Iinkonzo zokuTshintshela

Ukufakelwa komzimba yinkqubo eyenziwayo ukubuyisela elinye lamalungu akho endaweni esempilweni yomnye umntu. Olu tyando yinxalenye enye kuphela yenkqubo entsonkothileyo yexesha elide.

Iingcali ezininzi ziya kukunceda ulungiselele inkqubo, kwaye uqiniseke ukuba ukhululekile ngaphambi, ngexesha nasemva kotyando.

Utyando lotyando lwenziwa endaweni yelungu lomzimba eligulayo neliphilileyo.

UKUTSHINTSHWA KOMMANDLA OQINILEYO

• Ukufakelwa kweseli ngokuzenzekelayo kwenziwa emva kokuba umntu esuswe i-pancreas ngenxa ye-pancreatitis yexesha elide (engapheliyo). Inkqubo ithatha iiseli ezivelisa i-insulin kwi-pancreas kwaye ibuyisele emzimbeni womntu.
• Ukufakelwa kwe-Corneal kufaka indawo ye-cornea eyonakalisiweyo okanye enesifo. I-cornea sisicubu esicacileyo ngaphambili kwiso esinceda ukugxila ekukhanyeni kwi-retina. Yinxalenye yamehlo apho ilensi yokunxibelelana ixhomekeke khona.
• Ukufakelwa kwentliziyo yinto onokukhetha kuyo umntu onesifo sentliziyo esingakhange siphendule kunyango.
• Ukufakelwa kwamathumbu emathunjini yinto enokukhetha kubantu abanesifo esifutshane okanye isifo esifutshane sesifo okanye isifo sesibindi, okanye ngubani omele afumane zonke izondlo ngokusebenzisa umgca wokutya.
• Ukufakelwa kwezintso kukukhetha umntu onesifo sexesha elide (esingapheliyo). Kungenziwa ngokufakelwa kwezintso zepancreas.
• Ukufakelwa kwesibindi kunokuba yindlela ekhethekileyo kumntu onesifo sesibindi esikhokelela ekuhlulekeni kwesibindi.
• Ukufakelwa kwemiphunga kunokutshintsha enye okanye zombini imiphunga. Isenokuba kuphela kwendlela umntu onesifo semiphunga angakhange afumane bhetele ngokusebenzisa amanye amayeza kunye nonyango, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba aphile ixesha elingaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2.

IGAZI / AMATHAMBO UTSHINTSHO LOKUTSHINTSHA (I-STEM CELL TRANSPLANTS)

Unokufuna ukufakelwa kweeseli xa unesifo esonakalisa iiseli kumongo wethambo, okanye ukuba ufumene idosi ephezulu yonyango okanye imitha.

Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lofakelo, inkqubo yakho inokuthiwa kukufakelwa komongo wethambo, ukufakelwa kwegazi ngentambo, okanye ukufakelwa kwegazi elisecaleni kwegazi. Zontathu iiseli ezisebenzisa isiqu, iiseli ezingakhulanga ezinikezela kuzo zonke iiseli zegazi. Ukufakelwa kweeseli kwestem kuyafana notofelo-gazi kwaye ngokubanzi akufuneki kwenziwe utyando.

Zimbini iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokufakelwa:

• Ukufakelwa okuzenzekelayo kusetyenziswa iiseli zakho zegazi okanye umongo wethambo.
• Ukutshintshwa kweAllogeneic kusebenzisa iiseli zegazi lomnikeli okanye umongo wethambo. Ukufakelwa kwe-alngeneic allogeneic isebenzisa iiseli okanye umongo wethambo ovela kwiwele lomntu.

IQELA LEENKONZO ZOKUTSHINTSHA

Iqela leenkonzo zokufakelwa kubandakanya iingcali ezikhethwe ngononophelo, kubandakanya:

• Ogqirha abagxile ekwenzeni ukufakelwa kwamalungu
• Oogqirha bezonyango
• Iingcali zeRadiologists kunye neetekhnoloji yokucinga ngemeko yezonyango
• Abongikazi
• Iingcali zezifo ezosulelayo
• Iingcali zonyango
• Oogqirha bengqondo, oochwephesha bengqondo, kunye nabanye abacebisi
• Oonontlalontle
• Izondlo kunye neengcali zokutya

PHAMBI KOKUTYALISWA KWOMDLALO

Uya kuba novavanyo olupheleleyo lonyango lokuchonga nokunyanga zonke iingxaki zonyango, ezinjengezintso kunye nesifo sentliziyo.

Iqela lofakelo liza kuvavanya kwaye livavanye imbali yakho yezonyango ukumisela ukuba uyahlangabezana na neenqobo zokufakelwa komzimba. Uninzi lweentlobo zokufakelwa kwamalungu anezikhokelo ezichaza ukuba loluphi uhlobo lomntu onokuxhamla kufakelo kwaye uya kuba nakho ukulawula inkqubo enzima.

Ukuba iqela lokufakelwa likholelwa ukuba ungumgqatswa ofanelekileyo wofakelo, uya kubekwa kuluhlu lwesizwe lokulinda. Indawo yakho kuluhlu lokulinda isekwe kwinani lezinto, ezixhomekeke kuhlobo lofakelo olufumanayo.

Nje ukuba ukuluhlu lokulinda, ukukhangela umnikeli ofanayo kuyaqala. Iindidi zabanikeli zixhomekeke kufakelo oluthile, kodwa zibandakanya:

• Umnikeli onxulumene nokuphila unxulumene nawe, njengomzali, umntakwabo, okanye umntwana.
• Umnikeli ongadibananga nomntu, njengomhlobo okanye iqabane.
• Umxhasi oswelekileyo ngumntu osandula ukubhubha. Intliziyo, isibindi, izintso, imiphunga, amathumbu kunye neepancreas zinokufunyanwa kumnikeli welungu.

Emva kokupha ilungu, abaxhasi abaphilayo banokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo, obunempilo.

Kuya kufuneka uchonge usapho, izihlobo, okanye abanye abanonopheli abanokuthi bakunike uncedo kunye nenkxaso ngexesha nasemva kwenkqubo yokutshintsha.

Uyakufuna nokulungisa ikhaya lakho ukuze lihlale kamnandi xa ubuya emva kokuphuma esibhedlele.

EMVA KOKUTSHINTSHA

Uhlala ixesha elingakanani esibhedlele kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lokufakelwa onalo. Ngexesha lokuhlala kwakho esibhedlele, uya kubonakala mihla le liqela leenkonzo zokufakelwa.

Abaququzeleli beenkonzo zakho zokufakelwa baya kulungiselela ukukhutshwa kwakho. Bayakuthetha nawe ngezicwangciso zokhathalelo ekhaya, uthutho oluya kutyelelo lweklinikhi, kunye nezindlu, ukuba ziyafuneka.

Uya kuxelelwa ukuba uzikhathalele njani emva kokufakelwa. Oku kuya kubandakanya ulwazi malunga:

• Amayeza
• Kukangaphi ufuna ukutyelela ugqirha okanye ikliniki
• Yeyiphi imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla evunyelweyo okanye engavumelekanga

Emva kokuphuma esibhedlele, uya kubuyela ekhaya.

Uya kuba nolandelelwano lwamaxesha ngamaxesha kunye neqela lokufakelwa, kunye nogqirha wakho oyintloko kunye naziphi na ezinye iingcali ezinokucetyiswa. Iqela leenkonzo zokufakelwa ziya kufumaneka ukuze liphendule nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba unayo.

Adams AB, Ford M, Larsen CP. Ukutshintshwa kwe-immunobiology kunye ne-immunosuppression. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, ii-eds. Incwadi yeSabiston yoNyango: Isiseko sebhayiloji yoQeqesho lwangoku. Umhla we-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 24.

Uxinzelelo SJ. Umnikelo womzimba. Ku: Bersten AD, Handy JM, ii-eds. Incwadana yoKhathalelo oluKhulu. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahl. 102.

Inethiwekhi emanyeneyo yokwabelana ngewebhusayithi. Ukutshintshwa. unos.org/transplant/. Kufumaneka ngo-Apreli 22, 2020.

Ulwazi lukaRhulumente wase-US malunga noMnikelo woMbutho kunye neWebhusayithi yokuTshintshela. Funda ngomnikelo womzimba. www.organdonor.gov/about.html. Kufumaneka ngo-Apreli 22, 2020.