Yintoni i-Cochlear Implant, kwaye isebenza njani?

Umxholo

• Yintoni ukufakelwa kwecochlear?
• Ngubani olungele bona?
• Yahluke njani kuncedo lokuva?
• Ixabisa malini ukufakela i-cochlear?
• Zeziphi izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga zokufakwa kwe-cochlear?
• Iinkonzo
• Bendlela
• Ngaba kubandakanya ntoni ukwenza utyando lwe-cochlear?
• Umgca wezantsi

Ukuba ulahlekelwe ngamandla kukuva, unokufumana isibonelelo sokufakwa kwe-cochlear. Esi sisixhobo esifakelwe ngotyando kwi-cochlea yakho, ithambo elimile okomileyo kwindlebe yakho yangaphakathi.

Ukufakwa kwe-cochlear kuguqula izandi zibe ziimpembelelo zombane, ezitolikwa ngengqondo. Injongo yokutshintsha umsebenzi wecochlea.

Nangona kunjalo, isixhobo asifanelanga wonke umntu, kwaye kukho iingxaki ezinokubakho. Ukuphumelela ukusebenzisa i-cochlear implant kukwafuna unyango olubanzi kunye noqeqesho.

Kule nqaku, siza kujonga indlela isixhobo esisebenza ngayo kunye nokuba yintoni inkqubo efunekayo. Siza kugubungela iindleko, iingenelo kunye neengxaki.

Yintoni ukufakelwa kwecochlear?

Ukufakwa kwe-cochlear sisixhobo esincinci se-elektroniki esiphuculisa ukumodareyitha ukuya kuphulukana nokuva kakhulu. Isetyenziselwa ukunceda ukulahleka kwendlebe kubantu abadala, abantwana kunye neentsana.

Isixhobo sisebenza ngombane ngokuvuselela i-cochlear nerve. Inamacandelo angaphandle nangaphakathi.

Imizekeliso nguGeorge Sabogal

Inkqubo ye- icandelo langaphandle ibekwe emva kwendlebe. Iqukethe imakrofoni, efumana amaza omsindo. Iprosesa yentetho ihlalutya izandi ize izenze imiqondiso yedijithali.

Ezi miqondiso zithunyelwa kwisigijimi, esizithumela kumamkeli wangaphakathi. Umthumeli kunye nomamkeli zigcinwe kunye ngomazibuthe.

Inkqubo ye- isahlulo sangaphakathi ifakwe phantsi kolusu, emva kwendlebe. Xa umamkeli efumana imiqondiso yedijithali, ibaguqula babe ziimpembelelo zombane.

Ezi ntshukumisa zithunyelwa kwii-electrode kwi-cochlea, evuselela i-cochlear nerve. Iimbilini zibadlulisela kwingqondo. Iziphumo kukuva.

Nangona ingqondo izakuziqaphela izandi, azifani nokuva okuqhelekileyo. Unyango lwentetho kunye nokuvuselelwa kuyafuneka ukuze ufunde ukutolika ngokufanelekileyo ezi zandi.

Ngubani olungele bona?

Ukufakwa kwe-cochlear akulungele wonke umntu. Iintsana, abantwana kunye nabantu abadala banokuba ngabaviwa abalungileyo ukuba:

• ukulahlekelwa ngamandla kwindlebe zombini
• akafumananga zibonelelo zoncedo lokuva
• akukho meko zonyango zinokunyusa umngcipheko wotyando

Njengomntu omdala, unokuba ngumgqatswa ofanelekileyo ukuba:

• unendlebe yokulahleka ephazamisa unxibelelwano
• uphulukene konke okanye uninzi lokuva kamva ebomini
• kuxhomekeka ekufundeni imilebe, nkqu nangezixhobo zokuva
• bazimisele ukuzibophelela ekuvuseleleni
• Qonda ukuba zeziphi izinto ezinokufakwa kwaye zingabinakho ukuzenza

Ugqirha we-audiologist nendlebe, impumlo, nomqala (ENT) ugqirha unokugqiba ukuba ngaba isixhobo sikulungele na.

Yahluke njani kuncedo lokuva?

Uncedo lokuva lukwasisixhobo sonyango sokuphulukana nokuva. Kodwa ngokungafaniyo nokufakwa kwe-cochlear, ayidlulisi imiqondiso yesandi ngee-electrode.

Endaweni yoko, izixhobo zokuva zisebenzisa imakrofoni, isandisi-lizwi kunye nesithethi ukwenza izandi ezingaphezulu. Oku kunokukunceda uve izinto ngcono.

Kwakhona, izixhobo zokuva azifakwanga ngotyando. Banxibe ngaphakathi okanye ngasemva kwendlebe.

Izinto zokuncedisa ukuva zihlala zilungile ukuba unobunzima bokumamela. Inqanaba lesixhobo lokukhulisa lixhomekeke kwinqanaba lakho lokulahleka kwendlebe.

Izinto ezithile zokuncedisa ukuva zinokunceda ukulahleka kwendlebe okunzima, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ngekhe kuzuze ukuqonda kokuthetha. Kule meko, ukufakelwa kwe-cochlear kunokuba lolona khetho lubhetele.

Ixabisa malini ukufakela i-cochlear?

Ngaphandle kwe-inshurensi, ukufakelwa kwe-cochlear kungabiza phakathi kwe- $ 30,000 kunye ne- $ 50,000 ngokomndilili, ngokutsho kwesibhedlele i-Boys Town National Hospital.

Uninzi lwababoneleli ngeinshurensi bagquma ukufakelwa kwecochlear okanye isahlulo sabo. Esi sixhobo sikwakhuselwe yiMedicare, iMedicaid, kunye neMicimbi yamaGqala.

