Uhlobo lweHaemophilus influenzae b (Hib) Vaccine

Haemophilus influenzae Uhlobo lwe-b (Hib) sisifo esibi esibangelwa ziintsholongwane. Ihlala ichaphazela abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala. Inokuchaphazela nabantu abadala abaneemeko ezithile zonyango.

Umntwana wakho unokufumana isifo se-Hib ngokuba phakathi kwabanye abantwana okanye kubantu abadala abanokuba neebhaktiriya kwaye bangazi. Iintsholongwane zisasazeka ziye emntwini. Ukuba iintsholongwane zihlala empumlweni nasemqaleni womntwana, umntwana ngekhe agule. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha iintsholongwane zisasazeka emiphungeni okanye kwigazi, emva koko iHib inokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba sisifo seHib esihlaselayo.

Phambi kogonyo lwe-Hib, isifo se-Hib yayisesona sizathu siphambili se-bacterial meningitis phakathi kwabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala e-United States. I-Meningitis yintsholongwane yoluhlu lwengqondo kunye nentambo yomgogodla. Ingakhokelela ekonakaleni kwengqondo kunye nokungeva. Isifo se-Hib sinokubangela:

• ukukrala kwemiphunga
• ukudumba okungathethekiyo emqaleni, kusenza ukuba kubenzima ukuphefumla
• usulelo lwegazi, amalunga, amathambo, kunye nokugquma kwentliziyo
• ukufa

Phambi kogonyo lwe-Hib, malunga ne-20 000 yabantwana e-United States abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala bafumana isifo se-Hib minyaka le, kwaye malunga ne-3 ukuya kwi-6% yabo yafa.

Isitofu sokugonya se-Hib sinokuthintela isifo se-Hib. Ukusukela oko kwaqaliswa ukusetyenziswa kweyeza lokugonya le-Hib, inani lezehlo zesifo se-Hib esihlaselayo lehle ngaphezulu kwe-99%. Uninzi lwabantwana abaninzi banokufumana isifo se-Hib ukuba siyekile ukugonya.

Ziliqela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokugonya iHib ezikhoyo. Umntwana wakho uya kufumana iidosi ezi-3 okanye ezi-4, kuxhomekeke kweliphi iyeza elisetyenzisiweyo.

Iidosi zokugonya i-Hib zihlala zicetyiswa kule minyaka:

• I-Dose yokuqala: iinyanga ezi-2 ubudala
• Umthamo wesibini: iinyanga ezi-4 ubudala
• I-Dose yesithathu: iinyanga ezi-6 ubudala (ukuba ziyafuneka, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesitofu sokugonya)
• Ukugqibela / i-Booster Dose: iinyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezi-15 ubudala

Isitofu sokugonya se-Hib singanikwa ngaxeshanye nezinye izitofu zokugonya.

Isitofu sokugonya se-Hib sinokunikwa njengenxalenye yesitofu sokudibanisa. Izitofu zokudibanisa zenziwa xa iintlobo ezimbini okanye ezingaphezulu zokugonya zidityaniswe zadutyulwa, ukuze ugonyo olunye lukhusele kwisifo esingaphezulu kwesinye.

Abantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala kunye nabantu abadala abadingi ukuyifuna isitofu sokugonya se-Hib. Kodwa kunokucetyiswa kubantwana abadala okanye abantu abadala abane-asplenia okanye isifo seeseli, ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukususa udakada, okanye ukulandela ukufakelwa komongo wethambo. Kungacetyiswa kwakhona kubantu abaneminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-18 ubudala abane-HIV. Buza ugqirha wakho ngeenkcukacha.

Ugqirha wakho okanye umntu okunika iyeza unokukunika ulwazi oluthe kratya.

Isitofu sokugonya se-Hib akufuneki sinikwe iintsana ezingaphantsi kweeveki ezi-6 ubudala.

Umntu owakha wanesifo esisongela ubomi emva kwethamo langaphambili lesitofu sokugonya se-Hib, OKANYE unesifo esibi kakhulu kuyo nayiphi na inxenye yeli chiza, akufuneki afumane isitofu sokugonya se-Hib. Xelela umntu onika isitofu malunga naziphi na izinto ezaliwa kakhulu.

Abantu abagula kancinci banokufumana isitofu sokugonya se-Hib. Abantu abagula ngokuphakathi okanye abagula kakhulu kufuneka balinde de bachache. Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezononophelo lwempilo ukuba umntu ofumana isitofu sokugonya akaziva mnandi ngomhla wokudubula.

Ngalo naliphi na iyeza, kubandakanya nezitofu zokugonya, kukho amathuba okuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Oku kuhlala kubumnene kwaye kuyahamba ngokwakho. Ukuphendula nzulu kunokwenzeka kwakhona kodwa kunqabile.

Uninzi lwabantu abafumana isitofu sokugonya se-Hib abanangxaki ngalo.

