengeBenadryl) okanye ii-steroids ngaphambi kovavanyo ukunqanda ukusabela okungafunekiyo.
• Izintso zinceda ukususa iodine emzimbeni. Abo banesifo sezintso okanye isifo seswekile banokufuna ukufumana ulwelo olongezelelweyo emva kovavanyo ukunceda ukukhupha iodine emzimbeni.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, idayi inokubangela ubomi besoyikiso ekuphenduleni into ebizwa ngokuba yi-anaphylaxis. Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla ngexesha lovavanyo, xelela umqhubi weskena ngoko nangoko. Iiskena siza ne-intercom kunye nezithethi, ukuze umntu akuve ngalo lonke ixesha.

Ukuvavanywa kwe-CT kunganciphisa okanye kuthintele isidingo senkqubo yokungenelela yokufumanisa iingxaki kukhakhayi. Le yenye yeendlela ezikhuselekileyo zokufunda intloko nentamo.

Olunye uvavanyo olunokwenziwa endaweni yentloko ye-CT scan lubandakanya:

• I-MRI yentloko
• Ukuskena i-Positron emission tomography (PET) yentloko

I-Brain CT; I-Cranial CT; I-CT scan - ukakayi; I-CT scan - intloko; Ukuskena kwe-CT - iindlela; Iskena se-CT - iisono; Itomography ekhompyutheni - i-cranial; Ukuskena i-CAT-ingqondo

• Intloko ye-CT

I-Barras CD, iBhattacharya JJ. Imeko yangoku yokucinga kwengqondo kunye neempawu zeatomical. Ku: UAdam A, uDixon AK, uGillard JH, uSchaefer-Prokop CM, ii-eds. Ingqolowa kunye neAllison's Diagnostic Radiology. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 53.

IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ. I-Cerebral computed tomography -Ukuqonda isifo. Ku: IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ, ii-eds. Iimvavanyo zaselebhu kunye neenkqubo zokuqonda isifo. Umhla wesi-6. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; Ngo-2013: 310-312.