Iqala nini i-Atherosclerosis?

Umxholo

• Ibangelwa yintoni?
• Ziziphi iingozi?
• Uvavanywa njani?
• Ngaba inokunyangwa?
• Loluphi utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila olunokunceda?
• Zilolonge
• Ukutya

Yintoni i-atherosclerosis?

Uninzi lwabantu alunamava okusongela ubomi bokuba ne-atherosclerosis - ukuqina kwemithambo-de bafikelele kwiminyaka yobudala. Nangona kunjalo, amanqanaba okuqala anokuqala ngexesha lobuntwana.

Esi sifo sihlala siqhubela phambili kwaye siba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ixesha elingaphezulu, ipleyiti, elenziwe ngeeseli ezinamanqatha (icholesterol), ikhalsiyam, kunye nezinye izinto ezilahliweyo, zakha umthambo omkhulu. Umthambo uya usiba mxinwa, oko kuthetha ukuba igazi alikwazi ukufikelela kwiindawo ekufuneka lifikelele kuzo.

Kukwakho nomngcipheko omkhulu wokuba xa iqokobhe legazi liphuma kwenye indawo emzimbeni, linokubambeka kumthambo omxinwa lize liphelise ukunikezelwa kwegazi ngokupheleleyo, libangele isifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha.

Ibangelwa yintoni?

I-Atherosclerosis yimeko entsonkothileyo, ngokubanzi iqala kwangoko ebomini kunye nenkqubela phambili njengoko abantu bekhula. bafumanise ukuba abantwana abaneminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-14 banokubonisa amanqanaba okuqala e-atherosclerosis.

Kwabanye abantu, esi sifo sihamba ngokukhawuleza kwi-20s kunye ne-30s, ngelixa abanye bengenayo imicimbi kude kube ngama-50 okanye ama-60.

Abaphandi abaqinisekanga ncam ukuba iqala njani okanye kutheni. Kukholelwa ukuba i-plaque iqala ukwakha kwiimithambo emva kokuba ulayini lonakaliswe. Abona bantu banegalelo kulo monakalo yi-cholesterol ephezulu, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nokutshaya icuba.

Ziziphi iingozi?

Imithambo yakho ihambisa igazi elinomoya-mpilo kumalungu abalulekileyo anjengentliziyo, ingqondo kunye nezintso. Ukuba indlela iyavaleka, la malungu omzimba wakho awakwazi ukusebenza ngendlela ekufanele ukuba asebenze ngayo. Indlela umzimba wakho ochaphazeleka ngayo kuxhomekeke ekubeni yeyiphi imithambo evaliweyo.

Ezi zizifo ezinxulumene ne-atherosclerosis:

• Isifo sentliziyo. Xa i-plaque iyakha kwimithambo yakho yegazi (iinqanawa ezinkulu ezihambisa igazi entliziyweni yakho), usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.
• Isifo semithambo yeCarotid. Xa i-plaque isakha phezulu kwiinqanawa ezinkulu ngapha nangapha kwentamo yakho (imithambo ye-carotid) ehambisa igazi kwingqondo yakho, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba ne-stroke.
• Imithambo yegazi lomda. Xa ipleyiti isanda kwimithambo enkulu ehambisa igazi kwiingalo nasemilenzeni, kunokubangela iintlungu nokuba ndindisholo kwaye kungakhokelela kusulelo olubi.
• Isifo sezintso. Xa ipleyiti isakha kwimithambo enkulu ehambisa igazi kwizintso zakho, izintso zakho azikwazi ukusebenza kakuhle. Xa zingasebenzi kakuhle, azinakho ukususa inkunkuma emzimbeni wakho, zikhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu.

Uvavanywa njani?

Ukuba uneempawu, njenge-pulse ebuthathaka kufutshane nomthambo omkhulu, uxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi kufutshane nengalo okanye umlenze, okanye imiqondiso ye-aneurysm, ugqirha wakho unokuzibona ngexesha lokuhlolwa komzimba rhoqo. Iziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi zinokuxelela ugqirha ukuba une-cholesterol ephezulu.

