I-autism emnene: iimpawu zokuqala kunye neempawu

Umxholo

• Zithini iimpawu?
• 1. Iingxaki zonxibelelwano
• 2. Ubunzima ekuhlaleni
• 3. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha
• Ngaba yiAutism?
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
• Ngaba i-autism enobulali inonyango?
• Indlela yokujongana ne-autism emnene

I-autism emnene ayisosifo esichanekileyo esisetyenzisiweyo kunyango, nangona kunjalo, yintetho ethandwayo, naphakathi kwabaqeqeshi bezempilo, ukubhekisa kumntu onotshintsho kwimbonakalo ye-autism, kodwa ngubani onokwenza phantse yonke imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla enje ngesiqhelo incoko, ukufunda, ukubhala kunye nolunye ukhathalelo olusisiseko ngokuzimeleyo, njengokutya okanye ukunxiba, umzekelo.

Kuba iimpawu zale autism subtype zithambile, zihlala zichongwa kuphela xa zineminyaka emi-2 okanye emi-3 ubudala, xa umntwana eqala ukunxibelelana nabanye abantu nokwenza imisebenzi enzima ngakumbi, enokuthi iqatshelwe lusapho, abahlobo. okanye ootitshala.

Zithini iimpawu?

Iimpawu ze-autism emnene zinokugubungela enye yezi ndawo zintathu:

1. Iingxaki zonxibelelwano

Olunye lweempawu ezinokubonisa ukuba umntwana une-autism unengxaki ekunxibelelaneni nabanye abantu, njengokungakwazi ukuthetha ngokuchanekileyo, ukusebenzisa amagama ngendlela engeyiyo okanye ukungakwazi ukuthetha ngokwabo besebenzisa amagama.

2. Ubunzima ekuhlaleni

Olunye uphawu lwe-autism luphawu lobukho bobunzima ekuhlaleni nabanye abantu, njengobunzima bokwenza abahlobo, ukuqala okanye ukugcina incoko, okanye nokujonga abanye abantu emehlweni.

3. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha

Abantwana abane-autism bahlala benokuphambuka kwindlela yokuziphatha eya kulindeleka kumntwana oqhelekileyo, njengokuphindaphinda indlela yokuhamba kunye nokulungiswa kwezinto.

Isishwankathelo, ezinye zeempawu ze-autism ezinokukunceda ekuchongeni isifo zezi:

• Ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu;
• Ukuhleka okungafanelekanga;
• Sukujonga emehlweni;
• Ukubanda ngokweemvakalelo;
• Zimbalwa iimbonakaliso zentlungu;
• Soloko wonwabele ukudlala ngento yokudlala efanayo okanye into;
• Kunzima ukugxila kumsebenzi olula kunye nokuwufeza;
• Ukukhetha ukuba wedwa kunokudlala nabanye abantwana;
• Kuyabonakala ukuba ungoyiki iimeko ezinobungozi;
• Ukuphindaphinda amagama okanye amabinzana kwiindawo ezingafanelekanga;
• Sukuphendula xa ubizwa ngegama ngokungathi usisithulu;
• Imisindo yomsindo;
• Kunzima ukubonisa iimvakalelo zakho ngentetho okanye izijekulo.

I-autists ezinesidima ngokubanzi zikrelekrele kakhulu kwaye zibuthathaka kakhulu kutshintsho olungalindelekanga. O

Ukuba uyazi ngomntwana onokuthi abe neempawu ze-autism, kuvavanywe umngcipheko:

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Ngaba yiAutism?

Qalisa uvavanyo Ngaba umntwana uyakuthanda ukudlala, ukutsiba ethangeni lakho kwaye ubonise ukuba uyakuthanda ukuba phakathi kwabantu abadala nabanye abantwana?

• Ewe
• Hayi

Ngaba umntwana ubonakala ngathi unolungiso lwenxalenye ethile yokudlala, njengevili lomqhubi nje kuphela kwaye ujonge?

• Ewe
• Hayi

Ngaba umntwana uyathanda ukudlala ukuzimela kodwa uyahleka xa edlala ekhangela omnye umntu?

• Ewe
• Hayi

Ngaba umntwana usebenzisa ukucinga xa edlala? Umzekelo: Ukuzenza ngathi upheka kwaye utya ukutya okuthelekelelwayo?

• Ewe
• Hayi

Ngaba umntwana usisa isandla somntu omdala ngqo kwinto ayifunayo endaweni yokuyithatha ngezandla zakhe?

• Ewe
• Hayi

Ngaba umntwana akabonakali edlala ngeethoyi ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ebeka nje izinto ngaphezulu, ezibeka phezu komnye, ngaba uyajija?

• Ewe
• Hayi

Ngaba umntwana uyakuthanda ukukubonisa izinto, ukuzisa kuwe?

• Ewe
• Hayi

Ngaba umntwana ukujonga emehlweni xa uthetha naye?

• Ewe
• Hayi

Ngaba umntwana uyakwazi ukubazi abantu okanye izinto? Umzekelo. Ukuba umntu ubuza ukuba uphi uMama, angambonisa?

• Ewe
• Hayi

Ngaba umntwana uyayiphinda intshukumo efanayo amatyeli amaninzi elandelelana, njengokujinga ngapha nangapha nokuwangawangisa iingalo zakhe?

• Ewe
• Hayi

Ngaba umntwana uyawuthanda umsa onokubonakaliswa ngokumanga nangokuwola?

• Ewe
• Hayi

Ngaba umntwana usilela kulungelelwaniso lweemoto, uhamba kuphela ngamanqatha, okanye kulula ukungalingani?

• Ewe
• Hayi

Ngaba umntwana uyaphazamiseka xa esiva umculo okanye ngaba ukwindawo angayiqhelanga, enje ngesidlo sangokuhlwa esigcwele ngabantu, umzekelo?

• Ewe
• Hayi

Ngaba umntwana uyathanda ukwenzakaliswa yimikrwelo okanye ukulunywa ngokwenza oku ngenjongo?

• Ewe
• Hayi

Edlulileyo Elandelayo

Olu vavanyo akufuneki ukuba lusetyenziswe njengokuchonga isifo, ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuyo nayiphi na imeko yokurhanelwa thetha nogqirha wabantwana okanye ugqirha wezamayeza, ukuze kuvavanywe ngokufanelekileyo.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Ekuphela kwendlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-autism kukubonana nodokotela wabantwana okanye ugqirha wezifo zengqondo, ukuze uvavanye indlela aziphethe ngayo umntwana, kunye neengxelo zabazali nabantu obaziyo.

Nangona kunjalo, kwaye ngenxa yokoyika ukuxilongwa okungalunganga emntwaneni, ukuxilongwa kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi kunye neminyaka ukuba iqinisekiswe emva kokuba abazali okanye abanonopheli bachonge iimpawu zokuqala. Ngesi sizathu, iingcali ezininzi zibonisa ukuba, ukuba kukho urhano, ungenelelo kufuneka luqalwe kunye nesayikholojisti ukunceda umntwana ukuba oyise iingxaki zakhe zophuhliso, nokuba akukabikho sifo.

Ngaba i-autism enobulali inonyango?

I-autism emnene ayinalo unyango, nangona kunjalo, ngokukhuthaza kunye nokunyanga unyango lokuthetha, isondlo, unyango lomsebenzi, isayikholoji kunye nemfundo eyoneleyo neyodwa, kunokwenzeka ukufezekisa ukuba umntu one-autistic ufikelela kuphuhliso kufutshane nesiqhelo. Funda ngakumbi malunga nonyango lwe-autism.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingxelo zezigulana ezifunyenwe zine-autism ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-5, ezibonakala ngathi ziye zafumana unyango ngokunyanga neqela lezemfundo, kodwa ezinye izifundo ziyafuneka ukubonisa ukuba unyango lungayinyanga njani i-autism.

Indlela yokujongana ne-autism emnene

Unyango lwe-autism enobulali lunokwenziwa ngonyango lokuthetha kunye nonyango lwengqondo, umzekelo, oluya kunceda umntwana ukuba akhule kwaye asebenzisane ngcono nabanye, enze ubomi babo bube lula.

Ukongeza, ukutya kubaluleke kakhulu kunyango lwe-autism, ke umntwana kufuneka akhatshwe sisondlo. Jonga ukuba kukuphi ukutya okunokuphucula i-autism.

Uninzi lwabantu abane-autistic badinga uncedo lokwenza imisebenzi ethile, kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, bayakwazi ukufumana inkululeko yokwenza imisebenzi emininzi yokuphila kwansuku zonke, nangona kunjalo, oku kuzimela kuya kuxhomekeka kwinqanaba labo lokuzibophelela kunye nomdla.