Uvavanyo lweAlpha Fetoprotein (AFP)

Umxholo

• Yintoni uvavanyo lwe-AFP (alpha-fetoprotein)?
• Isetyenziselwa ntoni?
• Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lwe-AFP?
• Yintoni eyenzekayo ngexesha lokuvavanywa kwethumba le-AFP?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?
• Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?
• Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?
• Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga novavanyo lokumakishwa kwethumba lwe-AFP?
• Izalathiso

Yintoni uvavanyo lwe-AFP (alpha-fetoprotein)?

I-AFP imele i-alpha-fetoprotein. Yiprotein eyenziwe kwisibindi somntwana okhulayo. Amanqanaba e-AFP ahlala ephezulu xa kuzalwa usana, kodwa awe kumanqanaba asezantsi kakhulu xa eneminyaka eyi-1. Abantu abadala abasempilweni kufuneka babe namanqanaba asezantsi kakhulu e-AFP.

Uvavanyo lwe-AFP lwe-tumor marker luvavanyo lwegazi olulinganisa amanqanaba e-AFP kubantu abadala. Izimpawu zethumba zizinto ezenziwe ziiseli zomhlaza okanye ziiseli eziqhelekileyo ekuphenduleni kumhlaza emzimbeni. Amanqanaba aphezulu e-AFP anokuba luphawu lomhlaza wesibindi okanye umhlaza kwii-ovari okanye amasende, kunye nezifo zesibindi ezingafakwanga njengesifo sokuqina kwesibindi kunye nesifo sokuqina kwesibindi.

Amanqanaba aphezulu e-AFP akasoloko ethetha umhlaza, kwaye amanqanaba aqhelekileyo akasoloko ewukhupha umhlaza. Ke uvavanyo lokumakishwa kwethumba lwe-AFP alusoloko lusetyenziswa lulodwa ukukhusela okanye ukufumanisa umhlaza. Kodwa inokunceda ukufumanisa umhlaza xa isetyenziswa kolunye uvavanyo. Uvavanyo lungasetyenziselwa ukunceda ukubeka esweni ukusebenza konyango lomhlaza kunye nokubona ukuba umhlaza ubuyile emva kokuba ulugqibile unyango.

Amanye amagama: iyonke i-AFP, i-alpha-fetoprotein-L3 Ipesenti

Isetyenziselwa ntoni?

Uvavanyo lokumakishwa kwethumba lwe-AFP lungasetyenziselwa:

• Nceda uqinisekise okanye ulawule ukuxilongwa komhlaza wesibindi okanye umhlaza wamaqanda okanye amasende.
• Ukubeka iliso kunyango lomhlaza. Amanqanaba e-AFP ahlala enyuka ukuba umhlaza uyasasazeka kwaye uyehla xa unyango lusebenza.
• Jonga ukuba umhlaza ubuyile emva konyango.
• Ukubeka iliso kwimpilo yabantu abane-cirrhosis okanye i-hepatitis.

Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lwe-AFP?

Unokufuna uvavanyo lokumakishwa kwesifo se-AFP ukuba uvavanyo lomzimba kunye / okanye ezinye iimvavanyo zibonisa ukuba unethuba lokuba nomhlaza wesibindi okanye umhlaza wamaqanda okanye amasende. Umboneleli wakho angayalela uvavanyo lwe-AFP ukunceda ukuqinisekisa okanye ukukhupha iziphumo zezinye iimvavanyo.

Unokulufuna olu vavanyo ukuba ngaba ngoku unyangwa enye yezi zomhlaza, okanye unyango olusandula ukugqitywa. Uvavanyo lunokunceda umboneleli wakho ukuba abone ukuba unyango lwakho luyasebenza okanye ukuba umhlaza wakho ubuyile emva konyango.

Ukongeza, unokulufuna olu vavanyo ukuba unesifo sesibindi esingonakalisiyo. Izifo ezithile zesibindi zinokukubeka emngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana umhlaza wesibindi.

Yintoni eyenzekayo ngexesha lokuvavanywa kwethumba le-AFP?

Ingcali yokhathalelo lwempilo iyakuthatha isampulu yegazi kumthambo engalweni yakho, isebenzisa inaliti encinci. Emva kokuba inaliti ifakiwe, inani elincinci legazi liya kuqokelelwa kwityhubhu yovavanyo okanye igutyana. Unokuziva uluma kancinci xa inaliti ingena okanye iphuma. Oku kuhlala kuthatha imizuzu engaphantsi kwesihlanu.

Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?

Awudingi nawaphi na amalungiselelo akhethekileyo kuvavanyo lwethumba lwe-AFP.

Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?

Mncinci kakhulu umngcipheko wokuvavanywa kwegazi. Unokuba nentlungu encinci okanye ukrakra kwindawo apho inaliti yafakwa khona, kodwa uninzi lweempawu zihamba ngokukhawuleza.

Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?

Ukuba iziphumo zakho zibonisa amanqanaba aphezulu e-AFP, inokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa komhlaza wesibindi, okanye umhlaza wamaqanda okanye amasende.Ngamanye amaxesha, amanqanaba aphezulu e-AFP angangumqondiso wezinye iintlobo zomhlaza, kubandakanya isifo seHodgkin kunye ne-lymphoma, okanye ukuphazamiseka kwesibindi.

Ukuba unyangwa umhlaza, unokuvavanywa amatyeli amaninzi kunyango lwakho. Emva kovavanyo oluphindaphindiweyo, iziphumo zakho zingabonisa:

• Amanqanaba akho e-AFP ayanda. Oku kunokuthetha ukuba umhlaza wakho uyasasazeka, kwaye / okanye unyango lwakho alusebenzi.
• Amanqanaba akho e-AFP ayancipha. Oku kunokuthetha ukuba unyango lwakho luyasebenza.
• Amanqanaba akho e-AFP awanyukanga okanye anciphile. Oku kunokuthetha ukuba isifo sakho sizinzile.
• Amanqanaba akho e-AFP anciphile, kodwa kamva anda. Oku kunokuthetha ukuba umhlaza wakho ubuyile emva kokuba unyangwe.

Funda ngakumbi malunga novavanyo lwelabhoratri, uluhlu lweereferensi, kunye neziphumo zokuqonda.

Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga novavanyo lokumakishwa kwethumba lwe-AFP?

Usenokuba uvile ngolunye uhlobo lovavanyo lwe-AFP olunikwa abanye abasetyhini abakhulelweyo. Nangona ikwalinganisa amanqanaba e-AFP egazini, olu vavanyo alusetyenziswa ngendlela efanayo novavanyo lokumakishwa kwethumba lwe-AFP. Isetyenziselwa ukukhangela umngcipheko weziphene ezithile zokuzalwa kwaye ayinanto yakwenza nomhlaza okanye isifo sesibindi.

