Ukopha ii-Varices ze-Esophageal Varices

Umxholo

• Zithini iimpawu zokopha kwe-varices esophageal varices?
• Yintoni ebangela ukopha kwe-varices esophageal varices?
• Yeyiphi imingcipheko yokuphaphaza ii-varices esophageal varices?
• Ukuchonga i-varices esophageal varices
• Ukunyanga i-varices esophageal varices
• Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kwi-portal
• Emva kokopha sele kuqalile
• Umbono wexesha elide kubantu abane-varices esophageal varices
• Unokuthintela njani ii-varices esophageal varices?

Zithini ii-varices esophageal varices?

Ukopha kwe-varices esophageal varices kwenzeka xa iimithambo zidumbile (ii-varices) kwindawo yakho esezantsi yokuqhekeka kwaye wopha.

I-esophagus yityhubhu yemisipha edibanisa umlomo wakho nesisu sakho. Imithambo kwindawo yakho esezantsi kufutshane nesisu inokuba nokudumba xa igazi liye kwisibindi lincitshisiwe. Oku kunokuba ngenxa yeethishu ezibomvu okanye i-clot yegazi ngaphakathi kwesibindi.

Xa ukuhamba kwegazi kwesibindi kuthintelwa, igazi liyakheka kweminye imithambo yegazi ekufuphi, kubandakanya nezo zikumngxunya wakho osezantsi. Nangona kunjalo, le mithambo incinci kakhulu, kwaye ayinakho ukuthwala isixa esikhulu segazi. Bayanyibilika kwaye badumbe ngenxa yokonyuka kokuhamba kwegazi.

Imithambo edumbileyo yaziwa ngokuba yi-esophageal varices.

Ii-varopha ze-Esophageal zingavuza igazi kwaye ekugqibeleni ziphume. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuphumeni kwegazi elinzima kunye neengxaki ezisongela ubomi, kubandakanya ukufa. Xa oku kusenzeka, yinto engxamisekileyo yezonyango. Tsalela umnxeba kwi-911 okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane ngoko nangoko ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu zokopha kwe-esophageal varices.

Zithini iimpawu zokopha kwe-varices esophageal varices?

Ii-varices ze-Esophageal akunakwenzeka ukuba zibangele iimpawu ngaphandle kokuba ziye zaphuka. Xa oku kusenzeka, unokufumana:

• ihemmatemesis (igazi emhlanzweni wakho)
• isisu esibuhlungu
• ukukhanya okanye ukulahleka kwengqondo
• melena (izitulo ezimnyama)
• Izitulo ezinegazi (kwiimeko ezinzima)
• ukothuka (uxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi kakhulu ngenxa yokulahleka kwegazi okungakhokelela kumonakalo kumalungu amaninzi)

Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zingasentla.

Yintoni ebangela ukopha kwe-varices esophageal varices?

I-portal vein ihambisa igazi lisuka kumalungu aliqela kwithumbu lesisu liye esibindini. Ii-varices ze-Esophageal ziziphumo ezithe ngqo zoxinzelelo lwegazi kwi-portal vein. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-portal hypertension. Yenza ukuba igazi lakheke kwimithambo yegazi ekufutshane, kubandakanya nezo zikumqala wakho. Imithambo iqala ukwanda kwaye idumbe ngenxa yokonyuka kokuhamba kwegazi.

I-Cirrhosis sesona sizathu siqhelekileyo soxinzelelo lwegazi kwi-portal. I-Cirrhosis sisibetho esiqatha sesibindi esihlala sikhula ngenxa yokusela kakhulu okanye ukusuleleka kakhulu, njenge-hepatitis. Esinye isizathu esinokubangela uxinzelelo lwexinzelelo lwe-portal yi-portal vein thrombosis, imeko eyenzekayo xa igazi ligungqa ngaphakathi kwe-portal vein.

Ngamanye amaxesha, unobangela wexinzelelo lwe-portal uxinzelelo alwaziwa. Oku kubhekiswa kuko njenge-hypopension ye-portal idiopathic.

Yeyiphi imingcipheko yokuphaphaza ii-varices esophageal varices?

I-varopha esophageal varices kunokwenzeka ukuba yophe xa une:

• ii-varices ezinkulu zokuqunjelwa
• amanqaku abomvu kwii-varices esophageal varices njengoko zibonwe kwisibane esikhanyayo sesisu (endoscopy)
• Uxinzelelo lwe-portal
• ukuqina kwesibindi
• usulelo lwebhaktiriya
• ukusebenzisa kakhulu utywala
• ukugabha kakhulu
• ukuqhina
• ukuqina okukhohlisayo

Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nomngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-esophageal varices, ngakumbi ukuba unembali yosapho yesifo sesibindi.

