Uvavanyo lwesibane

Uviwo lwesibane esikrelekrele lujonga izakhiwo ezingaphambi kweliso.

Isibane esityibilikwayo sisicroscope esinamandla asezantsi esidityaniswe nomthombo wokukhanya onamandla amakhulu onokuthi ujolise kumqadi obhityileyo.

Uya kuhlala esihlalweni ngesixhobo esibekwe phambi kwakho. Uya kucelwa ukuba uphumle isilevu nebunzi ngenkxaso yokugcina intloko izinzile.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kuvavanya amehlo akho, ngakumbi iinkophe, i-cornea, i-conjunctiva, i-sclera kunye ne-iris. Rhoqo idayi etyheli (i-fluorescein) isetyenziselwa ukunceda ukuhlola i-cornea kunye ne-layer layer. Idayi inokongezwa njenge-eyedrop. Okanye, umboneleli unokuchukumisa iphepha elilungileyo elinodayi kumbala wamehlo akho. Idayi ihlamba iliso ngeenyembezi njengoko uqhwanyaza.

Okulandelayo, amathontsi angabekwa emehlweni akho ukwandisa (ukunciphisa) abafundi bakho. Amaconsi athatha malunga nemizuzu eli-15 ukuya kwengama-20 ukusebenza. Uvavanyo lwesibane esikrelekrele luyaphinda luphindwe kusetyenziswa enye iilensi ezincinci ezigcinwe kufutshane neliso, ukuze emva kweliso kuhlolwe.

Akukho lungiselelo lukhethekileyo luyafuneka kolu vavanyo.

Amehlo akho aya kuthabatha ukukhanya ekukhanyeni kangangeyure ezimbalwa emva koviwo ukuba kusetyenzisiwe ukunciphisa amathontsi.

Olu vavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya:

• I-Conjunctiva (inwebu encinci egqume umphezulu wangaphakathi wejwabu leso kunye nenxalenye emhlophe yamehlo ebhlo)
• ICornea (ilensi ecacileyo engaphandle ngaphambili kwamehlo)
• Iinkophe
• Iris (inxalenye yombala wamehlo phakathi kwe-cornea kunye nelensi)
• Iilensi
• I-Sclera (isambatho esimhlophe sangaphandle kwiso)

Izakhiwo eziselisweni zifunyenwe ziqhelekile.

Ukuvavanywa kwesibane kunokufumana izifo ezininzi zamehlo, kubandakanya:

• Ifu yelensi yeliso (cataract)
• Ukwenzakala kwi-cornea
• Iimpawu zamehlo ezomileyo
• Ukuphulukana nombono obukhali ngenxa yokwehla kwemacular
• Ukwahlula i-retina kwiindawo zayo ezixhasayo (i-retinal detachment)
• Ukuvaleka kumthambo omncinci okanye umthambo ohambisa igazi usiya kwi-retina (ukuvalelwa kwenqanawa yethina)
• Ukonakala okulilifa kwiretina (retinitis pigmentosa)
• Ukudumba kunye nokucaphuka kwe-uvea (uveitis), umaleko ophakathi wamehlo

Olu luhlu alubandakanyi zonke izifo ezinokubakho zamehlo.

Ukuba ufumana amathontsi ukuze unciphise amehlo akho kwi-ophthalmoscopy, umbono wakho uya kufiphala.

• Nxiba izibuko zelanga ukukhusela amehlo akho elangeni, anokonakalisa amehlo akho.
• Yiba nomntu okuqhubela ekhaya.
• Amaconsi ahlala ephela kwiiyure ezininzi.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ukubonwa kwamehlo kubangela:

• Ukuhlaselwa kweglaucoma emxinwa
• Ukuba nesiyezi
• Ukoma komlomo
• Ukuhluza
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha

Biomicroscopy

• Iliso
• Uvavanyo lwesibane
• Iilensi zamehlo

I-Atebara NH, iMiller D, iThall EH. Izixhobo zamehlo. Ku: Yanoff M, Duker JS, ii-eds. Ophthalmology. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 2.5.

UFeder RS, u-Olsen TW, uPrum BE uJr, et al; IAmerican Academy yeOphthalmology. Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lokujonga iliso kubantu abadala luthanda izikhokelo zepatheni yokwenza. Ophthalmology. Ngo-2016; 123 (1): 209-236. IINKCUKACHA: 26581558 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26581558.

IProkopich CL, iHrynchak P, i-Elliott DB, iFlanagan JG. Uvavanyo lwezempilo lwe-Ocular. Ku: Elliott DB, ed. Iinkqubo zonyango kwiklinikhi yonyango lokuqala. Ngomhla we-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014: isahluko 7.