Uvavanyo lwe-Antimitochondrial Antibody (AMA)

Umxholo

• Kutheni uvavanyo lwe-AMA luyalelwe?
• Uvavanyo lwe-AMA lwenziwa njani?
• Buphi ubungozi bovavanyo lwe-AMA?
• Ukuqonda iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-AMA

Yintoni uvavanyo lweantimitochondrial antibody?

I-mitochondria yenza amandla kwiiseli ezisemzimbeni wakho. Zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwesiqhelo kwazo zonke iiseli.

Iintsholongwane ze-Antimitochondrial (AMAs) ngumzekelo wempendulo ezenzekelayo eyenzeka xa umzimba ujikeleza kwiiseli zawo, izicwili kunye namalungu. Xa oku kusenzeka, amajoni omzimba ahlasela umzimba ngokungathi sisifo.

Uvavanyo lwe-AMA lubonisa amanqanaba aphakamileyo ezi ntsholongwane egazini lakho. Uvavanyo luhlala lusetyenziselwa ukufumana imeko ye-autoimmune eyaziwa ngokuba yi-primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), eyayisaziwa njenge-cirrhosis yokuqala.

Kutheni uvavanyo lwe-AMA luyalelwe?

I-PBC ibangelwa kukuhlaselwa kwamajoni omzimba kwimibhobho encinci yenyongo ngaphakathi kwesibindi. Ukulimala kwemibhobho yenyongo kubangela amanxeba, anokukhokelela ekusileleni kwesibindi. Le meko izisa umngcipheko owandayo womhlaza wesibindi.

Iimpawu ze-PBC zibandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• ukurhawuzelela ulusu
• ubumthubi besikhumba, okanye i-jaundice
• iintlungu kwisisu esisekunene
• ukudumba, okanye ukudumba kwezandla neenyawo
• ulwelo olwakhiweyo esiswini
• umlomo owomileyo namehlo
• ukuhla ukusinda

Uvavanyo lwe-AMA lusetyenziselwa ukunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwezonyango kwe-PBC. Uvavanyo lwe-AMA olungaqhelekanga lodwa alwanele ukufumanisa isifo. Ukuba oku kufanelekile, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela olunye uvavanyo, kubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

Amachiza alwa nenyukliya (ANA): Abanye abaguli abane-PBC baphinde bavavanye ukuba banazo ezi ntsholongwane.

Inguqu: Ii-enzymes alanine transaminase kunye ne-aspartate transaminase zichaze isibindi. Uvavanyo luya kuchonga izixa ezinyusiweyo, ezihlala zingumqondiso wesifo sesibindi.

Bilirubin: Le yinto eveliswa ngumzimba xa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zisonakala. Ikhutshwe ngomchamo kunye nelindle. Amanani aphezulu anokubonisa isifo sesibindi.

Ialbhamu: Le yiprotein eyenziwe esibindini. Amanqanaba asezantsi anokubonakalisa ukonakala kwesibindi okanye isifo.

Iprotheni esebenzayo yeC: Olu vavanyo luhlala lu-odolwa ukuba lufumanise isifo se-lupus okanye isifo sentliziyo, kodwa inokuba sisalathiso sezinye iimeko zokuzimela.

Amachiza omzimba a-anti-smooth muscle (ASMA): Olu vavanyo luhlala luqhutywa kunye novavanyo lwe-ANA kwaye luluncedo ekufumaneni isifo sokuqina kwesifo somzimba.

Uvavanyo lwe-AMA lunokusetyenziselwa ukujonga i-PBC ukuba uvavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo lubonisa ukuba unamanqanaba aphezulu e-alkaline phosphatase (ALP) kunesiqhelo. Inqanaba eliphakamileyo le-ALP linokuba luphawu lwe-bile duct okanye isifo se-gallbladder.

Uvavanyo lwe-AMA lwenziwa njani?

Uvavanyo lwe-AMA luvavanyo lwegazi. Umongikazi okanye ingcali izakutsala igazi lakho kumthambo okufuphi nengqiniba okanye isandla sakho. Eli gazi liza kuqokelelwa kumbhobho lize lithunyelwe elebhu ukuze lihlalutywe.

Ugqirha wakho uza kuqhagamshelana nawe ukuze akuchazele ngeziphumo zakho xa sele zifumaneka.

Buphi ubungozi bovavanyo lwe-AMA?

Unokufumana ukungonwabi xa kutsalwa isampulu yegazi. Kunokubakho iintlungu kwindawo yokuhlatywa ngexesha okanye emva kovavanyo. Ngokubanzi, umngcipheko wokutsalwa kwegazi awuncinci.

Iingozi ezinokubakho zibandakanya:

• ubunzima bokufumana isampulu, okukhokelela kwiinti ezininzi zeenaliti
• ukopha kakhulu kwindawo yenaliti
• ukuwa isiqaqa ngenxa yokulahleka kwegazi
• Ukuqokelelwa kwegazi phantsi kolusu, okwaziwa njengehematoma
• usulelo kwindawo yokuhlatywa

Akukho lungiselelo lufunekayo kolu vavanyo.

Ukuqonda iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-AMA

Iziphumo zovavanyo eziqhelekileyo azilunganga kwi-AMA. I-AMA eyakhayo ithetha ukuba kukho amanqanaba abonakalayo okulwa nezifo egazini. Nangona uvavanyo oluqinisekileyo lwe-AMA luhlala luhambelana ne-PBC, inokuba yinto elungileyo kwi-hepatitis, i-lupus, i-rheumatoid arthritis, kunye nesifo sokudibana. Ezi antibodies ziyinxalenye enye yesimo sokuzimela komzimba esiveliswa ngumzimba.

Ukuba uneziphumo ezincumisayo, uyakufuna uvavanyo olongezelelweyo ukuze uqinisekise isifo. Ngokukodwa, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela i-biopsy yesibindi ukuba ithathe isampulu kwisibindi. Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela i-CT okanye iMRI yesibindi sakho.