Izalathiso

1. I-Allina yezeMpilo [kwi-Intanethi]. IMinneapolis: Impilo ka-Allina; Umlinganiso weAlpha-1-fetoprotein, serum; [ihlaziywe ngo-2016 kuMatshi 29; icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 25]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://account.allinahealth.org/library/content/49/150027
2. Umbutho waseMelika woMhlaza [kwi-Intanethi]. IAtlanta: Umbutho waseMelika woMhlaza Inc .; c2018. Ngaba umhlaza wesibindi unokufunyanwa kwangoko ?; [ihlaziywe ngo-2016 kuMatshi 28; icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 25]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/liver-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/detection.html
3. Umbutho waseMelika woMhlaza [kwi-Intanethi]. IAtlanta: Umbutho waseMelika woMhlaza Inc .; c2020. Zisetyenziswa njani na iindlela zonyango ezijolise ekunyangeni umhlaza; [ihlaziywe ngo-2019 Dec 27; kucatshulwe ngo-2020 ngoMeyi 16]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-4]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/treatment-types/targeted-therapy/what-is.html
4. Umhlaza.Intanethi [kwi-Intanethi]. IAlexandria (VA): Umbutho waseMelika woNyango lweZonyango; 2005-2018. I-Germ Cell Tumor- Ubuntwana: Ukuxilongwa; 2018 Jan [icatshulwe ngowama-2018 kaJulayi 25]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/germ-cell-tumor-childhood/diagnosis
5. Umhlaza.net [kwi-Intanethi]. IAlexandria (VA): Umbutho waseMelika woNyango lweZonyango; c2005-2020. Ukuqonda unyango ekujoliswe kulo; 2019 Jan 20 [icatshulwe ngowama-2020 ngoMeyi 16]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-4]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/how-cancer-treated/personalized-and-targeted-therapies/understanding-targeted-therapy
6. Amayeza kaJohn Hopkins [kwi-Intanethi]. Unyango lukaJohn Hopkins; ILayibrari yezeMpilo: Umhlaza wesibindi (iHepatocellular Carcinoma); [icatshulwe ngo-2018 ngoJulayi 25]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/adult/digestive_disorders/liver_cancer_hepatocellular_carcinoma_22,livercancerhepatocellularcarcinoma
7. Uvavanyo lweLebhu kwi-Intanethi [kwi-Intanethi]. IWashington DC: Umbutho waseMelika weKlinikhi yeKhemistry; c2001–2018. I-Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) Isiphawuli seThumba; [ihlaziywe ngo-2018 Feb 1; icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 25]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/alpha-fetoprotein-afp-tumor-marker
8. Ikliniki yaseMayo [kwi-Intanethi]. Isiseko seMayo seMfundo yezoNyango noPhando; c1998–2018. Uvavanyo lwegazi lomhlaza: uvavanyo lwelebhu esetyenziselwa ukuxilongwa komhlaza: 2016 Nov 22 [icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 25]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-4]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cancer/in-depth/cancer-diagnosis/art-20046459
9. Ikliniki yaseMayo: Mayo Medical Laboratories [kwi-Intanethi]. Isiseko seMayo seMfundo yezoNyango noPhando; c1995–2018. I-ID yovavanyo: AFP: I-Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP), iMarker Tumor, iSerum: Iiklinikhi kunye nokutolika; [icatshulwe ngo-2018 ngoJulayi 25]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-4]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.mayomedicallaboratories.com/test-catalog/Clinical+and+Interpretive/8162
10. Umdibaniso wencwadi yomsebenzisi yenguqulo [ye-Intanethi]. I-Kenilworth (NJ): iMerck kunye ne-Co Inc. .; c2018. Uxilongo lomhlaza; [icatshulwe ngo-2018 ngoJulayi 25]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/cancer/overview-of-cancer/diagnosis-of-cancer
11. IZiko leSizwe loMhlaza [kwi-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): Isebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu; Iimpawu zeThumba; [icatshulwe ngo-2018 ngoJulayi 25]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-4]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/diagnosis/tumor-markers-fact-sheet
12. Intliziyo kaZwelonke, iMiphunga, kunye neZiko leGazi [kwi-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): Isebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu; Uvavanyo lwegazi; [icatshulwe ngo-2018 ngoJulayi 25]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-tests
13. I-Oncolink [i-Intanethi]. IPhiladelphia: Iitrasti zeDyunivesithi yasePennsylvania; c2018. Isikhokelo soMguli kuMakishi; [ihlaziywe ngo-2018 nge-5 kaMatshi; icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 25]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.oncolink.org/cancer-treatment/procedures-diagnostic-tests/blood-tests-tumor-diagnostic-tests/patient-guide-to-tumor-markers
14. IPerkins, i-GL, iSlater ED, iSanders GK, iPritchard JG. Iimpawu zeSumum Tumor. NdinguGqirha weNdawo [kwi-Intanethi]. I-2003 Sep 15 [icatshulwe ngowama-2018 kaJulayi 25]; 68 (6): 1075-82. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.aafp.org/afp/2003/0915/p1075.html
15. IYunivesithi yaseRochester Medical Centre [i-Intanethi]. URochester (NY): KwiYunivesithi yaseRochester Medical Centre; c2018. Health Encyclopedia: I-Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP); [icatshulwe ngo-2018 ngoJulayi 25]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=90&contentid=P02426
16. IYunivesithi yaseRochester Medical Centre [i-Intanethi]. URochester (NY): KwiYunivesithi yaseRochester Medical Centre; c2018. Health Encyclopedia: Alpha-Fetoprotein Tumor Marker (Igazi); [icatshulwe ngo-2018 ngoJulayi 25]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid=alpha_fetoprotein_tumor_marker
17. U-Wang X, u-Wang Q. i-Alpha-Fetoprotein kunye neHepatocellular Carcinoma Immunity. Ngaba uJ Gastroenterol Hepatol. [Intanethi]. 2018 uEpreli 1 [icatshulwe ngowama-2020 ngoMeyi 16]; 2018: 9049252. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5899840

Ulwazi olukule ndawo akufuneki lusetyenziswe endaweni yonyango okanye iingcebiso. Nxibelelana nomboneleli wezempilo ukuba unemibuzo malunga nempilo yakho.