Echocardiogram

I-echocardiogram luvavanyo olusebenzisa amaza esandi ukwenza imifanekiso yentliziyo. Umfanekiso kunye nolwazi oluvelisayo luneenkcukacha ngakumbi kunomfanekiso oqhelekileyo we-x-ray. I-echocardiogram ayikuvezi kwimitha.

I-ECHOCARDIOGRAM YOKUGQIBELA (TTE)

I-TTE luhlobo lwe-echocardiogram abantu abaninzi abaya kuba nayo.

• Uqeqesho lwe-sonographer lwenza uvavanyo. Ugqirha wentliziyo (ugqirha wentliziyo) utolika iziphumo.
• Isixhobo ekuthiwa yi-transducer sibekwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo esifubeni nakwisisu esingaphezulu kwaye sijolise entliziyweni. Esi sixhobo sikhupha amaza esandi ahamba ngesantya esiphezulu.
• I-transducer ithatha ama-echoes esandi kwaye iwahambisa njengamandla ombane. Umatshini we-echocardiography uguqula ezi ntshukumisa zibe yimifanekiso eshukumayo yentliziyo. Kusathathwa imifanekiso.
• Imifanekiso inokuba mbini okanye-ntathu. Uhlobo lomfanekiso luya kuxhomekeka kwinxalenye yentliziyo evavanyiweyo kunye nohlobo lomatshini.
• I-Doppler echocardiogram ivavanya ukuhamba kwegazi ngentliziyo.

I-echocardiogram ibonisa intliziyo ngelixa ibetha. Ikwabonisa ii-valves zentliziyo kunye nolunye ulwakhiwo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, imiphunga, iimbambo, okanye izicwili zomzimba wakho zinokuthintela amaza esandi kunye namaqebengwana ekunikeni umfanekiso ocacileyo wentliziyo. Ukuba le yingxaki, umboneleli wezempilo unokufaka inkunkuma encinci yolwelo (umahluko) ngokusebenzisa i-IV ukubona ngcono ngaphakathi kwentliziyo.

Rhoqo, uvavanyo olungenayo ngakumbi lokusebenzisa i-echocardiography probes lunokufuneka.

I-ECHOCARDIOGRAM YOKUGQIBELA (TEE)

Kwi-TEE, umva womqala wakho ubundindisholo kwaye ityhubhu ende eguqukayo kodwa eqinileyo (ebizwa ngokuba yi "probe") ene-transducer encinci ye-ultrasound ekugqibeleni ifakwa ezantsi emqaleni.

Ugqirha wentliziyo onoqeqesho olukhethekileyo uya kukhokela ubungakanani phantsi komqala kunye nesisu. Le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukufumana imifanekiso ecacileyo ye-echocardiographic yentliziyo yakho. Umboneleli unokusebenzisa olu vavanyo ukukhangela iimpawu zosulelo (i-endocarditis) amahlwili egazi (thrombi), okanye ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga okanye unxibelelwano.

Akukho manyathelo akhethekileyo ayimfuneko ngaphambi kovavanyo lwe-TTE. Ukuba une-TEE, ngekhe ukwazi ukutya okanye ukusela iiyure ezininzi phambi kovavanyo.

Ngexesha lovavanyo:

• Kuya kufuneka ukhulule iimpahla zakho esinqeni uye kulala etafileni yovavanyo emqolo.
• I-Electrodes ziya kufakwa esifubeni sakho ukuze zibeke esweni ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho.
• Inani elincinci le-gel lisasazeka esifubeni sakho kwaye i-transducer iya kufakwa kulusu lwakho. Uyakuva uxinzelelo kancinci esifubeni sakho kwi-transducer.
• Unokucelwa ukuba uphefumle ngendlela ethile okanye ujikeleze kwicala lasekhohlo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ibhedi ekhethekileyo isetyenziselwa ukukunceda uhlale kwindawo efanelekileyo.
• Ukuba une-TEE, uyakufumana amayeza okuthambisa (okonwaba) ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe iprobe kwaye ulwelo olungenantsholongwane lunokutshizwa emva komqala wakho.

Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuvavanya iivelufa kunye namagumbi entliziyo avela ngaphandle komzimba wakho. I-echocardiogram inokukunceda ukufumanisa:

• Iipavini zentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga
• Isifo sentliziyo esibelekweni (ukungaqheleki okukhoyo ekuzalweni)
• Ukonakala kwizihlunu zentliziyo ezivela kwisifo sentliziyo
• Ukumbombozela kwentliziyo
• Ukudumba (i-pericarditis) okanye i-fluid engxoweni ejikeleze intliziyo (i-pericardial effusion)
• Usulelo kwi-valves zentliziyo okanye ezijikeleze (i-endocarditis echaphazelayo)
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi
• Amandla kwentliziyo yokumpompa (kubantu abanesifo sentliziyo)
• Umthombo wehlwili legazi emva kokubetha okanye i-TIA

Umboneleli wakho unokucebisa i-TEE ukuba:

• Isiqhelo esiqhelekileyo (okanye i-TTE) akucaci. Iziphumo ezingacacanga zinokubangelwa yimilo yesifuba sakho, isifo semiphunga, okanye amafutha omzimba agqithisileyo.
• Indawo yentliziyo ifuna ukujongwa ngakumbi.

I-echocardiogram yesiqhelo ityhila iivalve zentliziyo eziqhelekileyo kunye namagumbi kunye nentshukumo yodonga lwentliziyo eqhelekileyo.

I-echocardiogram engaqhelekanga inokuthetha izinto ezininzi. Ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga zincinci kakhulu kwaye azibeki mngcipheko mkhulu. Ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga zizimpawu zesifo sentliziyo. Uya kudinga iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu yingcali kule meko. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha malunga neziphumo ze-echocardiogram kunye nomboneleli wakho.

Akukho bungozi baziwayo kuvavanyo lwangaphandle lwe-TTE.

I-TEE yinkqubo ehlaselayo. Kukho umngcipheko onxulumene novavanyo. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• Ukuphendula kumayeza okuthambisa.
• Umonakalo kwisopha. Oku kuqheleke ngakumbi ukuba sele unengxaki nesisu sakho.

Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga neengozi ezinxulumene nolu vavanyo.

Iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga zingabonisa:

• Isifo sentliziyo sentliziyo
• Cardiomyopathy
• Ukuchithwa kwepericardial
• Ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga zentliziyo

Olu vavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya nokubeka iliso kwiimeko ezininzi zentliziyo.

ITransthoracic echocardiogram (TTE); Echocardiogram - transthoracic; I-Doppler ultrasound yentliziyo; Umphezulu echo

• Inkqubo yokujikeleza

I-Otto CM. Echocardiography. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Umhla wama-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 55.

USolomon SD, uWu JC, uGillam L, uBulwer B.I-Echocardiography. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 14.