Ukuchonga i-varices esophageal varices

Ukufumanisa i-varices esophageal varices, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye akubuze malunga neempawu zakho. Banokusebenzisa enye okanye nangaphezulu kwezi mvavanyo zilandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukubalwa kweeseli zegazi kunye nokusebenza kwesibindi kunye nezintso.
• I-Endoscopy: Ngexesha lale nkqubo, kufakwa umda omncinci wekhamera emlonyeni kwaye usetyenziselwa ukujonga umqala, isisu, kunye nokuqala kwamathumbu amancinci. Isetyenziselwa ukujonga ngakumbi kwimithambo kunye namalungu. Ingasetyenziselwa ukuthatha iisampulu zethishu kunye nokunyanga ukopha.
• Ukujonga iimvavanyo, ezinje nge-CT kunye neMRI scans: Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya isibindi kunye namalungu esisu kunye nokuvavanya ukuhamba kwegazi ngaphakathi nangapha kwala malungu.

Ukunyanga i-varices esophageal varices

Eyona njongo iphambili yonyango kukuthintela ii-esophageal varices zokuphuma kunye nokopha.

Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kwi-portal

Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kwi-portal ihlala inyathelo lokuqala lokunciphisa umngcipheko wokopha. Oku kunokufezekiswa ngokusetyenziswa konyango olulandelayo kunye namayeza:

• I-Beta-blockers: Ugqirha wakho unokumisela amayeza e-beta-blocker, njengepropranolol, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi.
• I-Endoscopic sclerotherapy: Usebenzisa i-endoscope, ugqirha wakho uya kutofa iyeza kwimithambo yakho edumbayo eya kubanciphisa.
• I-endoscopic variceal ligation (ibhendi): Ugqirha wakho uya kusebenzisa i-endoscope ukubopha imithambo edumbileyo kwindawo yakho yomqala ngebhanti e-elastic ukuze bangophisi. Baza kususa iibhanti emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa.

Unokufuna unyango olongezelelekileyo ukuba ngaba ii-varic esophageal varices zakho sele ziphukile.

Emva kokopha sele kuqalile

I-endoscopic variceal ligation kunye ne-endoscopic sclerotherapy ngokubanzi zonyango lothintelo. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho unokuzisebenzisa ukuba i-varopha esophageal varices yakho sele iqalile ukopha. Iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-octreotide linokusetyenziswa ngokunjalo. Eli yeza liza kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwimithambo edumbileyo ngokuqinisa imithambo yegazi kunye nokunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi.

Inkqubo yeTransjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) yenye yeendlela zonyango ezinokubakho xa kuphuma igazi elophageal varices. Le yinkqubo esebenzisa iX-reyi ukukhokela ukubekwa kwesixhobo esidala unxibelelwano olutsha phakathi kwemithambo yegazi emibini kwisibindi sakho.

Umbhobho omncinci usetyenziselwa ukudibanisa i-portal vein kunye ne-hepatic vein. Umthambo we-hepatic uhambisa igazi ukusuka kwisibindi usise entliziyweni. Olu nxibelelwano ludala ukuphambuka kokuhamba kwegazi.

Inkqubo ye-splenorenal shunt (DSRS) yenye indlela yokonyango kodwa iyangena. Le yinkqubo yotyando edibanisa umthambo ophambili ukusuka kudaka ukuya kumthambo wezintso zasekhohlo. Oku kulawula ukopha kwii-varices esophageal varices kwiipesenti ezingama-90 zabantu.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ukufakelwa kwesibindi kunokuba yimfuneko.

Umbono wexesha elide kubantu abane-varices esophageal varices

Ukopha kuya kuqhubeka ukwenzeka ukuba imeko ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza. Ngaphandle konyango, ii-varices esophageal varices zinokubulala.

Emva kokuba ufumene unyango lokopha okungafunekiyo, kufuneka uye kwizifundo zokulandela rhoqo nogqirha wakho ukuze uqiniseke ukuba unyango luphumelele.

Unokuthintela njani ii-varices esophageal varices?

Eyona ndlela yokuthintela ii-varices esophageal varices kukulungisa oyena nobangela. Ukuba unesifo sesibindi, qaphela la manyathelo alandelayo okuthintela ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-esophageal varices:

• Yitya ukutya okusempilweni okuqulathe ityuwa encinci, iprotein engacacanga, ukutya okuziinkozo, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno.
• Yeka ukusela utywala.
• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni.
• Nciphisa umngcipheko we-hepatitis ngokwenza isondo ngokukhuselekileyo. Ungabelani ngeenaliti okanye iireyitha, kwaye uphephe ukudibana negazi kunye nolunye ulwelo lomzimba lomntu osulelekileyo.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunamathela kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango kwaye uye kwiindawo zokuqeshwa rhoqo nogqirha wakho ukuba une-varices esophageal varices. Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye uye esibhedlele kwangoko ukuba uyakholelwa ukuba ii-varices esophageal varices zakho zigqabhukile. Ukopha kwe-varices esophageal varices kusongela ubomi kwaye kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu.