Ukutyeba kakhulu ebantwaneni

Ukutyeba kuthetha ukuba namafutha omzimba amaninzi. Ayifani nokutyeba kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba ubunzima bomntwana kuluhlu oluphezulu lwabantwana abakwiminyaka efanayo nobude. Ukutyeba kakhulu kunokubangelwa sisihlunu esongezelelekileyo, ithambo, okanye amanzi, kunye namafutha amaninzi.

Omabini la magama athetha ukuba ubunzima bomntwana buphezulu kunoko kucingelwa ukuba kusempilweni.

Xa abantwana besitya ukutya okuninzi kunemizimba yabo efuna ukukhula okuqhelekileyo kunye nomsebenzi, iikhalori ezongezelelweyo zigcinwa kwiiseli ezinamafutha ukuze zisetyenziswe kamva. Ukuba le patheni iyaqhubeka ngokuhamba kwexesha, baphuhlisa iiseli ezinamafutha ngakumbi kwaye banokuphucula ukutyeba.

Ngokwesiqhelo, iintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci baphendula kwimiqondiso yendlala kunye nokuhlutha ukuze bangadli iikhalori ezingaphezulu kwemizimba yabo. Nangona kunjalo, utshintsho kule minyaka ingamashumi idlulileyo kwindlela yokuphila kunye nokukhetha ukutya kuye kwakhokelela ekukhuleni kokutyeba kakhulu phakathi kwabantwana.

Abantwana bajikelezwe zizinto ezininzi ezenza kube lula ukutya kakhulu kwaye kube nzima ukusebenza. Ukutya okunamafutha aphezulu kunye nomxholo weswekile kuhlala kuza ngobukhulu bezahlulo ezinkulu. Ezi zinto zinokukhokelela ekubeni abantwana bathathe iikhalori ezingaphezulu kunokuba kufuneka ngaphambi kokuba bazive begcwele. Iintengiso zeTV kunye nezinye iintengiso zescreen zingakhokelela ekukhetheni okungekho sempilweni kokutya. Amaxesha amaninzi, ukutya kwiintengiso ezijolise ebantwaneni kuphezulu kwiswekile, ityuwa, okanye amafutha.

"Ixesha lesikrini" imisebenzi enjengokubukela umabonwakude, umdlalo, ukuthumela imiyalezo kunye nokudlala kwikhompyuter kufuna amandla amancinci kakhulu. Bahlala bethatha indawo yokuzilolonga emzimbeni. Kananjalo, abantwana bathanda ukutya ukutya okungekho sempilweni kokutya okukutya abakubonayo kwiintengiso zeTV.

Ezinye izinto kwimeko yomntwana nazo zinokukhokelela ekutyebeni kakhulu. Usapho, izihlobo, kunye nokuseta isikolo kunceda ekubumbeni ukutya komntwana kunye nokukhetha umthambo. Ukutya kunokusetyenziswa njengomvuzo okanye ukuthuthuzela umntwana. Le mikhwa ifundwayo inokukhokelela kukutya kakhulu. Abantu abaninzi kunzima ukuba bayaphule le mikhwa kamva ebomini.

Imfuza, iimeko zonyango, kunye nokuphazamiseka ngokweemvakalelo nako kunokunyusa umngcipheko womntwana wokutyeba kakhulu. Ukuphazamiseka kweHormone okanye ukusebenza okuphantsi kwe-thyroid, kunye namayeza athile, anje nge-steroids okanye amayeza okulwa nokuthimba, anokunyusa umdla wokutya womntwana. Ixesha elingaphezulu, oku kuyonyusa umngcipheko wokutyeba kakhulu.

Ukugxilwa okungenampilo kukutya, ubunzima, kunye nomzimba womzimba kunokukhokelela kukuphazamiseka kwindlela otya ngayo. Ukutyeba kakhulu kunye neengxaki zokutya zihlala zenzeka ngaxeshanye kumantombazana akwishumi elivisayo nakwabasetyhini abadala abanokuthi bangonwabi ngomzimba wabo.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze imibuzo malunga nembali yonyango yomntwana wakho, indlela yokutya, kunye nokuzilolonga rhoqo.

Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokwenziwa ukujonga iingxaki ze-thyroid okanye i-endocrine. Ezi meko zinokukhokelela ekuzuzeni ubunzima.

Iingcali zempilo yabantwana zicebisa ukuba abantwana bahlolwe ukutyeba xa beneminyaka eyi-6. Isalathiso sobunzima bomzimba womntwana wakho (i-BMI) sibalwa kusetyenziswa ubude nobunzima. Umboneleli usebenzisa ifomula ye-BMI eyilelwe abantwana abakhulayo ukuqikelela amanqatha omzimba womntwana wakho. Ukutyeba kakhulu kuchazwa njenge-BMI (isalathiso sobunzima bomzimba) okanye ngaphezulu kwe-95th percentile xa kuthelekiswa nabanye abantwana kunye nolutsha olukwiminyaka efanayo kunye nesini.

UKUXHASA UMNTWANA WAKHO

Isinyathelo sokuqala ekuncedeni umntwana wakho ukuba afike kwisisindo esifanelekileyo kukuthetha nomboneleli womntwana. Umboneleli unokunceda ukuseta iinjongo ezisempilweni zokunciphisa umzimba kunye noncedo ekubekeni iliso kunye nenkxaso.

Zama ukuba lonke usapho lukujoyine ekwenzeni utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha enempilo. Izicwangciso zokuphulukana nobunzima babantwana zijolise kwimikhwa yokuphila esempilweni. Indlela yokuphila esempilweni ilungele wonke umntu, nokuba ukunciphisa umzimba akuyiyo eyona njongo iphambili.

Ukufumana inkxaso kubahlobo nakusapho kunokunceda umntwana wakho ukuba anciphise umzimba.

UKUTSHINTSHA INDLELA YOKUPHILA YOMNTWANA WAKHO

Ukutya ukutya okunezakha-mzimba kuthetha ukuba umntwana utya iintlobo ezifanelekileyo kunye namaxabiso okutya neziselo ukugcina umzimba uphilile.

• Bazi ubukhulu besahlulo esifanelekileyo seminyaka yomntwana wakho ukuze umntwana wakho afumane ukutya okwaneleyo ngaphandle kokutya kakhulu.
• Thenga ukutya okusempilweni kwaye ukubenze bafumaneke emntwaneni wakho.
• Khetha iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokutya okusempilweni kwiqela ngalinye lokutya. Yitya ukutya kwiqela ngalinye kwisidlo ngasinye.
• Funda ngakumbi ngokutya okunempilo kunye nokutya ngaphandle.
• Ukukhetha amashwamshwam kunye neziselo ezisempilweni kubantwana bakho kubalulekile.
• Iziqhamo kunye nemifuno lukhetho olufanelekileyo lokutya okulula. Zizele iivithamini kwaye zinamafutha amaninzi. Abanye abaqhekezi kunye neeshizi benza ukutya okulula okulula.
• Nciphisa ukutya okune-junk-ukutya okufana neetshiphusi, iilekese, ikeyiki, ii-cookies kunye ne-ayisikhrim. Eyona ndlela yokugcina abantwana ekutyeni ukutya okungenampilo okanye okunye ukutya okungenampilo kukungabinako oku kutya endlwini yakho.
• Gwema i-sodas, iziphuzo zezemidlalo, kunye namanzi athambileyo, ngakumbi ezo zenziwe ngeshukela okanye isiraphu yengqolowa. Ezi ziselo ziphezulu kwiikhalori kwaye zingakhokelela ekuzuzeni ubunzima. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, khetha iziselo ezinezihlanganisi ezenziwe ngabantu.

Qinisekisa ukuba abantwana banethuba lokuzibandakanya kwimisebenzi yomzimba esempilweni yonke imihla.

