Ukutyeba kakhulu

Ukutyeba kuthetha ukuba namafutha omzimba amaninzi. Ayifani nokutyeba kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba nobunzima obuninzi. Umntu unokutyeba kakhulu ngenxa yezihlunu ezongezelelekileyo okanye amanzi, kunye nokuba namafutha amaninzi.

Omabini la magama athetha ukuba ubunzima bomntu buphezulu kunoko kucingelwa ukuba kusempilweni ngokuphakama kwakhe.

Ukuthatha iikhalori ezingaphezulu kokutshiswa ngumzimba kunokukhokelela ekutyebeni kakhulu. Kungenxa yokuba umzimba ugcina iikhalori ezingasetyenziswanga njengamafutha. Ukutyeba kunokubangelwa:

• Ukutya ukutya okuninzi kunokuba umzimba wakho unokukusebenzisa
• Ukusela kakhulu utywala
• Ukungafumani umthambo ngokwaneleyo

Uninzi lwabantu abatyebe kakhulu abaphulukana nobunzima obukhulu kwaye baphinde babuye babuye bacinge ukuba yimpazamo yabo. Bazigxeka ngokwabo ngokungabi namandla okugcina ubunzima bunzima. Abantu abaninzi baphinde bafumane ubunzima ngaphezu kokulahleka kwabo.

Namhlanje, siyazi ukuba ibhayoloji sisizathu esikhulu sokuba abanye abantu bangakwazi ukugcina ubunzima. Abanye abantu abahlala endaweni enye nabatya ukutya okufanayo batyebe, ngelixa abanye bengenayo. Imizimba yethu inenkqubo entsonkothileyo yokugcina ubunzima bethu busempilweni. Kwabanye abantu, le nkqubo ayisebenzi ngokwesiqhelo.

Indlela esitya ngayo xa singabantwana inokuchaphazela indlela esitya ngayo njengabantu abadala.

Indlela esitya ngayo iminyaka emininzi iba ngumkhwa. Ichaphazela oko sikutyayo, xa sisitya, nokuba sitya kangakanani.

Sinokuziva ngathi singqongwe zizinto ezenza kube lula ukutya kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukuhlala sisebenza.

• Abantu abaninzi baziva bengenaxesha lokucwangcisa nokwenza ukutya okusempilweni.
• Baninzi abantu namhlanje abasebenza edesikeni xa kuthelekiswa nemisebenzi esebenzayo ngaphambili.
• Abantu abanexesha elincinci lokuzonwabisa banokufumana ixesha elincinci lokuzilolonga.

Ixesha lokuphazamiseka kwindlela yokutya lithetha iqela leemeko zonyango ezijolise kwimpilo ekutyeni, ekutyeni, ekunciphiseni nasekufumaneni ubunzima, kunye nomzimba. Umntu unokutyeba kakhulu, alandele ukutya okungenampilo, kwaye abe nengxaki yokutya ngexesha elinye.

Ngamanye amaxesha, iingxaki zonyango okanye unyango lubangela ukutyeba, kubandakanya:

• Ukungasebenzi kwe-thyroid (hypothyroidism)
• Amayeza anje ngeepilisi zolawulo lokuzalwa, i-anti-depressants, kunye ne-antipsychotic

Ezinye izinto ezinokubangela ukutyeba zezi:

• Ukuyeka ukutshaya - Abantu abaninzi abayeka ukutshaya bafumana i-4 ukuya kwi-10 yeepawundi (lb) okanye 2 ukuya kwi-5 kilograms (kg) kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala emva kokuyeka.
• Uxinzelelo, unxunguphalo, ukuziva ulusizi, okanye ukungalali kakuhle.
• Ukuyeka ukuya exesheni - Abasetyhini banokufumana i-12 ukuya kwi-15 lb (5.5 ukuya kwi-7 kg) ngexesha lokuyeka ukuya exesheni.
• Ukukhulelwa-Abafazi abanakuphulukana nobunzima ababufumene ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga nembali yakho yezonyango, indlela otya ngayo, kunye nokuzilolonga rhoqo.

Ezona ndlela zimbini ziqhelekileyo zokuvavanya ubunzima bakho kunye nokulinganisa umngcipheko wempilo onxulumene nobunzima bakho zezi:

• Isalathiso sobunzima bomzimba (BMI)
• Umjikelo wesinqe (umlinganiso wesinqe sakho ngeesentimitha okanye iisentimitha)

I-BMI ibalwa kusetyenziswa ubude nobunzima. Wena kunye nomboneleli wakho unokusebenzisa i-BMI yakho ukuqikelela ukuba ungakanani amanqatha omzimba onawo.

Umlinganiso wakho wesinqe yenye indlela yokuqikelela ukuba ungakanani amanqatha omzimba onawo. Ubunzima obongezelelekileyo obujikeleze indawo yakho embindini okanye esiswini kwandisa umngcipheko wohlobo lweswekile 2, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nokubetha. Abantu abanemizimba emile okwe-apile (okuthetha ukuba bathanda ukugcina amanqatha esinqeni kwaye banomzimba omncinci osezantsi) banomngcipheko okonyukayo kwezi zifo.

Imilinganiselo yesikhumba inokuthathwa ukujonga ipesenti yomzimba wakho.

Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokwenziwa ukujonga ingxaki ye-thyroid okanye ye-hormone engakhokelela ekuzuzeni ubunzima.

