Buza ingcali: Nini ukujonga ingcali yokuChuma

Umxholo

• 1. Yenzani ingcali yenzala?
• 2. Ndiza kuzama ixesha elingakanani ukukhulelwa ngaphambi kokuba ndibone ugqirha wokuchuma?
• 3. Leliphi inyathelo lokuqala eliza kuthathwa yingcali yenzala ukuba umntu akakwazi ukukhawula?
• 4.Zeziphi iimvavanyo ekunoku-odolwa ugqirha wokuchuma, kwaye zithetha ntoni?
• 5. Zeziphi izinto zokuphila ezichaphazela ukuzala kwam, kwaye ngaba ikhona into endinokuyenza ukwandisa amathuba okuba ndikhulelwe?
• 6. Loluphi ukhetho lwam lonyango ukuba andikwazi ukukhulelwa?
• 7. Luphumelele kangakanani unyango lokuchuma?
• 8. Ngaba ingcali yenzala ingandinceda ndifumane inkxaso yeemvakalelo?
• 9. Ngaba lukhona uncedo olufumanekayo lokuxhasa ngemali unyango lokuchuma?

1. Yenzani ingcali yenzala?

Ingcali yenzala yi-OB-GYN enobungcali kwi-endocrinology yokuzala kunye nokungachumi. Iingcali zokuchuma zixhasa abantu kuyo yonke imiba yokhathalelo lokuzala. Oku kubandakanya unyango lokungachumi, izifo zofuzo ezinokuchaphazela abantwana bexesha elizayo, ukugcinwa kokuchuma, kunye neengxaki zesibeleko. Ziyanceda nakwimicimbi ye-ovulation njenge-amenorrhea, i-polycystic ovarian syndrome, kunye ne-endometriosis.

2. Ndiza kuzama ixesha elingakanani ukukhulelwa ngaphambi kokuba ndibone ugqirha wokuchuma?

Oku kuxhomekeke ekubeni ukhathazeke kangakanani kwaye loluphi ulwazi olufunayo. Abasetyhini abaninzi baya kufuna ukwenza uvavanyo lokuchuma ngaphambi kokuba bazame ukukhulelwa, okanye ukuba bazama ukucwangcisa ikamva labo lokuzala.

Ukuba ubungaphumeleli ukuzama ukukhulelwa, jonga ingcali yenzala emva kweenyanga ezili-12 ukuba ungaphantsi kweminyaka engama-35. Ukuba uneminyaka engama-35 okanye ngaphezulu, jonga emva kweenyanga ezintandathu.

3. Leliphi inyathelo lokuqala eliza kuthathwa yingcali yenzala ukuba umntu akakwazi ukukhawula?

Ngokwesiqhelo, ingcali yokuchuma iya kuqala ngokuvavanya imbali yakho epheleleyo yonyango. Kananjalo baya kufuna ukuphonononga naluphi na uvavanyo lwangaphambi kokuchuma okanye unyango olufumanileyo.

Njengenyathelo lokuqala, uya kuseka ukuba zeziphi iinjongo zakho zokufuna ukhathalelo lokuchuma. Umzekelo, abanye abantu banqwenela ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza, ngelixa abanye benethemba lokuthintela ungenelelo lonyango. Ezinye iinjongo zinokubandakanya ukuvavanywa kofuzo kwimibungu okanye kulondolozo lwenzalo.

4.Zeziphi iimvavanyo ekunoku-odolwa ugqirha wokuchuma, kwaye zithetha ntoni?

Ugqirha wokuchuma uhlala esenza ipaneli yovavanyo olupheleleyo ukuze afunde unobangela wokuzala kunye nokuvavanya amandla akho okuzala. Ugqirha wakho unokuqhuba iimvavanyo zehomoni kusuku lwesithathu lokuya esikhathini. Oku kubandakanya i-hormone ekhuthazayo, i-hormone ye-luteinizing, kunye novavanyo lwehomoni ye-anti-Mullerian. Iziphumo ziya kumisela amandla amaqanda kwii-ovari zakho. I-Ultransvaginal ultrasound ikwanokubala iifollic ezincinci kwi-ovari. Idityanisiwe, olu vavanyo lunokuxela kwangaphambili ukuba ngaba ukugcina kwakho iqanda kulungile, kufanelekile, okanye kuncitshisiwe.

Ingcali yakho inokwenza uvavanyo lwe-endocrine yesifo se-thyroid okanye ukungaqhelekanga kweprolactin. Ezi meko zinokuchaphazela umsebenzi wokuzala. Ukuvavanya iityhubhu zesibeleko kunye nesibeleko, ugqirha wakho unoku-odola uhlobo oluthile lovavanyo lwe-X-ray olubizwa ngokuba yi-hysterosalpingogram. Olu vavanyo luchaza ukuba ngaba iityhubhu zakho ze-fallopian zivulekile kwaye zisempilweni. Iya kubonisa iingxaki kwisibeleko sakho, njengee-polyps, i-fibroids, izicwili ezibomvu, okanye i-septum (udonga) enokuthi ichaphazele ukumiliselwa okanye ukukhula kombungu.

Olunye uphononongo lokuvavanya isibeleko lubandakanya i-saline-infusion sonography, i-ofisi hysteroscopy, okanye i-endometrial biopsy. Uhlalutyo lobudoda lunokwenziwa ukuqaphela ukuba ukubala, ukuhamba, kunye nokubonakala kwesidoda kuyinto eqhelekileyo. Ukuvavanywa kwangaphambili kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuvavanywe izifo ezosulelayo kunye nokungaqhelekanga kwemfuza.

