Ityhefu yeMethylmercury

I-Methylmercury ityhefu yingqondo kunye nenkqubo yovalo yomonakalo kwimichiza yemethylmercury.

Eli nqaku lelolwazi kuphela. Ungayisebenzisi ukunyanga okanye ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kwetyhefu yokwenyani. Ukuba wena okanye umntu onaye unobungozi, fowunela inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911), okanye iziko lakho lokulawula ityhefu lingafikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba woncedo wasimahla weTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) ) naphi na eUnited States.

Imethylmercury

I-Methylmercury luhlobo lwe-mercury, isinyithi esilwelo kwiqondo lokushisa. Igama lesiqhulo lemekyuri sisilivere ekhawulezileyo. Uninzi lweekhompawundi eziqulathe i-mercury zinetyhefu. I-Methylmercury yindlela enobuthi kakhulu ye-mercury. Yenza xa iibhaktheriya zisabela nge-mercury emanzini, emhlabeni, okanye kwizityalo. Yayisetyenziselwa ukugcina ukutya okuziinkozo kufakwe kwizilwanyana.

Ityhefu yeMethylmercury yenzekile ebantwini abathe batya inyama kwizilwanyana ezazisitya ukutya okuziinkozo okuphathwe ngale ndlela ye-mercury. Ityhefu yokutya intlanzi emanzini engcoliswe yimethylmercury nayo yenzekile. Elinye lamanzi amaninzi yiMinamata Bay eJapan.

I-Methylmercury isetyenziswe kwizibane ze-fluorescent, iibhetri kunye ne-polyvinyl chloride. Ingcoliseko oluqhelekileyo lomoya namanzi.

Iimpawu zetyhefu ye-methylmercury zibandakanya:

• Ubumfama
• I-Cerebral palsy (intshukumo kunye nokulungelelanisa iingxaki, kunye nezinye iingxaki)
• Izithulu
• Iingxaki zokukhula
• Ukusebenza kwengqondo okungalunganga
• Ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi wemiphunga
• Intloko encinci (microcephaly)

Iintsana ezingekazalwa kunye neentsana zinomdla kakhulu kwiziphumo ze-methylmercury. I-Methylmercury ibangela ukonakala kwenkqubo ye-luvo (ingqondo kunye nomqolo). Ukuba mkhulu kangakanani umonakalo kuxhomekeke ekubeni ingakanani ityhefu engena emzimbeni. Uninzi lweempawu zetyhefu ye-mercury ziyafana neempawu zesifo sokukhubazeka kwengqondo. Ngapha koko, i-methylmercury icingelwa ukuba inokubangela uhlobo lwe-cerebral palsy.

I-FDA icebisa ukuba abasetyhini abakhulelweyo, okanye banokukhulelwa, kwaye oomama abangabongikazi baphephe iintlanzi ezinokuba namanqanaba angakhuselekanga e-methylmercury. Oku kubandakanya i-swordfish, i-king mackerel, ukrebe kunye ne-tilefish. Iintsana akufuneki zizitye ezi ntlanzi. Akukho mntu kufuneka atye nayiphi na kwezi ntlanzi zibanjwe ngabahlobo kunye nosapho. Buza kwisebe lezempilo lasekuhlaleni okanye likarhulumente malunga nezilumkiso malunga neentlanzi ezibanjiswe ekuhlaleni.

Abanye ababoneleli ngezempilo baphakamise inkxalabo malunga ne-ethyl mercury (thiomersal), ikhemikhali esetyenziswe kwezinye izitofu. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lubonisa ukuba izitofu zokugonya abantwana azikhokeleli kumanqanaba ayingozi e-mercury emzimbeni. Izitofu ezisetyenziswa ebantwaneni namhlanje ziqulathe kuphela isixa somthamo. Izitofu ezingafunekiyo zikhona.

Ngaba olu lwazi lukulungele:

• Ubudala bomntu, ubunzima, kunye nemeko (umzekelo, ngaba umntu uvukile kwaye ulumkile?)
• Umthombo wemekyuri
• Ixesha laliginyiwe, liphefumlelwe, okanye lichukunyiswe
• Isixa esiginye, sokurhoxa, okanye sokuchukumisa

Sukulibazisa ukubiza uncedo ukuba awulwazi olu lwazi lungentla.

Iziko lakho lokulawula ityhefu lingafikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba wenombolo yasimahla yasimahla kuTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na e-United States. Le nombolo yesizwe iya kukuvumela ukuba uthethe neengcali kwiityhefu. Baza kukunika eminye imiyalelo.

Le yinkonzo yasimahla neyimfihlo. Onke amaziko olawulo lwetyhefu aseMelika asebenzisa le nombolo yesizwe. Kuya kufuneka ubize ukuba unemibuzo malunga netyhefu okanye ukuthintela ityhefu. AKUFUNI ukuba ibe yingxakeko. Ungatsalela umnxeba nangasiphi na isizathu, iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki.

Umboneleli uya kulinganisa kwaye abeke esweni iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zomntu, kubandakanya iqondo lobushushu, ukubetha kwentliziyo, inqanaba lokuphefumla, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• ECG (electrocardiogram) okanye ukulandelwa kwentliziyo

Unyango lunokubandakanya:

• Ukusebenza kwamalahle ngomlomo okanye ngetyhubhu ngeempumlo esiswini, ukuba i-mercury iginyiwe
• I-Dialysis (umatshini wezintso)
• Ulwelo ngomthambo (ngo-IV)
• Iyeza lokunyanga iimpawu

Iimpawu azinakubuyiselwa umva. Nangona kunjalo, abahlali besiba mandundu ngaphandle kokuba kukho ukubhencwa okutsha kwimethylmercury, okanye umntu usesekuvezeni umthombo wokuqala.

Iingxaki zixhomekeke ekubeni imeko yomntu imbi kangakanani, kwaye zithini iimpawu zazo (ezinje ngobumfama okanye ukungeva).

Isifo iMinamata Bay; Ityhefu yetyhefu ye-Basra

• Inkqubo ye-nervous central kunye ne-peripheral system

USmith SA. Ukufumana i-neuropathies yangaphakathi. Ku: Swaiman KF, Ashwal S, Ferriero DM, et al, ii-eds. I-Swaiman's Pediatric Neurology: Imigaqo kunye nokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 142.

UTheobald JL, uMycyk MB. Intsimbi kunye nezinyithi ezinzima. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: Iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neKlinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 151.