Olunye, iimvavanyo ezichaphazelekayo zibandakanya:

• Ukujonga iimvavanyo. I-ultrasound, ikhompyutha ye-tomography (CT), okanye i-magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) ivumela oogqirha ukuba babone ngaphakathi kwimithambo kwaye baxelele ukuba zinzima kangakanani iibhloko.
• Isalathiso se-Ankle-brachial. Uxinzelelo lwegazi emaqatheni akho luthelekiswa nengalo yakho. Ukuba kukho umahluko ongaqhelekanga, inokubonisa isifo semithambo.
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo. Oogqirha banokujonga intliziyo yakho kunye nokuphefumla kwakho ngelixa usenza umthambo, njengokukhwela ibhayisekile emileyo okanye ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwitreadmill. Kuba umthambo uyenza isebenze nzima intliziyo yakho, inokunceda oogqirha bafumane ingxaki.

Ngaba inokunyangwa?

Ukuba i-atherosclerosis iqhubekile ngaphaya kwendlela yokuphila enokunciphisa, kukho amayeza kunye nonyango olukhoyo. Ezi zinto zenzelwe ukuthintela ukuba isifo singabi mandundu kwaye sandise intuthuzelo yakho, ngakumbi ukuba unentlungu esifubeni okanye emlenzeni njengophawu.

Amachiza aquka amayeza ukunyanga uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye ne-cholesterol ephezulu. Eminye imizekelo yile:

• imigaqo
• beta-iibhlokhi
• i-angiotensin-eguqula i-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
• ii-antiplatelets
• iicalcium block blockers

Ugqirha luthathwa njengonyango olunobundlongondlongo kwaye lwenziwa ukuba ukubhloka kusongela ubomi. Ugqirha unokungena kwaye asuse i-plaque kwi-artery okanye aqondise ukuhamba kwegazi kujikeleze umthambo ovaliweyo.

Loluphi utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila olunokunceda?

Ukutshintsha ukutya ngendlela esempilweni, ukuyeka ukutshaya, kunye nokwenza imithambo kunokuba zizixhobo ezinamandla ngokuchasene noxinzelelo lwegazi kunye ne-cholesterol ephezulu, ezibini ezinegalelo kwi-atherosclerosis.

Zilolonge

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kukunceda ukuba unciphise umzimba, ugcine uxinzelelo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo, kwaye kukonyusa amanqanaba akho “e-cholesterol elungileyo” (HDL). Cwangcisa imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60 ngosuku lwe-cardio efanelekileyo.

Ukutya

• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni ngokutya ifibre ngakumbi. Ungayifeza le njongo, ngokuyinxenye, ngokutshintsha isonka esimhlophe kunye neepasta ngokutya okwenziwe ngeenkozo ezipheleleyo.
• Yitya iziqhamo nemifuno kunye namafutha asempilweni. Ioyile yomnquma, iavokhado, kunye namandongomane zonke zinamafutha angazukuphakamisa "i-cholesterol yakho embi" (LDL).
• Nciphisa ukutya kwakho i-cholesterol ngokunciphisa inani lokutya okuphezulu kwecholesterol okutyayo, njengetshizi, ubisi olupheleleyo kunye namaqanda. Kulumkele ukuhambisa amafutha kunye nokunciphisa amafutha anelisiweyo (ubukhulu becala afumaneka kukutya okusetyenzisiweyo), njengoko zombini zibangela ukuba umzimba wakho uvelise i-cholesterol engaphezulu.
• Nciphisa ukutya okune-sodium, njengoko oku kunegalelo kuxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Nciphisa eyakho utywala. Ukusela utywala rhoqo kunokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye kube negalelo ekuzuzeni ubunzima (utywala buninzi kwiikhalori).

Le mikhwa ilunge kakhulu ukuqala ebomini, kodwa iyanceda nokuba ungakanani.