Anemia aplastic: yintoni, iimpawu eziphambili kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu ze-aplastic anemia
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Izizathu eziphambili
• Unyango lwe-aplastic anemia

I-aplastic anemia luhlobo lomongo wethambo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukuphazamiseka kwegazi, okubonakala ngokuhla kwenani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ii-leukocyte kunye neeplatelets ezijikelezayo, ezibonisa imeko ye-pancytopenia. Le meko inokubakho kwasekuzalweni okanye ifunyenwe ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye inokubangelwa kukusetyenziswa kwamayeza athile okanye ukunxibelelana rhoqo nezinto zamachiza, umzekelo.

Ngenxa yokuba umongo wethambo awukwazi ukuvelisa iiseli zegazi ezisebenzayo kunye nobungakanani obaneleyo, iimpawu kunye neempawu zolu hlobo lwe-anemia ziqala ukubonakala, ezinje nge-pallor, ukudinwa kakhulu, usulelo oluqhelekileyo kunye nokubonakala kwamabala amfusa eluswini. ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo.

Iimpawu ze-aplastic anemia

Iimpawu kunye neempawu ze-aplastic anemia zivela ngenxa yokuhla kwenani lokujikeleza kweeseli zegazi, ezona ziphambili zezi:

• Ukutshatyalaliswa kwesikhumba kunye neembrane ezinamaqabunga;
• Amatyala aliqela osulelo ngonyaka;
• Iimpawu ezimfusa eluswini ngaphandle kwesizathu;
• Ukopha okukhulu nokuba kukucheba okuncinci;
• Ukudinwa,
• Ukuphefumla okufutshane;
• Tachycardia;
• Ukopha kwiintsini;
• Isiyezi;
• Intloko ebuhlungu;
• Irhashalala eluswini.

Ukongeza, kwezinye iimeko kunokubakho utshintsho kwizintso nakwindlela yokuchama, olu tshintsho luhlala luxhaphakile kwimeko ye-Fanconi anemia, eluhlobo lwe-anemia ye-aplastic yokuzalwa. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-Fanconi's anemia.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-anemia ye-aplastic yenziwa ngokusekwe kuvavanyo lweemvavanyo zaselebhu, ikakhulu ukubalwa kwegazi, okubonisa ukuhla kunexabiso eliphakanyisiweyo leeseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi neeplatelets.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, ugqirha uhlala ecela ukwenza i-myelogram, ejolise ekuvavanyeni ukuba imveliso yeseli ingumongo wethambo, ukongeza ekwenzeni umongo wethambo. Qonda ukuba yintoni ithambo lomongo wethambo kwaye lenziwa njani.

Kwezinye iimeko, ngakumbi xa i-aplastic anemia ifunyenwe iyinto yokuzalwa, ugqirha unokucela iimvavanyo zokucinga ukuvavanya indlela yokuchama kunye nezintso, kunye novavanyo lwelabhoratri oluvavanya le nkqubo, njenge-urea kunye ne-creatinine, umzekelo.

Izizathu eziphambili

Utshintsho kumongo wethambo okhokelela kwi-aplastic anemia inokuba yinto yokuzalwa okanye ifunyenwe. Kwi-anemia ye-aplastic yokuzalwa, umntwana uzalwa ngolu tshintsho, ekhulisa iimpawu kwiminyaka yokuqala yobomi.

Kwelinye icala, i-aplastic anemia efumanekayo ikhula ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye inokunxulunyaniswa nokusetyenziswa kwamayeza, ngenxa yezifo ezizimela kunye nosulelo lwentsholongwane, okanye ngenxa yokuvezwa rhoqo kwezinye izinto eziyityhefu, ezona ziphambili yi-bismuth, i-pesticides , izinambuzane, i-chloramphenicol, iityuwa zegolide kunye neemveliso zepetroleum.

Unyango lwe-aplastic anemia

Unyango lwe-aplastic anemia lujolise ekunciphiseni iimpawu kunye nokukhuthaza umongo wethambo ukuvelisa iiseli zegazi ezaneleyo ezinakho ukwenza imisebenzi yazo.

Ke, kunokucetyiswa utofelo-gazi, ngenxa yokuba iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeplatelets ziyatofelwa, ubukhulu becala, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhulule iimpawu, kuba kuya kubakho isixa esikhulu seoksijini esihanjiswa ziiseli. Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics emthanjeni kunceda ukomeleza amajoni omzimba, ukunceda ukulwa nosulelo.

Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza anceda ukukhuthaza umsebenzi womongo wethambo kunye neyeza lokuzikhusela emzimbeni, njengeMethylprednisolone, iCyclosporine kunye nePrednisone, nazo zingabonakaliswa.

Ngaphandle kolu nyango, inye kuphela esebenzayo ukunyanga i-aplastic anemia kukufakelwa komongo wethambo, apho umntu afumana umongo wethambo osebenza ngokugqibeleleyo, okhuthaza ukwakheka kweeseli zegazi ngexabiso elifanelekileyo. Qonda ukuba yintoni ukufakelwa komongo wethambo kwaye kusebenza njani.