Iisilinda zomchamo: iintlobo eziphambili kunye nokuba zithetha ntoni

Umxholo

• Inokuba yintoni
• 1. iisilinda zeHyaline
• 2. Isilinda sehemic
• 3. Isilinda eyileukocyte
• 4. Isilinda seentsholongwane
• 5. Isilinda yeeseli epithelial
• Zenziwa njani iisilinda

Iisilinda zizinto ezakhiwe ngokukodwa kwizintso ezingafane zichongwe kumchamo wabantu abasempilweni. Ke, xa iisilinda zijongwa kuvavanyo lomchamo, inokuba luphawu lokuba lukhona utshintsho kwiizintso, nokuba lusulelo, kukudumba okanye kukutshatyalaliswa kwezintso, umzekelo.

Ubukho beesilinda buqinisekisiwe kuvavanyo lomchamo, i-EAS okanye uvavanyo lohlobo lomchamo, apho, ngohlalutyo oluncinci, kunokwenzeka ukuba kugcinwe iisilinda. Ngokwesiqhelo, xa ubukho beesilinda buqinisekiswa, eminye imiba yoviwo iyatshintshwa, ezinje ngeeukocyte, inani leeseli ze-epithelial kunye neerythrocyte, umzekelo. Nantsi indlela yokuqonda uvavanyo lomchamo.

Inokuba yintoni

Kuxhomekeka kwindawo yokwakheka kunye nezinto ezenziwayo, iisilinda zinokuthathwa njengesiqhelo, kodwa xa inani elikhulu lesilinda lihlolwe kunye nolunye utshintsho oluchongiweyo kuvavanyo lomchamo, kubalulekile ukuba kwenziwe uphando, njengoko inokubonisa utshintsho olunzulu.

Ezona ntlobo ziphambili zezilinda zomchamo kunye nentsingiselo enokubakho zezi:

1. iisilinda zeHyaline

Olu hlobo lwesilinda lolona luxhaphakileyo kwaye lwenziwa ngokusisiseko yiprotein yeTamm-Horsfall. Xa kufikwe kwi-2 hyaline cylinders efumaneka kumchamo, ihlala ithathwa njengesiqhelo, kwaye inokwenzeka ngenxa yokuziqhelanisa nemisebenzi yomzimba ebanzi, ukomisa amanzi emzimbeni, ubushushu obugqithisileyo okanye uxinzelelo. Nangona kunjalo, xa iisilinda ezininzi ze-hyaline zibonwa, inokubonisa i-glomerulonephritis, i-pyelonephritis okanye isifo esinganyangekiyo sezintso, umzekelo.

2. Isilinda sehemic

Olu hlobo lwesilinda, ukongeza kwiprotein ye-Tamm-Horsfall, yenziwe ngeeseli ezibomvu zegazi kwaye ihlala ibonisa ukonakala kulo naluphi na ulwakhiwo lwe-nephron, eyiyunithi esebenzayo yezintso inoxanduva lokuvelisa umchamo.

Kuqhelekile ukuba ukongeza kwisilinda, kuvavanyo lomchamo kunokubonisa ubukho beeproteni kunye neeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ukongeza ekubonakaliseni iingxaki zezintso, iisilinda zehematic zinokubonakala kuvavanyo lomchamo wabantu abasempilweni emva kokuziqhelanisa nemidlalo yokunxibelelana.

3. Isilinda eyileukocyte

Isilinda segazi leukocyte ubukhulu becala senziwe zii-leukocyte kwaye ubukho bayo buhlala bubonisa ukosuleleka okanye ukudumba kwe-nephron, inxulunyaniswa ne-pyelonephritis kunye ne-nephritis ebukhali ye-interstitial nephritis.

Nangona isilinda se-leukocyte sibonisa i-pyelonephritis, ubukho bolu lwakhiwo akufuneki buthathelwe ingqalelo njengenqobo enye yokuqonda isifo, kwaye kubalulekile ukuvavanya ezinye iiparameter zoviwo.

[uphononongo lokujonga kwakhona]

4. Isilinda seentsholongwane

Isilinda sebhaktiriya kunzima ukukubona, nangona kunjalo kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukubonakala kwi-pyelonephritis kwaye yenziwa yintsholongwane edibene neprotein yeTamm-Horsfall.

5. Isilinda yeeseli epithelial

Ubukho beesilinda zeeseli ze-epithelial kumchamo zihlala zibonisa ukutshabalaliswa kwangaphambili kwetyhubhu yezintso, kodwa inokunxulunyaniswa netyhefu ebangelwa ziziyobisi, ukubonakaliswa sisinyithi esinzima kunye nosulelo lwentsholongwane.

Ukongeza kwezi, kukho ii-granular, ubuchopho kunye neesilinda ezinamanqatha, le yokugqibela yenziwe ngamaseli atyebileyo kwaye inxulunyaniswa ne-nephrotic syndrome kunye neswekile. Kubalulekile ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo lomchamo zivavanywe ngugqirha, ngakumbi ukuba ingxelo ibonisa ubukho beesilinda. Ke, ugqirha uya kuba nakho ukuphanda unobangela wesilinda kwaye aqalise olona nyango lufanelekileyo.

Zenziwa njani iisilinda

Iisilinda zenziwa ngaphakathi kumbhobho ojikelezayo kunye nomjelo wokuqokelela, ezizizakhiwo ezinxulumene nokwakheka nokupheliswa komchamo. Enye yezinto eziphambili zeesilinda yiprotein yeTamm-Horsfall, eyiprotein ekhutshwe yi-tubal renal epithelium kwaye isuswe ngokwendalo kumchamo.

Xa kukho ukupheliswa okukhulu kweeproteni ngenxa yoxinzelelo, umsebenzi omninzi womzimba okanye iingxaki zezintso, iiproteni zihlala zithatha ukuhlangana kude kube kuyilwe isakhiwo esomeleleyo, iisilinda. Kwakhona ngexesha lenkqubo yokwakheka, kunokwenzeka ukuba izinto ezikhoyo kwi-tubular filtrate (ebizwa kamva ukuba ngumchamo) nazo zibandakanyiwe, ezinje ngeeseli ze-epithelial, iibacteria, i-pigment, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye nee-leukocytes, umzekelo.

Emva kokusekwa kweesilinda, iiproteni ezikhoyo ziyazikhupha kwi-epithelium ye-tubular kwaye ziyasuswa kumchamo.

Bona iinkcukacha ezithe kratya malunga nokuba wenziwa njani umchamo.