Usana lwakho kunye nomkhuhlane

Umkhuhlane sisifo esisasazeka ngokulula. Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 banomngcipheko ophezulu wokuba neengxaki xa befumana umkhuhlane.

Ulwazi olukule nqaku luhlanganisiwe ukukunceda ukhusele abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 kumkhuhlane. Oku akuyiyo indawo yengcebiso yonyango evela kumboneleli wakho wezempilo. Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho unokuba nomkhuhlane, kuya kufuneka unxibelelane nomboneleli kwangoko.

Iimpawu zeFlu kwiintsana kunye neentsana

Umkhuhlane usulelo lwempumlo, umqala, kunye (ngamanye amaxesha) nemiphunga. Fowunela umboneleli wosana lwakho ukuba ubona nayiphi na imiqondiso elandelayo:

• Ukwenza ngathi udiniwe kwaye cranky ixesha elininzi kwaye ungondli kakuhle
• Khohlela
• Urhudo nokugabha
• Unomkhuhlane okanye uziva unefiva (ukuba akukho themometha ikhona)
• Impumlo enemifinya
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba kunye nokugula ngokubanzi

IPHATHALELWA NJANI IFUWANA EMISWINI?

Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala baya kufuna ukunyangwa ngamayeza alwa intsholongwane yomkhuhlane. Oku kubizwa ngokuba liyeza. Iyeza lisebenza ngcono ukuba liqale kwisithuba seeyure ezingama-48 emva kokuqala kweempawu, ukuba kunokwenzeka.

I-Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) kwifom engamanzi iya kusetyenziswa. Emva kokuthetha ngomngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ngokuchasene nengxaki yomkhuhlane wosana lwakho, wena kunye nomboneleli wakho unokuthatha isigqibo sokusebenzisa eli yeza ukunyanga umkhuhlane.

I-Acetaminophen (iTylenol) kunye ne-ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) inceda umkhuhlane osezantsi ebantwaneni. Ngamanye amaxesha, umboneleli wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba usebenzise zombini iintlobo zamayeza.

Soloko ujonga umboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuba unike amayeza akho abandayo kusana lwakho okanye umntwana osabhadazayo.

INGABA UMNTWANA WAM UFANELE UKUFUMANA IVANGCI YEFU?

Zonke iintsana kwiinyanga ezi-6 okanye ngaphezulu kufuneka zifumane iyeza lokugonya, nokuba sele benesifo esifana nomkhuhlane. Isitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane asivunyelwanga abantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala.

• Umntwana wakho uya kudinga isitofu sesibini sokuthintela umkhuhlane kwiiveki ezi-4 emva kokufumana iyeza okokuqala.
• Zimbini iintlobo zokugonya umkhuhlane. Enye inikezelwa ngokudutyulwa, kwaye enye ifafazwe empumlweni womntwana wakho.

Umkhuhlane wadubula uneentsholongwane ezibuleweyo (ezingasebenziyo). Akunakwenzeka ukufumana umkhuhlane kolu hlobo lwesitofu sokugonya. Umkhuhlane womkhuhlane uvunyiwe kubantu abaneminyaka engama-6 nangaphezulu.

Iyeza lokuthintela umkhuhlane lwempumlo lisebenzisa intsholongwane ephilayo, ebuthathaka endaweni yento efileyo enjengomkhuhlane. Iyakwamkelwa kubantwana abasempilweni ngaphezulu kweminyaka emi-2.

Nabani na ohlala naye okanye ononxibelelwano olusondeleyo nomntwana ongaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 kufuneka naye abe nomkhuhlane.

INGABA IVANGCI LIZA KULONAKALISA UMSANA WAM?

Wena okanye usana lwakho AKUNAKUFUMANA umkhuhlane nakuliphi na iyeza lokugonya. Abanye abantwana banokufumana inqanaba eliphantsi lomkhuhlane usuku okanye ezimbini emva kokudutyulwa. Ukuba iimpawu ezinobuzaza ziphuhla okanye zihlala ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezi-2, kuya kufuneka ubize umnikezeli wakho.

