Izibonelelo zokuNikela ngeGazi

Umxholo

• Izibonelelo
• Ukuhlolwa kwezempilo simahla
• Ngaba ukunikela ngegazi kwehlisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo?
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokunikela ngegazi
• Ngexesha lomnikelo
• Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi ngaphambi kokuba unikele

Ushwankathelo

Azipheli izibonelelo zokunikela ngegazi kwabo balifunayo. Ngokutsho kweAmerican Red Cross, umnikelo omnye ungasindisa ubomi kangangesithathu, kwaye umntu eUnited States ufuna igazi rhoqo kwimizuzwana emibini.

Kuyavela ukuba ukunikela ngegazi akuxhamli nje kuphela abamkeli. Kukho izibonelelo zezempilo zabaxhasi, nazo, ngaphezulu kwezibonelelo ezivela ekuncedeni abanye. Funda ukuze ufunde izibonelelo zempilo zokunikela ngegazi kunye nezizathu zokwenza oko.

Izibonelelo

Ukunikela ngegazi kunezibonelelo kwimpilo yakho yeemvakalelo kunye nasemzimbeni. Ngokwengxelo ye-Mental Health Foundation, ukunceda abanye banako:

• ukunciphisa uxinzelelo
• ukuphucula impilo yakho yeemvakalelo
• yingenelo kwimpilo yakho yomzimba
• ncedisa ukulahla iimvakalelo ezimbi
• ukubonelela ngemvakalelo yokuba lilungu kunye nokunciphisa ukwahluka

Uphando lufumene obunye ubungqina ngezibonelelo zempilo ezivela ngokuthe ngqo ngokunikela ngegazi.

Ukuhlolwa kwezempilo simahla

Ukuze unike igazi, kufuneka ukuba uhlolwe impilo. Umsebenzi oqeqeshiweyo wenza oku kuhlolwa. Baza kujonga eyakho:

• ukubetha
• ifuthe legazi
• ubushushu bomzimba
• amanqanaba ehemoglobin

Le mini-yomzimba yasimahla inokunika ukuqonda okugqwesileyo kwimpilo yakho. Iyakwazi ukubona ngokufanelekileyo iingxaki ezinokuthi zibonise imeko yezonyango okanye imeko yomngcipheko wezifo ezithile.

Igazi lakho nalo livavanyelwa izifo ezininzi. Oku kubandakanya:

• hepatitis B
• hepatitis C
• Intsholongwane kaGawulayo
• Intsholongwane yeNayile
• igcushuwa
• I-Trypanosoma cruzi

Ngaba ukunikela ngegazi kwehlisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo?

Uphando luxutywe nokuba umnikelo wegazi uyawuthoba umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kunye nokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.

icebisa ukuba ukunikelwa kwegazi rhoqo kunxulunyaniswa nokwanda komngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kunokwenzeka ngenxa yamanqanaba e-cholesterol engathandekiyo

Nangona kunjalo, ukunikela ngegazi rhoqo kunokunciphisa iivenkile zentsimbi, ngokuka-. Oku kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Iindawo zokugcina iintsimbi eziphezulu kukholelwa ukuba zonyusa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.

Umrhumo wegazi oqhelekileyo wawukhona, kodwa ucebisa ukuba oku kuqatshelweyo kuyakhohlisa kwaye ayisiyonyani yokwenene komzimba

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokunikela ngegazi

Umnikelo wegazi ukhuselekile kubantu abadala abasempilweni. Akukho bungozi bokusuleleka sisifo. Isixhobo esitsha, esinyumba sisetyenziselwa umnikeli ngamnye.

Abanye abantu banokuziva benesicaphucaphu, benentloko elula, okanye abanesiyezi emva kokunikela ngegazi. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kuya kuhlala kuphela imizuzu embalwa. Ungalala phantsi iinyawo zakho phezulu de uzive ungcono.

Unokufumana ukopha kwindawo yenaliti. Ukufaka uxinzelelo nokuphakamisa ingalo yakho okwemizuzu embalwa kuhlala kuyimisa loo nto. Unokuphuhlisa ukutyumka kule ndawo.

Tsalela umnxeba kwiziko lokunikela ngegazi ukuba:

• Uziva unentloko elula, unesiyezi, okanye unesihlungu emva kokusela, ukutya kunye nokuphumla.
• Uphuhlisa iqhuma okanye uqhubeke nokopha kwindawo yenaliti.
• Unentlungu kwingalo, ukuba ndindisholo, okanye ukurhawuzelela.

