Kuthetha ukuthini ubunzima bokuzalwa okuphantsi, oonobangela kunye nokwenza

Umxholo

• Izizathu eziphambili
• Kwenziwe ntoni
• Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka

Ubunzima bokuzalwa okuphantsi, okanye "usana oluncinci ngeminyaka yokukhulelwa", ligama elisetyenziselwa iintsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa ezinobunzima obungaphantsi kwe-2,500g, enokuthi ibe ngaphambi kwexesha okanye hayi

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ubunzima obuphantsi buxhaphake kakhulu kwiintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha, kodwa zinokwenzeka kwiintsana zeminyaka eyahlukeneyo yokukhulelwa, ezinxulumene nobukho beengxaki zempilo kunina okanye ziimeko ezinokuthi zichaphazele ukukhula kokukhulelwa ezinje ngezifo zomchamo ezinzima i-anemia okanye i-thrombophilia.

Emva kokuzalwa, umntwana onobunzima obuphantsi unokufuna ukuba angeniswe kwigumbi lokunyamekela, ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakhe yempilo, nangona kunjalo, kwimeko apho umntwana engenangxaki kwaye engaphezulu kwama-2000g, angaya ekhaya logama nje abazali belandela iingcebiso kugqirha wabantwana.

Izizathu eziphambili

Oonobangela bokuzalwa kwesisindo sokuzalwa esisezantsi banokuhambelana neemeko zempilo kamama, iingxaki ngokukhula komntwana ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ukunciphisa inani lezondlo ezinikwa umntwana ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Izinto eziphambili ezibangela ubunzima bokuzalwa obuphantsi zezi:

• Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba;
• Ukusetyenziswa kotywala;
• Ukungondleki kukamama;
• Ukuphindaphinda komchamo usulelo;
• Eclampsia;
• Iingxaki kwi-placenta;
• Anemia kakhulu;
• Iziphene esibelekweni;
• Thrombophilia;
• Ubungqambi.

Ukongeza, abasetyhini abakhulelweyo abane-placental detachment okanye abasetyhini abakhulelweyo abanamawele banokuba nokuzalwa okuncinci. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba ulandele ugqirha wokubelekisa ngalo lonke ixesha lokukhulelwa, kuba ngokusebenzisa i-ultrasound, ugqirha unokurhanela ukuba umntwana akakhuli ngokwaneleyo kwaye, kungekudala emva koko, enze izindululo kukhathalelo oluthile kunye nonyango.

Kwenziwe ntoni

Xa ugqirha efumanisa usana olunobunzima obuphantsi ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kuyacetyiswa ukuba umama aphumle, agcine ukutya okunempilo, asele umyinge weelitha ezi-2 zamanzi ngosuku kwaye angatshayi okanye asele iziselo ezinxilisayo.

Ukongeza, ezinye iintsana ezizalwe zinobunzima obuphantsi zifuna ukhathalelo olukhethekileyo kwigumbi lokunyamekela abagulayo kwizibhedlele ukuze zityebe kwaye zifumane unyango rhoqo.

Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke iintsana ezizalwe zinobunzima obuphantsi ekufuneka zilaliswe esibhedlele kwaye zingabinazo iingxaki, zihlala zikwazi ukugoduka zisandula ukuzalwa. Kwezi meko, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukulandela isikhokelo sezigulana kunye nokubonelela ngobisi lwebele, kuba oku kuya kukunceda ukutyeba kunye nokukhula ngokufanelekileyo. Bona ngakumbi malunga nolunye unonophelo lwabantwana olunobunzima obuphantsi.

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka

Ngokubanzi, ukuthoba ubunzima bokuzalwa, kokukhona umngcipheko wobunzima, kunye nezinye zezi ngxaki:

• Amanqanaba e-oxygen ephantsi;
• Ukungakwazi ukugcina ubushushu bomzimba;
• Usulelo;
• Ukuphefumla okungathandekiyo;
• Ukopha;
• Iingxaki zemithambo-luvo kunye namathumbu;
• Iswekile esezantsi;
• Umbono utshintsha.

Nangona ingengabo bonke abantwana abazalwa benesisindo esiphantsi abakhula kwezi ngxaki, kufuneka bakhatshwe ngugqirha wabantwana, ukuze ukukhula kwabo kwenzeke ngokwesiqhelo.