Yintoni isiqaqa, oyena nobangela uphambili kunye nokuba wenziwa njani unyango

Umxholo

• Izizathu ezinokubangela
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Iindidi eziphambili

I-Coma yimeko ebonakaliswa kukuncipha kwinqanaba lokuqonda apho umntu abonakala elele khona, engaphenduli kwisikhuthazo kwindalo esingqongileyo kwaye engabonisi ulwazi ngaye. Kule meko, ingqondo iyaqhubeka nokuvelisa imiqondiso yombane ekwaziyo ukugcina imisebenzi ebalulekileyo, enjengokubetha kwentliziyo, umzekelo.

Le meko inokwenzeka ngenxa yeemeko ezininzi ezinjengokwenzakala kwengqondo ebuhlungu, okubangelwe kukubethwa ngamandla entloko, usulelo kunye nokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi notywala, kule meko, ibizwa ngokuba yi-coma yotywala.

I-coma inokuhlelwa kusetyenziswa isikali seGlasgow, apho ugqirha oqeqeshiweyo okanye umongikazi avavanya amandla emoto, amazwi kunye namandla e-ocular ngalo mzuzu, akwazi ukubonisa amanqanaba omntu wokuqonda, kwaye ke, ukuthintela i-sequelae enokwenzeka kunye nokuseka eyona ilungileyo unyango. Bona ngakumbi ukuba isikali seGlasgow sisetyenziswa njani.

Izizathu ezinokubangela

Izizathu zekhoma aziqondwa ngokupheleleyo, nangona kunjalo, ezinye iimeko zinokubangela ukuba umntu awele isiqaqa, ezinokuthi:

• Impembelelo enetyhefu yalo naliphi na iyeza okanye into, ngokusebenzisa iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni okanye utywala;
• Usulelo, ezinje nge-meningitis okanye i-sepsis, umzekelo, ezinokunciphisa amanqanaba omntu wokuqonda ngenxa yokubandakanyeka kumalungu ahlukeneyo;
• Ukopha ebuchotsheni, ebonakala ngokuphuma kwengqondo kwingqondo ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwesitya segazi;
• Ukubetha, Ehambelana nokuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwingingqi ethile yengqondo;
• Ukubandezeleka kwentloko, ukwenzakala kokakayi okubangelwe kukuxhuzula, ukusika okanye ukugruzuka kwaye xa kukho ukuphazamiseka engqondweni, kubizwa ngokuba kukwenzakala kwengqondo ebuhlungu;
• Ukusilela kweoksijini kwingqondo, ngenxa yesifo esibuhlungu semiphunga okanye i-carbon monoxide inhalation egqithisileyo, enje ngomsi we-injini yemoto okanye ukufudumeza ikhaya, umzekelo.

Ukongeza, ikhoma inokuba sisiphumo se-hyperglycemia okanye i-hypoglycemia, oko kukuthi, ngenxa yeengxaki zempilo ezibangela ukuba amanqanaba eswekile anyuke okanye awe kakhulu, kunye ne-hyperthermia, kulapho ubushushu bomzimba bungaphezulu kwe-39 ℃, okanye i-hypothermia, ethi kwenzeka kwiimeko apho iqondo lobushushu lehla libe ngaphantsi kwe 35 ℃.

Kwaye ngoku, kuxhomekeke kwisizathu se-coma, umntu unokufikelela ekufeni kwengqondo, apho ingqondo ingasasebenziyo ukukhupha umbane emzimbeni. Wazi umahluko phakathi kokufa kwengqondo kunye ne-coma.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-coma luxhomekeke koonobangela beli meko, kwaye ukubuyela ezingqondweni yinkqubo eyenzeka ngokuthe ngcembe, kwezinye iimeko ziphucuka ngokukhawuleza, kodwa kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, umntu unokuhlala ekwimeko yokutya, apho Umntu uyakwazi nokuvuka, kodwa uhlala engazi nto kwaye engazi ngexesha, yena neziganeko. Funda ngakumbi malunga nemeko yesityalo.

Kwiimeko apho umntu engasekho semngciphekweni wokufa kwaye izizathu zekhoma sele zilawulwa, iqela le-ICU loogqirha kunye nabongikazi lijolise ekunikezeleni ngononophelo olunceda ukukhusela izilonda ebhedini, usulelo esibhedlele, njenge-pneumonia kwimeko yokuphefumla izixhobo, kunye nokuqinisekisa inkqubela phambili yayo yonke imisebenzi yomzimba.

Uninzi lwexesha, umntu kufuneka asebenzise ityhubhu yokondla kunye nokuphelisa umchamo, ukongeza kunyango lomzimba, ukugcina izihlunu kunye nokuphefumla kwimeko elungileyo.

Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ube nenkxaso kunye nobukho bosapho, njengoko uphononongo lubonisa ukuba ukuva sisiphelo sokugqibela esilahlekileyo, ke nokuba umntu akaphenduli kwaye akaqondi kakuhle ukuba lithini na ilungu losapho, Ingqondo iyakwazi ukubona ilizwi kunye namagama othando kwaye isabele ngendlela elungileyo.

Iindidi eziphambili

Ikhoma lungohlulwa lube zintathu, kuxhomekeka kwisizathu esikhokelele ekuqalekeni kwale meko, njenge:

• Ikhoma: ikwabizwa ngokuba kukudakumba, luhlobo lokoma olwenzeka ngokuhambisa amayeza emthanjeni anciphisa ukusebenza kwengqondo, kuboniswa ngoogqirha ukukhusela ingqondo yomntu owenzakeleyo ebuchotsheni, ukunciphisa ukudumba nokuthintela ukwanda koxinzelelo ngaphakathi, okanye ukugcina umntu ephefumla ngezixhobo;
• Ulwakhiwo lweComa: Inoluhlobo lwe-coma oluvela ekwenzakaleni kolunye uhlobo lobuchopho okanye inkqubo yeemvakalelo, ngenxa yokwenzakala kwengqondo ebuhlungu, ngenxa yemoto okanye ingozi yesithuthuthu, okanye ngenxa yokwenzakala kwengqondo okubangelwe kukubetha;
• Ukutya okungahambelani nolwakhiwo: yenzeka xa umntu ekwikhoma ngenxa yeemeko zokunxila ngenxa yokusebenzisa amayeza, iziyobisi okanye utywala ngokugqithileyo, kodwa inokubonakala nakubantu abanesifo seswekile, nto leyo ekhokelela ekusebenzeni kwengqondo ngokungalunganga kwaye ngenxa yoko isiqaqa .

Kukwakho nesifo esitshixiweyo, nesibizwa ngokuba sisifo sokuvalelwa, esinokukhokelela kwi-coma, nangona kunjalo, kule meko, ngaphandle kokukhubazeka kwezihlunu zomzimba kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba uthethe, umntu uhlala eyazi yonke into eyenzekayo macala onke. wena. Bona ngakumbi ukuba yintoni isifo sokuvalelwa kunye nokuba lwenziwa njani unyango.