UKUTSHINTSHA INDLELA YOKUPHILA KWAKHO

Indlela yokuphila esebenzayo kunye nokutya okuninzi, kunye nokutya okunempilo, yindlela ekhuselekileyo yokunciphisa umzimba. Nokuba ukuthoba umzimba ngokuthobekileyo kunokuyiphucula impilo yakho. Ungadinga inkxaso eninzi kusapho nakubahlobo.

Eyona njongo yakho iphambili kufuneka ibe kukufunda iindlela ezintsha zokutya kunye nokubenza babe yinxalenye yemihla ngemihla.

Abantu abaninzi bakufumanisa kunzima ukutshintsha indlela abatya ngayo kunye nokuziphatha kwabo. Usenokuba uqhelisele imikhwa ethile ixesha elide kangangokuba ungazi nokuba ayinampilo, okanye uyenza ngaphandle kokucinga. Kufuneka ukhuthazwe ukuba wenze utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo. Yenza isimilo sitshintshe inxalenye yobomi bakho kwixesha elide. Yazi ukuba kuthatha ixesha ukwenza kunye nokugcina utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo.

Sebenza kunye nomboneleli wakho kunye nesondlo sokutya ukuseta ubungakanani bekhalori yemihla ngemihla ekhuselekileyo ekuncedayo ukunciphisa umzimba ngelixa uhlala usempilweni. Khumbula ukuba ukuba wehlisa ubunzima kancinci kwaye uzinze, kunokwenzeka ukuba ubugcine. Isidlo sakho sokutya sinokukufundisa malunga:

• Ukukhetha ukutya okusempilweni ekhaya nakwiindawo zokutyela
• Amashwamshwam asempilweni
• Ukufunda iilebheli zesondlo kunye nokuthenga ukutya okunempilo
• Iindlela ezintsha zokupheka ukutya
• Ubungakanani bezahlulo
• Iziselo ezinencasa

Ukutya okugabadeleyo (ngaphantsi kwe-1,100 yeekhalori ngosuku) akucingelwa ukuba kukhuselekile okanye kusebenza kakuhle. Ezi ntlobo zokutya zihlala zingenazo iivithamini ezaneleyo kunye neeminerali. Uninzi lwabantu olwehlayo emzimbeni ngale ndlela lubuyela ekutyekeni ngokutya kakhulu kwaye batyebe kwakhona.

Funda iindlela zokulawula uxinzelelo ngaphandle kokutya. Imizekelo inokucamngca, iyoga, okanye umthambo. Ukuba unoxinzelelo okanye uxinzelelo kakhulu, thetha nomboneleli wakho.

AMAYEZA KUNYE NONYANGO LWEZOKUSEBENZA

Unokubona iintengiso zezongezo kunye namayeza esintu athi aya kukunceda ukunciphisa umzimba. Amanye ala mabango asenokuba ayonyani. Kwaye ezinye zezi zongezelelo zinokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi. Thetha nomboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuzisebenzisa.

Unokuxoxa ngamayeza okuphulukana nobunzima kunye nomboneleli wakho. Abantu abaninzi baphulukana ne-5 lb (2 kg) ngokuthatha la machiza, kodwa banokubuyisa ubunzima xa beyeka ukuthatha amayeza ngaphandle kokuba batshintshe indlela abaphila ngayo.

UKUGQIBELA

Utyando lwe-Bariatric (ukunciphisa umzimba) kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wezifo ezithile kubantu abatyebe kakhulu. Ezi ngozi zibandakanya:

• Isifo samathambo
• Seswekile
• Isifo sentliziyo
• Igazi elonyukayo
• Ukulala ngokuphefumla
• Eminye imihlaza
• Ukubetha

Utyando lunokunceda abantu abaye batyeba kakhulu iminyaka emi-5 okanye nangaphezulu kwaye abangalahlekanga ubunzima kolunye unyango, njengokutya, umthambo, okanye amayeza.

Utyando lodwa aluyiyo impendulo yokunciphisa umzimba. Inokukuqeqesha ukuba utye kancinci, kodwa kusafuneka wenze uninzi lomsebenzi. Kuya kufuneka uzibophelele ekudleni nasekuzilolongeni nasemva kotyando. Thetha nomboneleli wakho ukuba ufunde ukuba utyando lukhetho olufanelekileyo kuwe.

Utyando lokuphulukana nobunzima lubandakanya:

• I-Laparoscopic banding banding
• Utyando lokudlula esibelekweni
• Umkhono we-gastrectomy
• Utshintsho lweDuodenal

Abantu abaninzi bakufumana kulula ukulandela inkqubo yokutya kunye neyokwenza umthambo ukuba bazimanya neqela labantu abaneengxaki ezifanayo.

Ulwazi oluthe kratya kunye nenkxaso yabantu abatyebe kakhulu kunye neentsapho zabo zinokufumaneka kwi: Obesity Action Coalition - www.obesityaction.org/community/find-support-connect/find-a-support-group/.

Ukutyeba kakhulu sesisoyikiso esikhulu sezempilo. Ubunzima obongezelelekileyo budala umngcipheko kwimpilo yakho.

Ukutyeba okubi; Amafutha atyebile

• Utyando lokudlula kwisisu-ukukhupha
• Ufunda njani iilebheli zokutya
• I-Laparoscopic gastric banding - ukukhutshwa
• Ukutya kwakho emva koqhaqho olwenziwa sisisu

• Ukutyeba komntwana
• Ukutyeba kakhulu kunye nempilo

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