Ukunyanga ukuyeka ukuya exesheni nge-Antidepressants

Umxholo

• Zeziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo?
• Zeziphi izibonelelo zokudakumba xa uyeka ukuya exesheni?
• Zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-anti-depressants?
• Ngaba i-anti-depressants ikhuselekile?
• Isifo seSerotonin
• Umgca wezantsi

Zithini i-anti-depressants?

Ukuxinezeleka ngamayeza anceda ukunyanga iimpawu zokudakumba. Uninzi lwefuthe kuhlobo lwekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-neurotransmitter. I-Neurotransmitters ithwala imiyalezo phakathi kweeseli kwingqondo yakho.

Ngaphandle kwegama labo, i-anti-depressants inokunyanga iimeko ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle koxinzelelo. Oku kubandakanya:

• unxunguphalo kunye nokuphazamiseka
• iingxaki zokutya
• ukuphuthelwa
• iintlungu ezingapheliyo
• migraines

Ukuxinezeleka kunokunceda ukuphatha iimpawu zokuyeka ukuya esikhathini. Funda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nezibonelelo zokuthintela uxinzelelo lokuyeka ukuya exesheni.

Zeziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo?

Kukho iindidi ezine eziphambili zokuxinezeleka:

• Ukukhetha i-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (i-SSRIs). Ii-SSRI zonyusa inani le-neurotransmitter serotonin kwingqondo yakho. Oogqirha bahlala bemisela ezi zinto zokuqala kuba zibangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa.
• I-Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). I-SNRI inyusa inani le-serotonin kunye ne-norepinephrine kwingqondo yakho.
• I-Tricyclic yoxinzelelo. Oku kugcina i-serotonin kunye ne-norepinephrine engakumbi ekhoyo kwingqondo yakho.
• I-Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). I-Serotonin, i-norepinephrine, kunye ne-dopamine zonke zii-monoamines. I-monoamine luhlobo lwe-neurotransmitter. Umzimba wakho ngokwendalo wenza i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuba yi-monoamine oxidase ewonakalisayo. I-MAOIs isebenza ngokuthintela le enzyme ekusebenzeni kwii-monoamines kwingqondo yakho. Nangona kunjalo, ii-MAOIs azifane zichazwe, njengoko zinokubangela iziphumo ezibi kakhulu.

Zeziphi izibonelelo zokudakumba xa uyeka ukuya exesheni?

Ukuxinezeleka kunokubonelela ukukhululeka kwiimpawu ze-vasomotor zokuyeka ukuya esikhathini. Iimpawu zeVasomotor zibandakanya imithambo yegazi. Babandakanya izinto ezinje:

• kushushu
• ukubila ebusuku
• ukugungxula ulusu

Ezi zezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo zokuyeka ukuya exesheni. Phantse abasetyhini abayeka ukuya exesheni bafumana ezi mpawu, kuphononongo olwenziwe ngo-2014.

Izifundo zibonisa ukuba iidosi ezisezantsi ze-SSRI okanye ii-SNRI zinokunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu ze-vasomotor, ngakumbi ukukhanya okutshisayo kunye nokubila ebusuku. Umzekelo, kufunyenwe ukuba idosi esezantsi ye-SNRI venlafaxine (i-Effexor) isebenza phantse kunye nonyango lwesiqhelo lwehomoni ekunciphiseni ukukhanya okushushu.

Enye ukusuka ku-2015 yafumanisa ukuba idosi esezantsi ye-SSRI paroxetine (Paxil) iphucule umgangatho wokulala kubantu basetyhini abaya exesheni. Ukulala okuphuculiweyo kwabathathi-nxaxheba kungenxa yeempawu ze-vasomotor ezimbalwa ngexesha lobusuku ngelixa bethatha iparoxetine.

Iziphumo zolu vavanyo ziyathembisa, kodwa iingcali aziqinisekanga ukuba kutheni ii-SSRI kunye nee-SNRI zinciphisa iimpawu ze-vasomotor. Inokunxulumana nokukwazi kwabo ukulinganisa amanqanaba e-norepinephrin kunye ne-serotonin. Zombini ezi neurotransmitters zinceda ukuzinzisa ubushushu bomzimba.

Gcina ukhumbula ukuba ii-anti-depressants zaziwa ngokunceda ngokutshisa okushushu kunye nokubila ebusuku. Ukuba ujonge ukunyanga ezinye iimpawu zokuyeka ukuya exesheni, unyango lwehomoni lunokuba lolona khetho lusebenzayo.

Zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-anti-depressants?

Ukuxinezeleka kunokubangela uluhlu lweempembelelo. Ii-SSRI ngokubanzi zibangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uzame olu hlobo kuqala.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-anti-depressants zibandakanya:

• umlomo owomileyo
• isicaphucaphu
• uvalo
• ukungazinzi
• ukuphuthelwa
• iingxaki zesondo, ezinje ngokungasebenzi kakuhle emzimbeni

I-Tricyclic antidepressants, kubandakanya i-amitriptyline, inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ezinje:

• ukungaboni kakuhle
• ukuqhina
• Yehla kuxinzelelo lwegazi xa umile
• ukugcinwa komchamo
• ukozela

Iziphumo ezichaseneyo noxinzelelo ziyahluka phakathi kwamayeza, nkqu kuhlobo olunye lwe-antidepressant. Sebenza nogqirha wakho ukukhetha i-antidepressant ebonelela ngeyona nto inenzuzo ngeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa. Kuya kufuneka uzame ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba ufumane ezisebenzayo.

Ngaba i-anti-depressants ikhuselekile?

Amayeza okulwa noxinzelelo ngokubanzi akhuselekile. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwee-anti-depressants ezisetyenziselwa iimpawu zokuyeka ukuya exesheni zithathwa njengokusetyenziswa kwelebheli engekhoyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba abavelisi be-antidepressant khange baqhube izilingo ezifanayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza xa kuziwa kunyango olushushu kunye nokubila ebusuku.

Kukho iyeza elinye elibizwa ngokuba yiBrisdelle elifundwe yiU.S.Ukutya noLawulo lweeDrug (FDA) ngokukodwa ukunyanga iimpawu ze-vasomotor. Kubonakalisiwe kusebenza ekunciphiseni ukukhanya okushushu kunye nokubila ebusuku ngexesha lokuyeka ukuya exesheni.

I-anti-depressants iyakwazi ukunxibelelana namanye amayeza, ke qiniseka ukuxelela ugqirha wakho malunga nayo yonke into oyithengayo kunye neyeza. Oku kubandakanya iivithamini kunye nezongezo ngokunjalo.

Kuya kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo:

• cholesterol ephezulu
• imbali yesifo sentliziyo
• umngcipheko okhulayo wokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye ukubetha
• iglaucoma
• iprotrate eyandisiweyo

Ugqirha wakho unokukunceda ulinganise izibonelelo kunye neengozi zokusebenzisa i-anti-depressants kwiimpawu zokuyeka ukuya exesheni.

Isifo seSerotonin

I-Serotonin syndrome yimeko enqabileyo kodwa enzima eyenzekayo xa amanqanaba akho e-serotonin ephezulu kakhulu. Kuhlala kwenzeka xa usebenzisa i-anti-depressants, ngakumbi ii-MAOIs, kunye namanye amayeza, izongezo, okanye iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni ezonyusa amanqanaba akho e-serotonin.

Izinto ezinokusebenzisana ne-anti-depressants kunye ne-serotonin syndrome zibandakanya:

• Dextromethorphan. Esi sisithako esiqhelekileyo kumayeza abandayo kunye nawokukhohlela.
• IiTriptans. Olu luhlobo lwamayeza e-antimigraine.
• Izongezo zemifuno. Oku kubandakanya i-ginseng kunye neSt.
• Iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni. Oku kubandakanya i-LSD, i-ecstasy, icocaine, kunye neeamphetamines.
• Ezinye iziyobisi.

Funa unyango lonyango olungxamisekileyo ukuba ufumana enye yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ngelixa uthatha i-anti-depressants:

• ukudideka
• ukudumba kwemisipha kunye neenyikima
• ukuqina kwemisipha
• ukubila
• ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza
• Ingqondo egqithisileyo
• abafundi abaxubileyo
• ukuxhuzula
• ukungaphenduli

Umgca wezantsi

Ukunyanga ukuqaqamba okushushu kunye nokubila ebusuku yenye yezona zixhobo zisetyenziswayo ngaphandle kwelebheli yezinye izidambisi. Kutshanje, i-FDA ivume ukusetyenziswa kweBrisdelle kwezi mpawu.

Iidosi ezisezantsi ze-anti-depressants zihlala zibangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko othile kunyango lwehomoni. Nangona kunjalo, i-anti-depressants inceda kuphela kwiimpawu ezithile zokuyeka ukuya exesheni. Sebenza nogqirha wakho ukufumana olona nyango lusebenzayo lweempawu zakho.