Ngexesha lomnikelo

Kufuneka ubhalise ukuze unikezele ngegazi. Oku kubandakanya ukubonelela ngokuchonga, imbali yakho yezonyango, kunye nokwenza uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo lomzimba. Uya kunikwa ulwazi malunga nomnikelo wegazi ukuze ufunde.

Nje ukuba ulungele, inkqubo yakho yokunikela ngegazi iya kuqala. Umnikelo opheleleyo wegazi lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomnikelo. Kungenxa yokuba inika olona tshintsho. Inokutofelwa njengegazi elipheleleyo okanye yahlulwe yaziiseli ezibomvu, iiplatelets kunye neplasma yabamkeli abohlukeneyo.

Kwinkqubo yonke yokunikela ngegazi:

1. Uya kuhlala kwisitulo esihleli phantsi. Unokunikela ngegazi nokuba uhleli okanye ulele phantsi.
2. Indawo encinci yengalo yakho iya kucocwa. Kuza kufakwa inaliti engenazintsholongwane.
3. Uyakuhlala uhleli phantsi okanye ulele phantsi ngelixa ityhubhu yegazi lakho itsalwa. Oku kuthatha imizuzu esi-8 ukuya kweli-10.
4. Xa kuqokelelwe ithinti yegazi, umsebenzi uza kuyisusa inaliti kwaye abophe ingalo yakho.

Ezinye iintlobo zeminikelo zibandakanya:

• Umnikelo weplatelet (iplateletpheresis)
• Umnikelo weplasma (plasmapheresis)
• umnikelo weseli ebomvu kabini

Ezi ntlobo zeminikelo zenziwa kusetyenziswa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yiapheresis. Umatshini we-apheresis uqhagamshelwe ezingalweni zakho zombini. Iqokelela inani elincinci legazi ize yahlule izinto ngaphambi kokubuyisela kuwe izinto ezingasetyenziswanga. Lo mjikelo uphindwa amatyeli aliqela ngaphezulu kweeyure ezimbini.

Nje ukuba umnikelo wakho ugqityiwe, uya kunikwa isidlo kunye nesiselo kwaye ukwazi ukuhlala uphumle imizuzu eli-10 okanye eli-15 phambi kokuba uhambe. Ukuba uziva utyhafile okanye unesicaphucaphu, uya kuba nakho ukulala phantsi de uzive ungcono.

Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi ngaphambi kokuba unikele

Nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzazile ngaphambi kokuba unikele:

• Kufuneka ube neminyaka eli-17 nangaphezulu ukuze unikele ngegazi elipheleleyo. Amanye amazwe akuvumela ukuba unikele nge-16 ngemvume yabazali.
• Kuya kufuneka ubenobunzima ubuncinci beepawundi ezili-110 kwaye ube sempilweni entle ukuba unikele.
• Kufuneka unikezele ngolwazi malunga neemeko zonyango kunye nawaphi na amayeza owathathayo. Oku kunokuchaphazela ukufaneleka kwakho ukunikela ngegazi.
• Kuya kufuneka ulinde ubuncinci iiveki ezisi-8 phakathi kwegazi elipheleleyo kunye neeveki ezili-16 phakathi kweminikelo ephindwe kabini yeseli ebomvu.
• Iminikelo yePlatelet inokwenziwa rhoqo ngeentsuku ezisixhenxe, ukuya kuthi ga kumaxesha angama-24 ngonyaka.

Oku kulandelayo zezinye zeengcebiso zokukunceda ulungiselele ukunikela ngegazi:

• Sela ii-ounces ezongezelelekileyo ezili-16 zamanzi ngaphambi kwedinga lakho.
• Yitya isidlo esisempilweni esinamafutha amaninzi.
• Nxiba ihempe enemikhono emifutshane okanye ihempe enemikhono ekulula ukuyisonga.

Yazisa abasebenzi ukuba unengalo okanye umthambo owuthandayo kwaye ukuba ukhetha ukuhlala okanye ukulala phantsi. Ukumamela umculo, ukufunda, okanye ukuthetha nomnye umntu kunokukunceda uphumle ngexesha lenkxaso.