Zeziphi Oonobangela Abaqhelekileyo Bombono Wamafu?

Umxholo

• Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kombono omfiliba nombono onamafu?
• Zeziphi ezona zinto zixhaphakileyo zokubona kwamafu?
• Iimpawu
• Fuchs ’idystrophy
• Ukonakala kweMacular
• Ukujonga kwakhona isifo seswekile
• Yintoni enokubangela ukubonwa ngamafu ngequbuliso kwiliso elinye okanye kokubini?
• Uza kubona nini ugqirha wamehlo
• Umgca wezantsi

Umbono onamafu wenza ukuba umhlaba wakho ubonakale ngathi uyinkungu.

Xa ungaboni izinto ezikungqongileyo ngokucacileyo, inokuphazamisa umgangatho wobomi bakho. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubalulekile ukufumana oyena nobangela wamehlo akho anamafu.

Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kombono omfiliba nombono onamafu?

Abantu abaninzi bayabhidisa umbono ontsonkothileyo kunye nombono osibekele. Ngelixa zifana kwaye zinokubangelwa yimeko efanayo, zahlukile.

• Umbono omfiliba kuxa izinto zikhangeleka zijolise. Ukuqunjaza amehlo kunokukunceda ubone ngokucacileyo.
• Umbono onamafu kuxa kubonakala ngathi ujonge kwi-haze okanye inkungu. Imibala inokujongeka ithulisiwe okanye iphele nayo. Ukuqunjelwa akuncedi ekuboneni izinto ngokuthe kratya.

Zombini ukungaboni kakuhle kunye nombono osibekele ngamanye amaxesha unokuhamba kunye neempawu ezinjengeentloko, iintlungu zamehlo, kunye neehalos ezijikeleze izibane.

Ezinye zeemeko ezibangela ukungaboni kakuhle okanye umbono onamafu kunokukhokelela ekuphulukaneni nombono ukuba awunyangwa.

Zeziphi ezona zinto zixhaphakileyo zokubona kwamafu?

Umbono omnyama unezizathu ezininzi ezinokubangela izizathu. Masiqwalasele ezinye zezona ziqhelekileyo:

Iimpawu

I-cataract yimeko apho ilensi yamehlo akho enamafu. Iilensi zakho zihlala zicacile, ngoko ke ilangatye lenza kubonakale ngathi ujonge ngefestile yenkungu. Esi sesona sizathu siqhelekileyo sokubona okunamafu.

Njengoko i-cataract iqhubeka ikhula, inokuphazamisa ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla kwaye yenze kube nzima ngakumbi ukubona izinto ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokucacileyo.

Uninzi lweekati luvela kancinci, kungoko luchaphazela umbono wakho njengoko bekhula. I-Cataract ihlala ikhula emehlweni omabini, kodwa hayi kwinqanaba elifanayo. I-cataract kwelinye iliso inokukhula ngokukhawuleza kunenye, enokubangela umahluko kumbono phakathi kwamehlo.

Ubudala yeyona nto ibangela umngcipheko kwintsholongwane. Kungenxa yokuba utshintsho olunxulumene nobudala lunokubangela ukuba izicubu zeelensi zonakale kwaye zidibane kunye, ezenza cataract.

I-Cataract nayo ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu:

• unesifo seswekile
• ukuba noxinzelelo lwegazi
• Thatha amayeza e-steroid exesha elide
• Bekhe ngaphambili wahlinzwa ngamehlo
• ndikhe ndaba nohlobo oluthile lokonzakala kwamehlo

Iimpawu zecaract zibandakanya:

• enamafu okanye engacacanga kakuhle
• ubunzima bokungaboni kakuhle ebusuku okanye ekukhanyeni okuphantsi
• ukubona iihalos ezijikeleze izibane
• uvakalelo ekukhanyeni
• imibala ikhangeleka iphelile
• Utshintsho olwenzeka rhoqo kwiiglasi zakho okanye kwimigqaliselo yelensi yokunxibelelana
• umbono kabini kwiliso elinye

Ngamaxesha okuqala, kukho utshintsho onokulenza ukunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu, njengokusebenzisa izibane ezikhanyayo ngaphakathi, ukunxiba izibuko zelanga ezichasayo, kunye nokusebenzisa iglasi yokukhulisa ukufunda.

Nangona kunjalo, utyando kuphela kwonyango olusebenzayo lwengxakana. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba utyando xa i-cataract yakho iphazamisa ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla, okanye ukunciphisa umgangatho wobomi.

Ngexesha lotyando, ilensi yakho enamafu iyasuswa kwaye endaweni yayo kufakwe ilensi eyenziweyo. Olu tyando yinkqubo yezigulana ezingalaliswayo kwaye ungahlala ugoduke kwangolo suku.

Utyando lweCataract lukhuseleke kakhulu kwaye lunenqanaba eliphezulu lempumelelo.

Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kotyando, kuyakufuneka usebenzise amathontsi wamehlo kwaye unxibe isikhuselo samehlo xa ulele. Unokwenza imisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kotyando. Ukuchacha ngokupheleleyo kungathatha iiveki ezininzi, nangona kunjalo.

Fuchs ’idystrophy

I-Fuchs 'dystrophy sisifo esichaphazela i-cornea.

I-cornea inoluhlu lweeseli ezibizwa ngokuba yi-endothelium, epompa ulwelo ngaphandle kwe-cornea kwaye igcine umbono wakho ucacile. Kwi-Fuchs ’dystrophy, iiseli ze-endothelial ziyafa kancinci, ezikhokelela kulwakhiwo lolwelo kwi-cornea. Oku kunokubangela umbono onamafu.

Uninzi lwabantu alunazo naziphi na iimpawu ngexesha lamanqanaba okuqala e-Fuchs ’dystrophy. Uphawu lokuqala luya kuba ngumbono ongacacanga kusasa ocacayo emini.

Iimpawu kamva zinokubandakanya:

• ukungaboni kakuhle okanye umbono onamafu imini yonke
• iblisters encinci kwi-cornea yakho; ezi zinokuqhekeka kwaye zibangele iintlungu zamehlo
• uvakalelo olunobungozi kwiso lakho
• uvakalelo ekukhanyeni

I-dystrophy ye-Fuchs ixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini nakubantu abanembali yosapho yesi sifo. Iimpawu zihlala zivela emva kweminyaka engama-50.

Unyango lwe-Fuchs 'dystrophy luxhomekeke ekubeni isifo sichaphazela njani iliso lakho, kwaye sinokubandakanya:

• wamehlo ukunciphisa ukudumba
• usebenzisa umthombo wobushushu (njengesomisi seenwele) ukunceda ukomisa umphezulu wekoralea yakho
• ukufakelwa kwe-corneal yeeseli ze-endothelial kuphela, okanye i-cornea epheleleyo, ukuba iimpawu zinzima kwaye aziphenduli kolunye unyango

Ukonakala kweMacular

Ukonakala kwe-Macular kungunobangela ophambili wokuphulukana nombono. Kwenzeka xa indawo esembindini yeretina- inxenye yamehlo ethumela imifanekiso kwingqondo yakho- isiba mbi.

Zimbini iintlobo zokonakala kwe-macular: kumanzi kwaye kome.

Uninzi lokwehla kwe-macular luhlobo olomileyo. Oku kubangelwa ziidipozithi ezincinci ezibizwa ngokuba kukwakhiwa kwedrusen phantsi kweziko le-retina.

Ukudodobala okumanzi okumanzi kubangelwa yimithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga eyakha emva kweretina kunye nokuvuza kolwelo.

Ekuqaleni, unokungaboni naziphi na iimpawu. Ekugqibeleni iya kubangela i-wavy, ifu, okanye umbono ophazamisayo.

Ubudala yeyona nto iphambili emngciphekweni wokonakala kwamacular. Kuqheleke kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kwama-55.

Eminye imingcipheko ibandakanya imbali yosapho, ubuhlanga - ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu baseCaucasus - kunye nokutshaya. Unokuwunciphisa umngcipheko ngoku:

• engatshayi
• ukukhusela amehlo akho xa ungaphandle
• ukutya ukutya okusempilweni, okunesondlo
• ukuzilolonga rhoqo

Akukho lunyango lokonakala kwe-macular. Nangona kunjalo, unokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwayo.

Kuhlobo olomileyo, kukho ubungqina bokuba iivithamini kunye nezongezo, kubandakanya ivithamin C, ivithamin E, zinc, kunye nobhedu, kunokunceda ukucothisa ukuqhubela phambili.

Ukonakala okumanzi kwe-macular, zimbini iindlela zonyango onokuthi uzithathele ingqalelo kunye nogqirha ukuba ucothise inkqubela phambili:

• Unyango oluchasene ne-VEGF. Oku kusebenza ngokuthintela imithambo yegazi ukuba ingenzeki emva kweretina, eyeka ukuvuza. Olu nyango lunikwa ngokudutyulwa kwiliso lakho, kwaye yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kokuwohloka okumanzi okumanzi.
• Unyango lweLaser. Olu nyango lunokunceda ekucothiseni ukuqhubela phambili kokuhla kwe-macular emanzi.

