Izifo zokugaya

Izifo zokugaya ukutya kukuphazamiseka kwendlela yokugaya ukutya, ngamanye amaxesha ebizwa ngokuba sisisu (GI).

Ekucoleni ukutya, ukutya kunye neziselo zihlulwe zaziindawo ezincinci (ezibizwa ngokuba zizakhamzimba) ezinokufunxwa ngumzimba kwaye zisetyenziswe njengamandla kunye neebhloko zokwakha iiseli.

Umgudu wokugaya ukutya wenziwe ngomqala (ityhubhu yokutya), isisu, amathumbu amakhulu kunye namancinci, isibindi, injeke kunye nenyongo.

Umqondiso wokuqala weengxaki kwindawo yokugaya ukutya ihlala ibandakanya enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Ukopha
• Ukuqhawula
• Ukuqunjelwa
• Urhudo
• Isitshisa
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• Intlungu esiswini
• Ukuginya iingxaki
• Ukutyeba okanye ukwehla kobunzima

Isifo esetyisayo yiyo nayiphi na ingxaki yezempilo eyenzeka kumgaqo wokugaya ukutya. Iimeko zinokuthi ziqale ukusuka kubumnene ukuya kubunzulu. Ezinye zeengxaki eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya ukutsha kwentliziyo, umhlaza, isifo sengqondo esiswini, kunye nokunganyamezelani kwe-lactose.

Ezinye izifo zokugaya ukutya zibandakanya:

• Amatye, i-cholecystitis, kunye ne-cholangitis
• Iingxaki ezi-Rectal, ezinje nge-anal fissure, hemorrhoids, proctitis, kunye ne-rectal prolapse
• Iingxaki ze-Esophagus, ezinje ngqongqo (ukunciphisa) kunye ne-achalasia kunye ne-esophagitis
• Iingxaki zesisu, kubandakanya isisu, izilonda zesisu ezibangelwa ngu Helicobacter pylori usulelo kunye nomhlaza
  
• Iingxaki zesibindi, njenge-hepatitis B okanye i-hepatitis C, i-cirrhosis, ukungaphumeleli kwesibindi, kunye ne-autoimmune kunye ne-hepatitis yotywala
• I-Pancreatitis kunye ne-pancreatic pseudocyst
• Iingxaki zesisu, ezinjengee-polyps kunye nomhlaza, izifo, isifo se-celiac, isifo se-Crohn, i-ulcerative colitis, i-diverticulitis, i-malabsorption, i-bowel syndrome emfutshane kunye ne-intestinal ischemia
• Isifo se-reflux sesifo se-Gastroesophageal (GERD), isifo se-peptic ulcer, kunye ne-hiatal hernia

Uvavanyo lweengxaki zokugaya ukutya lunokubandakanya i-colonoscopy, i-endoscopy ephezulu ye-GI, i-capsule endoscopy, i-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), kunye ne-endoscopic ultrasound.

Iinkqubo ezininzi zotyando zenziwa kwindawo yokugaya ukutya. Oku kubandakanya iinkqubo ezenziwa kusetyenziswa i-endoscopy, laparoscopy, kunye notyando oluvulekileyo. Ukufakelwa komzimba kunokwenziwa kwisibindi, i-pancreas, kunye namathumbu amancinci.

Ababoneleli abaninzi bokhathalelo lwempilo banokunceda ekuchongeni nasekunyangeni iingxaki zokwetyisa. I-gastroenterologist yingcali yonyango efumene uqeqesho olongezelelweyo ekuchongeni nasekunyangeni ukuphazamiseka kokugaya. Abanye ababoneleli ababandakanyeka kunyango lwezifo zokwetyisa zibandakanya:

• Abongikazi (NPs) okanye abancedisi bamagqirha (PAs)
• Izondlo okanye izondlo
• Oogqirha bonyango
• Iingcali zeRadiologists
• Oogqirha

• I-anatomy yesiqhelo yesisu

IHögenauer C, iHammer HF. Maldigestion kunye malabsorption. Ku: UFeldman M, uFriedman LS, uBrandt LJ, ii-eds. Sleisenger kunye neFordtran's Amathumbu kunye nezifo zesibindi: iPathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahl. 104.

IKliegman RM, iSt. Geme JW, iBlum NJ, i-Shah SS, iTasker RC, uWilson KM. Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yokugaya ukutya. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 123.

UMeya we-EA. Umsebenzi wokuphazamiseka kwesisu: isifo esinganyangekiyo samathumbu, idyspepsia, iintlungu zesifuba sokuqaqanjelwa sisisu, kunye nokuqaqamba kwentliziyo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 128.