Yintoni i-azotemia kunye neempawu eziphambili

Umxholo

• Izizathu eziphambili
• Iimpawu zeAzotemia
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Unyango njani

I-Azotemia lutshintsho lwebhayoloji olubonakaliswa bubukho beemveliso ze-nitrogen, ezinje nge-urea, i-creatinine, i-uric acid kunye neeproteni, egazini, kwi-serum okanye kwi-plasma, ezinokuphazamisa inqanaba lokuhluza i-glomerular kwaye, ngenxa yoko, zikhokelela kwinkqubela phambili kwaye kunokwenzeka ngokusisigxina kwizintso.

Olu tshintsho lunokuba sisiphumo sayo nayiphi na imeko ephazamisa ukujikeleza kwegazi kwizintso, ezinje ngokusilela kwentliziyo, ukomisa amanzi emzimbeni, ukopha okanye amathumba kumchamo, umzekelo. Kubalulekile ukuba inqanaba lezi zinto zichongwe ngokukhawuleza ukuze ugqirha aqalise unyango olufanelekileyo lwetyala.

Izizathu eziphambili

I-Azotemia inokuhlelwa ngokwesizathu sayo:

1. I-azotemia yangaphambi kwe-renalUkuqokelelwa kwezinto ze-nitrogenous kwenzeka ngenxa yeemeko ezinciphisa umthamo wegazi, ukuphazamisa ukufika kwegazi kwizintso, ezinje ngokusilela kwentliziyo, ukomisa amanzi emzimbeni, ukopha, ukutya okuneprotein eninzi kunye nokunyusa uxinzelelo lwe-cortisol ngenxa yesifo esithile sesiseko .
2. I-azotemia yezintso: Kolu hlobo lwe-azotemia kukho ukufumba kwezinto ze-nitrogen ngenxa yokusilela kwinkqubo yokukhupha ezi zinto zizintso, kukhokelela ekwandeni koxinaniso lwe-urea kunye ne-creatinine kwi-plasma. I-renal azotemia ihlala ivela ngenxa yokusilela kwezintso, i-necrosis ye-tubular kunye ne-glomerulonephritis.
3. I-azotemia yasemva kwezintso: Olu hlobo lwe-azotemia luphawulwa ngokwanda okungafaniyo kwe-urea ngokunxulumene ne-creatinine ngenxa yotshintsho ekuhambeni komchamo okanye kuthintelo lweendlela zokuhamba, ezinokubangelwa yi-nephrolithiasis okanye ithumba kwinkqubo yokuchama, umzekelo.

Ukubakho kwe-urea kunye ne-creatinine egazini kuyinto eqhelekileyo, kodwa xa kukho naluphi na utshintsho kwizintso okanye eziphazamisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, uxinzelelo lwezi zinto lunokunyuka ukuze lube yityhefu kumzimba, onokubangela isigxina umonakalo kwizintso.

Iimpawu zeAzotemia

I-Azotemia inokubonisa iimpawu, kwaye kwezi meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-uremia. Iimpawu eziphambili zezi:

• Ukunciphisa ivolumu iyonke yomchamo;
• Ulusu oluthuthu;
• Umlomo owomileyo nowomileyo;
• Ukudinwa kakhulu;
• Ukungcangcazela;
• Ukungabikho komdla;
• Intlungu zesisu.

Ukongeza kwezi mpawu, kunokubakho ubunzima ekugxininiseni nasekuqwalaselweni, ukudideka kwengqondo kunye notshintsho kumbala womchamo. Qonda ukuba yintoni uremia.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuchongwa kwe-azotemia kwenziwa ngeemvavanyo zaselebhu, ngakumbi umlinganiso we-urea kunye ne-creatinine egazini. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukujonga amanqanaba eeproteni zizonke kunye ne-uric acid egazini, ukongeza kuvavanyo lomchamo lweeyure ezingama-24, oluvumela ukusebenza kwezintso kuvavanywe. Fumanisa ukuba lwenziwa njani uvavanyo lomchamo lweeyure ezingama-24.

Unyango njani

Unyango lwe-azotemia lujolise ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo lwee-nitrogen compounds egazini kunye nokunciphisa nayiphi na enye impawu ehambelana nayo, ukuthintela ukonakala okusisigxina kwizintso. Ke, ngokwesizathu kunye nohlobo lwe-azotemia, i-nephrologist inokubonisa olona hlobo lonyango.

Ugqirha unokucebisa ulawulo ngokuthe ngqo kumthambo wamanzi ukuze anyuse umthamo wegazi kwaye anciphise uxinzelelo lweemichiza ze-nitrogen egazini. Ukongeza, kunokucetyiswa ngugqirha, ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza e-diuretic, anciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-potassium egazini okanye kwi-antibiotics, kwimeko apho kukho usulelo olunokubangela i-azotemia.

Kubalulekile ukugcina imikhwa esempilweni, ngokuzilolonga rhoqo kunye nokutya okusempilweni, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kokutya okune-potassium kunye neeproteni, ukongeza ekwenziweni kwemifuno. Yazi ukuba ungatya ntoni ukuphucula ukusebenza kwezintso.