Ukujonga kwakhona isifo seswekile

I-retinopathy yeswekile yinkxalabo yesifo seswekile eyonakalisa imithambo yegazi kwi-retina.

Kubangelwa siswekile egqithileyo egazini lakho ethintela imithambo yegazi edibanisa kwi-retina, ecutha ukunikezelwa kwegazi. Iliso liyakukhula imithambo yegazi emitsha, kodwa ezi azikhuli kakuhle kubantu abanesifo seswekile.

Nabani na onohlobo lwe-1 okanye udidi lwesibini lwesifo seswekile unokukhulisa isifo seswekile. Okukhona unesifo seswekile, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba uphuhlise imeko, ngakumbi ukuba iswekile yegazi lakho ayilawulwa kakuhle.

Ezinye izinto ezonyusa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo seswekile zibandakanya:

• ukuba noxinzelelo lwegazi
• ukuba ne-cholesterol ephezulu
• ukutshaya

Ukuqala kwesifo seswekile kungakhange kubangele naziphi na iimpawu. Kumanqanaba okugqibela, iimpawu zinokubandakanya:

• umbono ongenalwazi okanye umbono onamafu
• Imibala ethulisiweyo
• iindawo ezingenanto okanye ezimnyama kumbono wakho
• i-floaters (amabala amnyama kwicandelo lakho lombono)
• ukulahleka kombono

Ekuqaleni kwesifo seswekile, usenokungafuni unyango. Ugqirha wakho unokujonga nje umbono wakho ukuze abone ukuba unyango kufuneka luqale nini.

Ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo seswekile kuya kufuna unyango. Oku kunokumisa okanye kunciphise ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo seswekile, kodwa kunokuphinda kuphuhle ukuba isifo seswekile siyaqhubeka ukungalawulwa kakuhle.

Unyango lunokubandakanya:

• I-photocoagulation, esebenzisa ii-lasers ukunqanda imithambo yegazi ukuphuma
• i-panretinal photocoagulation, esebenzisa ii-lasers ukunciphisa imithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga
• i-vitrectomy, ebandakanya ukususwa kwegazi kunye nezicwili ezibomvu ngokusikwa kancinci kwiliso lakho
• Unyango lwe-VEGF

Yintoni enokubangela ukubonwa ngamafu ngequbuliso kwiliso elinye okanye kokubini?

Uninzi lwezinto ezibangela ukubonwa ngamafu ziba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kodwa kukho iimeko ezithile xa unokubona ngokukhawuleza ngamafu kwelinye okanye omabini amehlo.

Oku kubandakanya:

• Ukulimala kwamehlo, ezinjengokubetheka esweni.
• Usulelo kwiso lakho. Usulelo lwamehlo olunokubangela umbono wamafu ngesiquphe ziiherpes, igcushuwa, isifo sephepha, kunye ne-toxoplasmosis.
• Ukudumba kwiliso lakho. Njengoko iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi zikhawulezisa ukudumba kunye nokudumba, zinokutshabalalisa izicwili zamehlo kwaye zibangele umbono wamafu ngequbuliso. Ukudumba kwiliso kuhlala kubangelwa sisifo esizimela komzimba, kodwa kunokubangelwa sisifo okanye ukwenzakala.

Uza kubona nini ugqirha wamehlo

Ngamaxesha athile okanye umbono onamafu kancinci kunokuba yinto ekungafanelekanga ngayo. Kodwa kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho ukuba ubumnyama buhlala ngaphezulu kosuku okanye ezimbini.

Kuya kufuneka ubonane nogqirha ukuba unazo naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• utshintsho kumbono wakho
• umbono kabini
• ubona ukukhanya kokukhanya
• iintlungu zamehlo ngokukhawuleza
• iintlungu zamehlo ezinzima
• imvakalelo enoburharha elisweni lakho engahambiyo
• intloko ebuhlungu ngequbuliso

Umgca wezantsi

Xa unamehlo anamafu, kunokubonakala ngathi ujonge kwihlabathi ngefestile yenkungu.

I-Cataract sesona sizathu siqhelekileyo sokubona okunamafu. Inkoliso yezi ngxaki ikhula kancinci, kodwa ihlala iba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Utyando lweCataract lolona nyango lusebenzayo ukunceda ukubuyisela umbono wakho.

Abanye oonobangela abambalwa bokubona kwamafu kubandakanya i-Fuchs ’dystrophy, ukonakala kwe-macular, kunye ne-diabetic retinopathy.

Ukuba ufumana umbono onamafu, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nonobangela kunye nonyango.