Uvavanyo lokwahluka kwegazi

Umxholo

• Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lokwahluka kwegazi?
• Uvavanyo lokwahluka kwegazi lwenziwa njani?
• Zeziphi iingxaki ezinxulunyaniswa novavanyo lokwahluka kwegazi?
• Zithetha ntoni iziphumo zovavanyo?
• Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo lokwahluka kwegazi?

Yintoni uvavanyo lokwahluka kwegazi?

Uvavanyo lokwahluka kwegazi lunokufumanisa iiseli ezingaqhelekanga okanye ezingakhuli. Inokuchonga nosulelo, ukudumba, i-leukemia, okanye ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.

Uvavanyo lokwahluka kwegazi lunokufumanisa iiseli ezingaqhelekanga okanye ezingakhuli. Inokuchonga nosulelo, ukudumba, i-leukemia, okanye ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.

Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lokwahluka kwegazi?

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo lokwahluka kwegazi njengenxalenye yovavanyo lwempilo oluqhelekileyo.

Uvavanyo lokwahluka kwegazi luhlala luyinxalenye yokubala okupheleleyo kwegazi (CBC). I-CBC isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ezi zinto zilandelayo zegazi lakho:

• iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, ezinceda ukuyeka usulelo
• iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, ezithwala ioksijini
• iiplatelets, ezinceda ekugubungeleni igazi
• ihemoglobin, iproteni kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi eziqukethe ioksijini
• hematocrit, umlinganiselo weeseli ezibomvu zegazi ukuya kwiplasma egazini lakho

Uvavanyo lokwahluka kwegazi luyimfuneko ukuba iziphumo zakho ze-CBC azikho kuluhlu oluqhelekileyo.

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo lokwahluka kwegazi ukuba bayakrokrela ukuba unosulelo, ukudumba, ukuphazamiseka komongo wethambo, okanye isifo se-autoimmune.

Uvavanyo lokwahluka kwegazi lwenziwa njani?

Ugqirha wakho ujonga iiseli zakho ezimhlophe ngokuvavanya isampulu yegazi lakho. Olu vavanyo luhlala luqhutywa kwilabhoratri yonyango.

Umboneleli wezempilo kwilebhu usebenzisa inaliti encinci ukutsala igazi engalweni okanye esandleni sakho. Akukho lungiselelo lukhethekileyo ngaphambi kovavanyo oluyimfuneko.

Ingcali yaselebhu ibeka ithontsi legazi kwisampulu yakho kwisilayidi seglasi esicocekileyo kwaye ilithambise ukuze lisasaze igazi ngeenxa zonke. Emva koko, badyobha i-smear yegazi nedayi enceda ukwahlula iintlobo zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kwisampulu.

Ingcali yeelebhu ke ibala inani lohlobo ngalunye lweseli emhlophe yegazi.

Ingcali inokwenza ukubalwa kwegazi ngesandla, ngokubonakalayo ichonga inani kunye nobungakanani beeseli kwisilayidi. Ingcali yakho inokusebenzisa ubalo lwegazi oluzenzekelayo. Kule meko, umatshini uhlalutya iiseli zakho zegazi ngokusekwe kubuchule bokulinganisa ngokuzenzekelayo.

Itekhnoloji yokubala ezenzekelayo isebenzisa umbane, ilaser, okanye iindlela zokufota ukubonelela ngokuchanekileyo ngokuchanekileyo kubungakanani, imilo, kunye nenani leeseli zegazi kwisampulu.

Uphononongo olwenziwe ngo-2013 lwabonisa ukuba ezi ndlela zichanekile, nkqu nakwiindidi zoomatshini ezahlukeneyo ezenza ukubalwa kwegazi okuzenzekelayo.

Amanqanaba e-Eosinophil, basophil, kunye ne-lymphocyte maningahle ukuba angachaneki ukuba uthatha amayeza e-corticosteroid, anje nge-prednisone, cortisone, kunye ne-hydrocortisone, ngexesha lovavanyo.Yazisa ugqirha wakho ukuba uthatha na la mayeza ngaphambi kokuba uthathe uvavanyo.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinxulunyaniswa novavanyo lokwahluka kwegazi?

Umngcipheko weengxaki zokutsalwa kwegazi mncinci kakhulu. Abanye abantu bafumana iintlungu ezincinci okanye isiyezi.

Emva kovavanyo, ukugruzuka, ukopha kancinci, usulelo, okanye ihematoma (ibhampa eligcwaliswe ligazi phantsi kolusu lwakho) linokuphuhla kwindawo yokubamba.

Zithetha ntoni iziphumo zovavanyo?

Ukuzivocavoca ngamandla kunye namanqanaba aphezulu oxinzelelo anokuchaphazela ukubalwa kweeseli ezimhlophe, ngakumbi amanqanaba akho e-neutrophil.

Olunye uphononongo lubonisa ukuba ukutya kwe-vegan kunokubangela ukuba inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi libe sezantsi kunesiqhelo. Nangona kunjalo, isizathu soku asivunyelwanga ngoososayensi.

Ukwanda okungaqhelekanga kolunye uhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunokubangela ukwehla kolunye uhlobo. Zombini iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga zinokubangelwa yimeko efanayo.