• Iingcali zicebisa abantwana ukuba bafumane imizuzu engama-60 yomsebenzi ophakathi yonke imihla. Umsebenzi ophakathi kuthetha ukuba uphefumla ngokunzulu ngakumbi kunalapho uphumle kwaye intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza kunesiqhelo.
• Ukuba umntwana wakho akayombaleki, fumana iindlela zokukhuthaza umntwana wakho ukuba asebenze ngakumbi.
• Khuthaza abantwana ukuba badlale, babaleke, bakhwele ibhayisekile, kwaye badlale imidlalo ngexesha labo lokuphumla.
• Abantwana akufuneki babukele ngaphezulu kweeyure ezi-2 zikamabonwakude ngosuku.

OKANYE OKUNOKUCINGA NGOKU

Thetha nomboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuba unike umntwana isisongezo sokunciphisa umzimba okanye amayeza emithi. Amabango amaninzi enziwa zezi mveliso ayinyani. Ezinye izongezo zinokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi.

Amayeza okunciphisa umzimba awanconywa kubantwana.

Utyando lweBariatric lwenziwa ngoku kwabanye abantwana, kodwa kuphela emva kokuba bekuyekile ukukhula.

Umntwana otyebileyo okanye otyebileyo kunokwenzeka ukuba atyebe okanye atyebe njengomntu omkhulu. Abantwana abatyebe ngoku bavelisa iingxaki zempilo ezazifudula zibonwa ngabantu abadala. Xa ezi ngxaki ziqala ebuntwaneni, zihlala zisiba qatha xa umntwana esiba mdala.

Abantwana abatyebe kakhulu basemngciphekweni wokuphuhlisa ezi ngxaki zempilo:

• Iswekile yegazi ephezulu (iswekile) okanye isifo seswekile.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi (uxinzelelo lwegazi).
• I-cholesterol yegazi ephezulu kunye ne-triglycerides (idyslipidemia okanye amafutha egazi aphezulu).
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo, ukungonwabi kwentliziyo, kunye nokubetha emva kwexesha ebomini.
• Iingxaki zamathambo kunye nokudibanisa - ubunzima obuninzi bubeka uxinzelelo emathanjeni nakumalungu. Oku kunokukhokelela kwi-osteoarthritis, isifo esibangela iintlungu ngokudibeneyo kunye nokuqina.
• Ukuyeka ukuphefumla ngexesha lokulala (i-apnea yokulala). Oku kunokubangela ukudinwa emini okanye ukulala, ukujonga kakubi, kunye neengxaki emsebenzini.

Amantombazana atyebe kakhulu kunokwenzeka ukuba angayi exesheni rhoqo.

Abantwana abatyebe ngokufuthi badla ngokungazixabisi. Basengozini yokuhlekiswa okanye yokuxhatshazwa, kwaye banokuba nobunzima bokwenza abahlobo.

Ukutyeba kakhulu - abantwana

• Ubude / itshathi yobunzima
• Ukutyeba komntwana

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UDaniels SR, uHassink SG; IKOMITI ENGOKONDLA. Indima kugqirha wabantwana kuthintelo lokuqala lokutyeba kakhulu. IPediatrics. 2015; 136 (1): e275-e292. IINKCUKACHA: 26122812 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26122812.

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UKumar S, uKelly AS. Ukuphononongwa kokutyeba kakhulu kwabantwana: ukusuka kwi-epidemiology, i-etiology, kunye ne-comorbidities kuvavanyo lweklinikhi kunye nonyango. Ikliniki yaseMayo. Ngo-2017; 92 (2): 251-265. IINKCUKACHA: 28065514 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28065514.

Umsebenzi woKhuseleko kwi-US Force Grossman DC, et al. Ukuvavanywa kokutyeba kakhulu ebantwaneni nakwishumi elivisayo: Isiteyitimenti seNkxaso yeeNkonzo zoThintelo sase-US. JAMA. Ngo-2017; 317 (23): 2417-2426. IINKCUKACHA: 28632874 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28632874.