IPolysomnografi

I-Polysomnography sisifundo sokulala. Olu vavanyo lurekhoda imisebenzi ethile yomzimba xa ulele, okanye uzama ukulala. I-Polysomnography isetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuphazamiseka kokulala.

Zimbini iintlobo zokulala:

• Ukuhamba kwamehlo okukhawulezayo (REM) ukulala. Ukuphupha okuninzi kwenzeka ngexesha lokulala kwe-REM. Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, izihlunu zakho, ngaphandle kwamehlo kunye nezihlunu zokuphefumla, azihambi ngeli nqanaba lokulala.
• Ukuhamba okungahambi ngokukhawuleza kwamehlo (NREM) ukulala. Ukulala kwe-NREM kwahlulwe ngokwamanqanaba amathathu anokufunyanwa ngamaza engqondo (i-EEG).

Ukulala kwe-REM kuyatshintsha kunye nokulala kwe-NREM malunga nemizuzu engama-90. Umntu olala ngesiqhelo uhlala enemijikelezo emine ukuya kwemihlanu ye-REM kunye ne-NREM yokulala ebusuku.

Isifundo sokulala silinganisa imijikelezo yakho yokulala kunye namanqanaba ngokurekhoda:

• Ukungena nokuphuma komoya kwimiphunga yakho xa uphefumla
• Inqanaba leoksijini egazini lakho
• Indawo yomzimba
• Amaza obuchopho (i-EEG)
• Umzamo wokuphefumla kunye nenqanaba
• Umsebenzi wombane wezihlunu
• Ukuhamba kwamehlo
• Inqanaba lentliziyo

I-Polysomnography inokwenziwa nokuba kukwiziko lokulala okanye ekhayeni lakho.

KWIZIKO LOKULALA

Izifundo zokulala ngokupheleleyo zihlala zenziwa kwiziko lokulala elikhethekileyo.

• Uya kucelwa ukuba ufike malunga neeyure ezi-2 ngaphambi kokulala.
• Uya kulala ebhedini embindini. Iindawo ezininzi zokulala zinamagumbi okulala afanelekileyo, afana nehotele.
• Uvavanyo luhlala lwenziwa ebusuku ukuze iipateni zakho zokulala eziqhelekileyo zifundwe. Ukuba usebenza ebusuku, amaziko amaninzi anokwenza uvavanyo ngexesha lakho lokulala eliqhelekileyo.
• Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kubeka ii-electrode kwisilevu sakho, entlonzeni, nakumphetho ongaphandle weenkophe zakho. Uya kuba nabahloli bokurekhoda ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho kunye nokuphefumla okuncamathiselwe esifubeni sakho. Ezi ziya kuhlala endaweni xa ulele.
• Iimpawu zokurekhoda ii-electrode ngelixa uvukile (amehlo akho evaliwe) kwaye ngexesha lokulala. Uvavanyo lilinganisa ixesha elithathayo ukulala kwaye kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukungena kubuthongo beREM.
• Umboneleli oqeqeshwe ngokukodwa uya kukujonga ngelixa ulele kwaye uqaphele naluphi na utshintsho ekuphefumlweni okanye kwintliziyo yakho.
• Uvavanyo luya kurekhoda inani lamaxesha oyeke ukuphefumla okanye phantse uyeke ukuphefumla.
• Kukho iimonitha zokurekhoda ukuhamba kwakho ngexesha lokulala. Ngamanye amaxesha ikhamera yevidiyo irekhoda ukuhamba kwakho ngexesha lokulala.

EKHAYA

Unokwazi ukusebenzisa isixhobo sokulala ekhayeni lakho endaweni yeziko lokulala ukuze uncede ekufumaniseni i-apnea yokulala. Unokuthabatha isixhobo kwindawo yokulala okanye ugqirha oqeqeshiweyo uza ekhayeni lakho ukuseta.