Amaxabiso eLab angahluka. Ngokwe-American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, iipesenti zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kubantu abasempilweni zezi zilandelayo:

• Ama-54 ukuya kuma-62 ekhulwini kwi-neutrophils
• Ii-lymphocyte ezingama-25 ukuya kuma-30
• Iipesenti ezi-0 ukuya kwezi-9 zeemonocyte
• Iipesenti ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 ze-eosinophil
• Iipesenti ezi-1 ze-basophil

An ukwanda kwepesenti yee-neutrophils egazini lakho kunokuthetha ukuba une:

• i-neutrophilia, isifo esimhlophe segazi esimhlophe esinokubangelwa sisifo, i-steroids, ukutshaya, okanye ukuzilolonga ngokungqongqo
• usulelo olubi, ngakumbi intsholongwane
• uxinzelelo olukhulu
• ukukhulelwa
• ukudumba, njengesifo sokukrala kwamathumbu okanye isifo samathambo
• ukwenzakala kwithishu ngenxa yokwenzakala
• isifo segazi esingapheliyo

A yehlile ipesenti yee-neutrophils egazini lakho ungabonisa:

• i-neutropenia, isifo esimhlophe segazi esinokubangelwa kukusilela kwemveliso ye-neutrophil kumongo wethambo
• i-aplastic anemia, ukwehla kwenani leeseli zegazi eziveliswa ngumongo wethambo lakho
• usuleleko olomeleleyo okanye olubanzi lwebhaktiriya okanye losuleleko lwentsholongwane
• i-chemotherapy yamva nje okanye unyango lwe-radiation

An ukwanda kwepesenti yee-lymphocyte egazini lakho kunokuba ngenxa:

• I-lymphoma, umhlaza omhlophe weseli yomhlaza oqala kwii-lymph node zakho
• usulelo olungapheliyo lwebhaktiriya
• hepatitis
• I-myeloma emininzi, umhlaza weeseli kumongo wethambo lakho
• usulelo lwentsholongwane, njenge-mononucleosis, uqwilikana, okanye imasisi
• wegazi lymphocytic

A yehla ipesenti yee-lymphocyte egazini lakho kunokuba sisiphumo soku:

• umonakalo womongo ngenxa yonyango lwe-chemotherapy okanye unyango lwe-radiation
• Intsholongwane kaGawulayo, isifo sephepha, okanye usulelo lwe-hepatitis
• Ileukemia
• usulelo olubi, njenge-sepsis
• ukuphazamiseka komzimba, njenge-lupus okanye i-rheumatoid arthritis

A ipesenti ephezulu yeemonocyte egazini lakho kunokubangelwa:

• isifo esinganyangekiyo esidumbisayo, esifana nesifo sokudumba
• usulelo lwe-parasitic okanye lwe-virus
• usulelo lwebacteria entliziyweni yakho
• isifo se-collagen vascular, esifana ne-lupus, vasculitis, okanye i-rheumatoid arthritis
• iintlobo ezithile zegazi

An ukwanda kwepesenti yeeososophil egazini lakho ungabonisa:

• i-eosinophilia, enokubangelwa kukuphazamiseka komzimba, iiparasites, tumors, okanye ukuphazamiseka zesisu (GI)
• impendulo engavumiyo
• ukudumba kolusu, njenge-eczema okanye i-dermatitis
• usulelo lwesifunxi-gazi
• isifo sokudumba, esifana nesifo sokudumba okanye isifo se-celiac
• imihlaza ethile

An ukwanda kwepesenti yeesophils egazini lakho kunokubangelwa:

• ukutya okunesondlo
• ukudumba
• Ileukemia

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo lokwahluka kwegazi?

Ugqirha wakho uya kuthi aodole iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu ukuba unokonyuka okuqhubekayo okanye ukwehla kwamanqanaba alo naluphi na udidi lweedilesi ezimhlophe zegazi.

Ezi mvavanyo zinokubandakanya i-bone marrow biopsy ukumisela unobangela.

Ugqirha wakho uza kuxoxa nawe ngolawulo emva kokuchonga unobangela weziphumo zakho ezingaqhelekanga.

Banokuyalela olunye okanye nangaphezulu kwezi mvavanyo zilandelayo ukumisela ukhetho olufanelekileyo kunyango lwakho kunye nokulandela:

• Uvavanyo lobalo lwe-eosinophil
• flow cytometry, enokuxela ukuba ubalo oluphezulu lweeseli ezimhlophe lubangelwa ngumhlaza wegazi
• i-immunophenotyping, enokukunceda ufumane olona nyango lubalaseleyo kwimeko ebangelwe kukungalingani kweseli yegazi
• Uvavanyo lwe-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), olinganisa i-biomarkers kumongo wethambo okanye iiseli zegazi, ngakumbi iiseli zomhlaza wegazi

Olunye uvavanyo lunokuba yimfuneko ngokusekwe kwiziphumo zovavanyo lokwahluka kunye novavanyo lokulandela.

Ugqirha wakho uneendlela ezininzi zokumisela nokunyanga oonobangela beeseli zegazi ezingaqhelekanga, kwaye umgangatho wakho wobomi uya kuhlala uhleli, ukuba awuphucuki, wakube ufumene unobangela.