Ixesha elingaphezulu, kuya kufuneka ubeke endaweni yeendawo ezinje ngeemakrofoni kunye neemagnethi. Unokufuna ukulungiswa. Ezinye izicwangciso zeinshurensi zigubungela ezi ndleko.

Uya kufuna ukuthetha nomnikezeli wakho weinshurensi ukuze ufumanise ukuba yintoni le igutyungelweyo nokuba uya kuba nazo naziphi na iindleko eziphuma epokothweni.

Zeziphi izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga zokufakwa kwe-cochlear?

Njengazo zonke izixhobo zonyango, kukho izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga zokufakelwa kwe-cochlear.

Iinkonzo

Ukuba ulahlekelwe ngamandla kukuva, ukufakelwa kwe-cochlear kunokuphucula umgangatho wobomi bakho.

Izibonelelo zixhomekeke kwinkqubo yakho nakwinkqubo yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo. Ngokufakwa kwe-cochlear, unokukwazi uku:

• kuva izandi ezahlukeneyo, njengokulandela iinyawo
• ukuqonda intetho ngaphandle kokufunda imilebe
• uve amazwi emnxebeni
• yiva umculo
• Bukela iTV ngaphandle kwamagama

Iintsana nabantwana abasabhadazayo, isixhobo singabanceda bafunde ukuthetha.

Bendlela

Utyando lwe-Cochlear lokutyala yinkqubo ekhuselekileyo ngokubanzi. Nangona kunjalo, ibeka umngcipheko onokubakho, onje:

• ukopha
• ukudumba
• ukukhala kwindlebe (tinnitus)
• isiyezi
• usulelo kwindawo yotyando
• umlomo owomileyo
• utshintsho lweencasa
• ukukhubazeka ebusweni
• imiba eseleyo
• meningitis
• utyando lokususa ukufakelwa (ngenxa yosulelo) okanye ukulungisa ukufakelwa okungalunganga

Ubungozi bakho buxhomekeke kwimpilo yakho kunye neemeko zonyango.

Kwakhona, ukufakelwa kwe-cochlear akubuyisi ukuva okuqhelekileyo. Abanye abantu, akunakunceda konke konke.

Ezinye izinto ezinokubakho zibandakanya:

• ukususa icandelo langaphandle lokuhlamba okanye lokuqubha
• Ukutshaja rhoqo iibhetri okanye ukusebenzisa ezintsha
• ukuphulukana nokuva kwendalo okushiyekileyo endlebeni kunye nokufakwa
• umonakalo ekufakweni ngexesha lezemidlalo okanye kwiingozi
• ukuvuselelwa ngokubanzi ukukunceda ufunde ukuba ungakusebenzisa njani ukufakelwa

Ngaba kubandakanya ntoni ukwenza utyando lwe-cochlear?

Ukuba oogqirha bakho bathathe isigqibo sokuba ungazuza kufakelo lwe-cochlear, baya kuchaza ukuba kubandakanya ntoni kwaye bacwangcise utyando.

Nantsi into edla ngokwenzeka:

1. Phambi kotyando, unikwa ianesthesia ngokubanzi ukuze ulale.
2. Nje ukuba ulele, ugqirha wakho wotyando wenza ukusikwa emva kwendlebe yakho kwaye enze induction encinci kwithambo le-mastoid.
3. Ugqirha wakho wenza umngxunya omncinci kwi-cochlea. Emva koko bafaka ii-electrode emngxunyeni.
4. Emva koko, bafaka umamkeli emva kwendlebe yakho, phantsi kolusu. Bayigcina kwikakayi kwaye batyele ukusikwa.
5. Nje ukuba ugqirha ugqityiwe, uya kusiwa kwiyunithi yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo, apho uvuka khona. Uya kujongwa ngononophelo ukuze uqiniseke ukuba awunazo naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kuqhaqho.
6. Uya kukhutshwa emva kweeyure ezimbalwa emva kotyando okanye usuku olulandelayo.

Phambi kokuba uphume esibhedlele, ingcali kwezempilo iya kukubonisa indlela yokunyamekela usikezo.

Uya kuba nokuqeshwa kokulandelelana malunga neveki kamva, ngoko ugqirha wakho wotyando unokujonga ukusikwa kwaye abone ukuba iphola njani. Ukuqanjwa kufuna ukuphilisa ngaphambi kokuba kufakelwe ukusebenza.

Malunga nenyanga e-1 emva kotyando, ugqirha wakho uya kongeza amalungu angaphandle. Izinto zangaphakathi ziya kuthi emva koko zisebenze.

Ngexesha leenyanga ezimbalwa ezizayo, kuya kufuneka ujonge ugqirha rhoqo ukuze uhlengahlengiso. Uya kudinga unyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-audiologic rehabilitation. Oku kuya kukunceda ukuphucula ubuchule bokuva nokuthetha. Ihlala ibandakanya ukusebenzisana nengcali yezamazwi okanye ulwimi oluthetha ngolwimi.

Umgca wezantsi

Ukuba izixhobo zokuva azikwazi ukuphucula ukuva okanye intetho, ungangumgqatswa ofanelekileyo wokufakwa kwe-cochlear.

Esi sixhobo, esifakwe ngotyando kwi-cochlea yakho, siguqula izandi zibe ngamandla ombane, atolikwa yingqondo yakho.

Isazi sobuchwephesha siya kusebenzisa iimviwo zokuva kunye novavanyo lokucinga ukukunceda ukuba ubone ukuba kulungile kuwe, kunye nenqanaba lokulahleka kwendlebe.

Emva kotyando, kubalulekile ukuzibophelela ekuvuseleleni i-audiologic. Oku kubalulekile ekuphuculeni umbono wakho kunye nokusebenzisa ukufakelwa kwe-cochlear ngempumelelo.