5. Zeziphi izinto zokuphila ezichaphazela ukuzala kwam, kwaye ngaba ikhona into endinokuyenza ukwandisa amathuba okuba ndikhulelwe?

Izinto ezininzi zokuphila zichaphazela ukuzala. Ukuphila ngokusempilweni kunokukhulisa ukukhulelwa, ukuphucula impumelelo kunyango, kunye nokugcina ukukhulelwa. Oku kubandakanya ukutya ukutya okunesondlo kunye nokuphepha ukutya okucwangcisiweyo. Kukho idatha ebonisa ukuba ukwehla kobunzima kukhokelela kwiziphumo zonyango ezingcono zokuchuma. Kwabasetyhini abanobuntununtunu be-gluten okanye ubuntununtunu be-lactose, ukuphepha kunokuba luncedo.

Thatha iivithamini zokubeleka, unciphise icaffeine, kwaye uphephe ukutshaya, iziyobisi kunye nokuzonwabisa. Unokufumana inzuzo kwisongezelelo se-vitamin D. Kungenxa yokuba ukunqongophala kukavithamini D kunokuba neziphumo ezibi kakhulu kwi-vitro fertilization (IVF) okanye kukhokelele ekuphungeni.

Ukuzivocavoca ngokulinganayo kukwabalulekile kwimpilo ngokubanzi kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo. I-Yoga, ukucamngca kunye nengqondo, kunye nokucebisa kunye nenkxaso nako kunokuba luncedo.

6. Loluphi ukhetho lwam lonyango ukuba andikwazi ukukhulelwa?

Zininzi iindlela onokukhetha kuzo kunyango lokungachumi. Ugqirha wakho unokumisela amayeza okukhuthaza i-ovulation anje nge-clomiphene citrate kunye ne-letrozole. Olunye unyango lubandakanya ukubekwa kweliso ekukhuleni kwesikali ngomsebenzi wegazi kunye nee-ultrasound, ukukhutshwa kwe-ovulation kunye ne-hCG (chorionic gonadotropin), kunye ne-intrauterine insemination. Unyango olubandakanyekayo lubandakanya i-IVF, inaliti ye-intracytoplasmic sperm, kunye nokuvavanywa kwangaphambili kwemfuza kwimfuza.

Inketho oyikhethayo kunye nogqirha wakho ixhomekeke kubude bexesha kunye nonobangela wokungachumi kunye neenjongo zonyango. Ingcali yakho yokuzala iya kukunceda ubone ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo ekuqinisekiseni esona siphumo sihle.

7. Luphumelele kangakanani unyango lokuchuma?

Unyango lokuchuma luyaphumelela, kodwa iziphumo zixhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi. Ezona zinto zibalulekileyo zibudala bomfazi kunye nonobangela wokungachumi.

Ngokwendalo, unyango olungenelelo ngoncedo lunamazinga aphezulu empumelelo. Ukuvuselelwa kwe-Ovulation kunye ne-intrauterine insemination yonyango inokuba namazinga empumelelo e-5 ukuya kwi-10 leepesenti kumjikelo ngamnye wokungachumi okungachazwanga. Oku kunokunyuka ukuya kwiipesenti ezili-18 kubantu abaneengxaki zokuvuthwa kwe-ovulation okanye xa kusetyenziswe isidoda somnikeli kwaye akukho miba isisiseko yabasetyhini. Ngokwesiqhelo, i-IVF inokuba namazinga okuzalwa aphilayo ama-45 ukuya kuma-60 eepesenti. Oku kungonyusa ukuya kumaxabiso okuzalwa okufikelela kwiipesenti ezingama-70 ukuba iimbumba ezikumgangatho ophezulu zihanjiswa.

8. Ngaba ingcali yenzala ingandinceda ndifumane inkxaso yeemvakalelo?

Ewe, ingcali yokuchuma kunye neqela labo banokubonelela ngenkxaso yeemvakalelo. Iziko lakho lokuchuma linokuba neenkxaso kwisiza, njengeprogram yomzimba wengqondo okanye amaqela enkxaso. Banokukuthumela kubacebisi, amaqela enkxaso, impilo kunye nabaqeqeshi abanengqondo, kunye neeacupuncturists.

9. Ngaba lukhona uncedo olufumanekayo lokuxhasa ngemali unyango lokuchuma?

Unyango lokuchuma lunokubiza, kwaye ukubaxhasa ngemali kunokuba nzima kwaye kube ngumceli mngeni. Ingcali yezokuzala iya kuthi isebenze ngokusondeleyo nomququzeleli wabo wezezimali. Lo mntu unokukunceda ufunde malunga ne-inshurensi yokugubungela kunye neendleko zokuphuma epokothweni.

Unokuxoxa ngeendlela zokunyanga nogqirha wakho ezinokunciphisa iindleko. Ikhemesti yakho inokuba neenkqubo ezibonelela ngamachiza okuchuma ngamaxabiso ancitshisiweyo, kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zomntu wesithathu. Xoxa ngezi ndlela kunye nogqirha wakho ukuba iindleko zonyango yinto ekuchaphazelayo.

UGqr Alison Zimon ngumseki-mbumba kunye nomphathi wezonyango e-CCRM Boston. Uqinisekiswe yibhodi kwi-endocrinology yokuzala kunye nokungachumi, nakwii-obstetrics nakwi-gynecology. Ukongeza kwindima yakhe e-CCRM Boston, uGqirha Zimon ngumhlohli weklinikhi kwiSebe le-Obstetrics, Gynecology, kunye ne-Biology yokuzala kwiHarvard Medical School kwaye ngugqirha osebenza kwi-OB / GYN eBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center naseNewton Wellesley Hospital eMassachusetts.