Iingxaki ezinobunzima kulandela isitofu sokugonya seHib

• ubomvu, ukufudumala, okanye ukudumba apho kunikezelwe khona
• ifiva

Ezi ngxaki aziqhelekanga. Ukuba ziyenzeka, zihlala ziqala kwakamsinya emva kokudutyulwa zize zihlale iintsuku ezi-2 okanye ezi-3.

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka emva kwalo naliphi na ugonyo

Nawaphi na amayeza anokubangela ukusabela okungafunekiyo. Ukuphendula okunjalo okuvela kwisitofu sokugonya kunqabile kakhulu, kuqikelelwa ngaphantsi kwe-1 kwisigidi sedosi, kwaye kuya kwenzeka kwimizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kogonyo.

Njengalo naliphi na iyeza, kukho amathuba okuba isitofu esibangela ukwenzakala okanye ukufa.

Abantwana abadala, abakwishumi elivisayo, kunye nabantu abadala banokuba nazo ezi ngxaki emva kwako nakuphi na ukugonya:

• Abantu ngamanye amaxesha batyhafa emva kwenkqubo yezonyango, kubandakanya nokugonya. Ukuhlala okanye ukungqengqa malunga nemizuzu eli-15 kunokunceda ukuthintela ukuphelelwa ngamandla, kunye nokulimala okubangelwa kukuwa. Tshela ugqirha wakho ukuba uziva unesiyezi, okanye utshintshe umbono okanye ukhala ezindlebeni.
• Abanye abantu bafumana iintlungu eziqatha emagxeni kwaye banobunzima bokuhambisa ingalo apho kunikezelwe khona. Oku kwenzeka kakhulu kunqabile.

Ukhuseleko lwamachiza luhlala lubekwe esweni. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya, ndwendwela http://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/.

Kufuneka ndijonge ntoni?

• Khangela nantoni na ekuxhalabisayo, njengeempawu zokungabikho komzimba, umkhuhlane ophezulu, okanye ukuziphatha okungaqhelekanga.
• Iimpawu zokungaziphathi kakuhle zingabandakanya imihlathi, ukudumba kobuso kunye nomqala, ukuphefumla nzima, ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo, isiyezi kunye nobuthathaka. Ezi zihlala ziqala imizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kogonyo.

Ndingenza ntoni?

• Ukuba ucinga ukuba sisenzo esibi kakhulu okanye enye imeko kaxakeka engakwazi ukulinda, tsalela umnxeba u-9-1-1 kwaye ufumane umntu esibhedlele esikufutshane. Ngaphandle koko, biza ugqirha wakho.
• Emva koko, impendulo kufuneka ixelwe kwiNkqubo yokuNgxelo ngezeMeko yokuGonya (VAERS). Ugqirha wakho unokufaka le ngxelo, okanye ungayenza ngokwakho kwiwebhusayithi ye-VAERS apha http://www.vaers.hhs.gov, okanye ngokutsalela umnxeba ku-1-800-822-7967.

IVAERS ayiniki ngcebiso ngonyango.

INkqubo kaZwelonke yokuXhasa uNyango yokuThintela ukuVavanya (i-VICP) yinkqubo yomdibaniso eyenzelwe ukuhlawulela abantu abanokwenzakala zizitofu ezithile.

Abantu abakholelwa ukuba bangonzakaliswa ligonyo bangafunda ngale nkqubo kunye nokugcwalisa ibango ngokutsalela umnxeba ku-1-800-338-2382 okanye ngokundwendwela iwebhusayithi ye-VICP apha http://www.hrsa.gov/vaccinecompensation. Kukho umda wexesha lokufaka ibango kwimbuyekezo.

• Buza ugqirha wakho. Unokukunika into yokufaka isitofu okanye ucebise ngeminye imithombo yolwazi.
• Tsalela umnxeba isebe lezempilo lasekuhlaleni okanye likarhulumente.
• Nxibelelana namaZiko oLawulo noKuthintela iZifo (CDC): Tsalela umnxeba ku-1-800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO) okanye undwendwele iwebhusayithi ye-CDC apha http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines.

Uhlobo lweHaemophilus influenzae uhlobo b (Hib) Ingxelo yeNgcaciso ye-Vaccine. ISebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zaBantu / amaZiko oLawulo lweZifo kunye noThintelo lweNkqubo yokuGonya kaZwelonke. 4/2/2015.

• UmthethoHIB^®
• IHiberix^®
• Ulwelo Pedvax HIB^®

• Ikhomishini^® (iqulethe i-Haemophilus influenzae type b, Hepatitis B)
• AmadodaHibrix^® (iqulethe iHaemophilus influenzae type b, Meningococcal Vaccine)
• IPentacel^® (iqulethe iDiphtheria, iTetanus Toxoids, Acellular Pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Polio Vaccine)

• I-DTaP-IPV / Hib
• Hib
• IHib-HepB
• I-Hib-MenCY