Uvavanyo lwasekhaya lunokusetyenziswa xa:

• Uphantsi kwengcali yokulala.
• Ugqirha wakho wokulala ucinga ukuba une-apnea yokulala ethintelayo.
• Awunazo ezinye iingxaki zokulala.
• Awunazo ezinye iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu, ezinjengesifo sentliziyo okanye isifo semiphunga.

Nokuba uvavanyo kukwiziko lokufunda lokulala okanye ekhaya, ulungiselela ngendlela efanayo. Ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha wakho makenze njalo, sukuthatha naliphi na iyeza lokulala kwaye ungaseli utywala okanye iziselo ezine-caffeine ngaphambi kovavanyo. Banokuphazamisa ubuthongo bakho.

Uvavanyo lunceda ukuxilonga iingxaki zokulala, kuquka ukukhubazeka kokulala kokulala (OSA). Umboneleli wakho unokucinga ukuba unayo i-OSA kuba unayo le mpawu:

• Ukulala emini (ukulala emini)
• Ukurhona okukhulu
• Amaxesha okubamba umphefumlo xa ulele, kulandele ukukhefuzela okanye ukukrwitsha
• Ukulala ngokungapheliyo

I-Polysomnography inokuphinda ichonge ezinye iingxaki zokulala:

• Ingqele
• Ukuphazamiseka kwamalungu omzimba ngamaxesha athile (ukuhambisa imilenze rhoqo xa ulele)
• Ukuphazamiseka kwindlela yokuziphatha ye-REM (ngokwasemzimbeni "ukwenza" amaphupha akho ngexesha lokulala)

Iingoma zokufunda zokulala:

• Kukangaphi uyeka ukuphefumla ubuncinci imizuzwana eli-10 (ebizwa ngokuba yi-apnea)
• Kukangaphi ukuphefumla kwakho kuthintelwe inxenye yemizuzwana eyi-10 (ebizwa ngokuba yi-hypopnea)
• Amaza obuchopho bakho kunye nokuhamba kwemisipha ngexesha lokulala

Uninzi lwabantu lunamaxesha amafutshane ngexesha lokulala apho ukuphefumla kwabo kuyeka khona okanye ngokuyinxenye kuthintelwe. I-Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) linani le-apnea okanye i-hypopnea elinganiswa ngexesha lokufunda ubuthongo. Iziphumo ze-AHI zisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga i-apnea yokulala ephazamisayo.

Iziphumo zovavanyo eziqhelekileyo zibonisa:

• Zimbalwa okanye akukho ziqendu zokuyeka ukuphefumla. Kubantu abadala, i-AHI engaphantsi kwe-5 ithathwa njengesiqhelo.
• Iipateni eziqhelekileyo zamaza engqondo kunye nokuhamba kwemisipha ngexesha lokulala.
  

Kubantu abadala, i-apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ngaphezulu kwe-5 isenokuthetha ukuba ulala ne-apnea yokulala:

• I-5 ukuya kwe-14 kukulala okungathandekiyo.
• U-15 ukuya ku-29 ulungelelwaniso lokuphefumula lokulala.
• I-30 okanye ngaphezulu i-apnea yokulala kakhulu.

Ukwenza uxilongo kunye nokuthatha isigqibo malunga nonyango, ingcali yokulala kufuneka ijonge:

• Ezinye iziphumo ezivela kufundo lokulala
• Imbali yakho yezonyango kunye nezikhalazo ezinxulumene nokulala
• Uvavanyo lwakho lomzimba

Isifundo sokulala; IPolysomnogram; Izifundo zokuhamba kwamehlo ngokukhawuleza; Ukwahlula ebusuku polysomnography; PSG; OSA - isifundo sokulala; I-apnea yokulala yokuthintela-isifundo sokulala; I-apnea yokulala-isifundo sokulala

• Izifundo zokulala

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USarber KM, uLam DJ, uIshman SL. Ukulala kunye nokulala. Ku: IFlint PW, uFrancis HW, uHaughey BH, et al, ii-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Utyando lweNtloko kunye neNtamo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 15.

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