Abanye abazali boyika ukuba isitofu sokugonya sinokulimaza umntwana wabo. Kodwa abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala kunokwenzeka ukuba bafumane imeko enzima yomkhuhlane. Kunzima ukuqikelela ukuba angagula kangakanani umntwana wakho kumkhuhlane kuba abantwana basoloko benesifo esincinci ekuqaleni. Banokugula ngokukhawuleza okukhulu.

Inani elincinci le-mercury (elibizwa ngokuba yi-thimerosal) yindawo eqhelekileyo yokulondolozwa kwizitofu zokugonya ezininzi. Ngaphandle kwenkxalabo, iyeza lokuthintela i-thimerosal aliboniswanga ukuba libangela i-autism, i-ADHD, okanye naziphi na ezinye iingxaki zonyango.

Nangona kunjalo, zonke izitofu zokugonya zesiqhelo ziyafumaneka ngaphandle kokuncitshiswa kwetyhefu. Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba banikezela ngolu hlobo lokugonya.

NDINGAWUTHINTELA NJANI UMNTWANA WAM UKUFUMANA IFU?

Nabani na oneempawu zomkhuhlane akanakukhathalela usana olusandul 'ukuzalwa okanye usana, kubandakanya nokondla. Ukuba umntu oneempawu kufuneka amkhathalele umntwana, umgcini kufuneka asebenzise isigqubuthelo sobuso kwaye ahlambe izandla zakhe kakuhle. Wonke umntu oza kufutshane nosana lwakho kufuneka enze oku kulandelayo:

• Vala impumlo nomlomo ngethishu xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla. Yilahle kude emva kokuyisebenzisa.
• Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo ngesepha namanzi kangangemizuzwana engama-15 ukuya kwengama-20, ngakumbi emva kokukhohlela okanye ukuthimla. Unokusebenzisa izixhobo zokucoca izandla ezinotywala.

Ukuba umntwana wakho ungaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala kwaye unonxibelelwano olusondeleyo nomntu onomkhuhlane, yazisa umboneleli wakho.

UKUBA NDINEMIFANEKISO YEFU, NGABA NDINGANCANISA USANA LWAM?

Ukuba umama akaguli nomkhuhlane, ukuncancisa kuyakhuthazwa.

Ukuba uyagula, kungafuneka ubonakalise ubisi lwakho ukuze ulusebenzise kwiibhotile zokondla ezinikezwe ngumntu ophilileyo. Akunakulindeleka ukuba usana olusandul 'ukuzalwa lubambe umkhuhlane xa usela ubisi lwakho lwebele xa ugula. Ubisi lwebele lubonwa lukhuselekile ukuba uthatha ii-antivirals.

NDIMFANELE NINI UGqirha?

Thetha nomboneleli womntwana wakho okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ukuba:

• Umntwana wakho akenzi isenzo sokulumkisa okanye ukhululekile xa umkhuhlane wehla.
• Umkhuhlane kunye neempawu zomkhuhlane zibuya emva kokuba bemkile.
• Umntwana akana nyembezi xa elila.
• Amanabukeni omntwana akamanzi, okanye umntwana akachami kwiiyure ezisibhozo zokugqibela.
• Umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuphefumla.

Iintsana kunye nomkhuhlane; Usana lwakho kunye nomkhuhlane; Umntwana wakho omncinci kunye nomkhuhlane

Amaziko oLawulo lweZifo noThintelo. Umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane). Imibuzo yomkhuhlane (yomkhuhlane) ebuzwa rhoqo: Ixesha le-2019-2020. www.cdc.gov/flu/season/faq-flu-season-2019-2020.htm. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJanuwari 17, 2020. Ifikeleleke ngoFebruwari 18, 2020.

IGrohskopf LA, iSokolow LZ, uBroder KR, et al. Uthintelo kunye nokulawulwa komkhuhlane wamaxesha athile kunye nezitofu zokugonya: izindululo zeKomiti yeeNgcebiso malunga neZenzo zoGonyo-United States, 2018-19 ixesha lomkhuhlane. Ingcebiso kaMMWR. 2018; 67 (3): 1-20. IINKCUKACHA: 30141464 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30141464.

I-Havers FP, iCampbell AJP. Iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 285.