ICOPD

Umxholo

• Isishwankathelo
• Yintoni i-COPD (isifo esingapheliyo sokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga)?
• Zithini iintlobo zeCOPD (isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga)?
• Yintoni ebangela i-COPD (isifo esingapheliyo sokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga)?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni weCOPD (isifo esinganyangekiyo sokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga)?
• Zithini iimpawu zeCOPD (isifo esingapheliyo sokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga)?
• Ichongwa njani i-COPD (isifo esingapheliyo sokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga)?
• Luthini unyango lweCOPD (isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga)?
• Ngaba i-COPD (isifo esinganyangekiyo sokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga) inokuthintelwa?

Isishwankathelo

Yintoni i-COPD (isifo esingapheliyo sokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga)?

I-COPD (isifo esinganyangekiyo sokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga) liqela lezifo zemiphunga ezenza ukuba kube nzima ukuphefumla kwaye zisiba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, iindlela zomoya kunye neengxowa zomoya kwimiphunga yakho zi-elastic or stretching. Xa uphefumlela ngaphakathi, iindlela zomoya zizisa umoya kwiisaka zomoya. Iingxowa zomoya zigcwalisa umoya, njengebhaluni encinci. Xa uphefumlela ngaphandle, izingxowa zomoya ziyaphuma, kwaye umoya uyaphuma. Ukuba unayo i-COPD, umoya ongaphantsi ungena uphume kwindlela yakho yomoya ngenxa yengxaki enye okanye nangaphezulu:

• Iindlela zomoya kunye neengxowa zomoya emiphungeni yakho ziye zingabi nandawo
• Iindonga phakathi kweesaka ezininzi zomoya ziyatshatyalaliswa
• Iindonga zomoya ziba ninzi kwaye zivutha
• Iindlela zomoya zenza i-mucus ngakumbi kunesiqhelo kwaye zinokuvaleka

Zithini iintlobo zeCOPD (isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga)?

I-COPD ibandakanya iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili:

• I-Emphysema ichaphazela iingxowa zomoya kwimiphunga yakho, kunye neendonga eziphakathi kwazo. Ziyonakala kwaye zincinci.
• I-bronchitis engapheliyo, apho ulwelo lweendlela zakho zomoya luhlala lucaphukisa kwaye ludume. Oku kubangela ukuba ulwelwesi lukhukhumale kwaye lwenze i-mucus.

Uninzi lwabantu abane-COPD bane-emphysema kunye ne-bronchitis engapheliyo, kodwa ukuba lukhulu kangakanani uhlobo ngalunye lungahluka kumntu kumntu.

Yintoni ebangela i-COPD (isifo esingapheliyo sokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga)?

Unobangela weCOPD uhlala ekuboniseni ixesha elide kwizicaphukisi ezonakalisa imiphunga kunye neendlela zomoya. EUnited States, umsi wecuba ngoyena nobangela. Ipayipi, icigar, kunye nezinye iintlobo zomsi wecuba zinokubangela i-COPD, ngakumbi ukuba ubangenisa.

Ukuvezwa kwezinye izinto ezingafunekiyo kunokufaka isandla kwi-COPD. Oku kubandakanya ukutshaya okutsha, ungcoliseko lomoya, kunye nomsi wamachiza okanye uthuli oluvela kwindalo esingqongileyo okanye kwindawo yokusebenza.

Rare, imeko yemfuza ebizwa ngokuba yi-alpha-1 antitrypsin defence inokudlala indima ebangela iCOPD.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni weCOPD (isifo esinganyangekiyo sokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga)?

Imiba yomngcipheko weCOPD ibandakanya

• Ukutshaya. Le yeyona nto iphambili emngciphekweni. Ukufikelela kuma-75% abantu abanomsi weCOPD okanye abasebenzisa ukutshaya.
• Ukuchaphazeleka kwexesha elide kwezinye izinto eziphazamisayo zemiphunga, ezinje ngomsi wecuba, ukungcola komoya, kunye nomsi wamachiza kunye nothuli oluvela kwindalo esingqongileyo okanye kwindawo yokusebenza
• Ubudala. Uninzi lwabantu abaneCOPD ubuncinci baneminyaka engama-40 ubudala xa iimpawu zabo ziqala.
• Imfuza. Oku kubandakanya i-alpha-1 antitrypsin defence, eyimeko yemfuza. Kwakhona, abantu abatshayayo abafumana i-COPD kunokwenzeka ukuba bayifumane ukuba banembali yosapho ye-COPD.

Zithini iimpawu zeCOPD (isifo esingapheliyo sokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga)?

Ekuqaleni, awunakuba nazimpawu okanye kuphela iimpawu ezibuthathaka. Njengoko esi sifo siya sisiba mandundu, iimpawu zakho zihlala zisiba nzima. Banokubandakanya

• Ukukhohlela rhoqo okanye ukukhohlela okuvelisa uninzi lwee-mucus
• Ukukhawuleza
• Isandi okanye impempe xa uphefumla
• Ukuphefumla kancinci, ngakumbi ngokwenza umthambo
• Ukuqina esifubeni sakho

Abanye abantu abaneCOPD bafumana usulelo lokuphefumla rhoqo njengokubanda kunye nomkhuhlane. Kwiimeko ezinzima, i-COPD inokubangela ukulahleka kwesisindo, ubuthathaka kwimisipha yakho esezantsi, kunye nokudumba kumaqatha akho, iinyawo, okanye imilenze.

Ichongwa njani i-COPD (isifo esingapheliyo sokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga)?

Ukwenza isifo, umboneleli wakho wezempilo

• Uya kubuza malunga nembali yakho yezonyango kunye nembali yosapho
• Uya kubuza malunga neempawu zakho
• Ngamana ungenza iimvavanyo zelebhu, ezinje ngovavanyo lomsebenzi wemiphunga, i-x-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan, kunye novavanyo lwegazi

Ugqirha wakho uya kuyifumanisa i-COPD esekwe kwiimpawu kunye neempawu zakho, kwimbali yakho yezonyango nakwintsapho, kunye neziphumo zovavanyo.

Luthini unyango lweCOPD (isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga)?

Akukho lunyango lweCOPD. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lunokunceda ngeempawu, lucothise inkqubela phambili yesi sifo, kwaye luphucule amandla akho okuhlala usebenza. Kukwakho nonyango lokuthintela okanye ukunyanga iingxaki zesi sifo. Unyango lubandakanya

• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, njenge
  • Ukuyeka ukutshaya ukuba uyatshaya. Eli lelona nyathelo libaluleke kakhulu onokulithatha ukunyanga i-COPD.
  • Ukuphepha ukutshaya okutshaya kunye neendawo apho unokuphefumla kwezinye izinto ezingafunekiyo zemiphunga
  • Buza umboneleli wakho wezempilo ngesicwangciso sokutya esiya kuthi sihlangabezane neemfuno zakho zesondlo. Buza nokuba ungayenza kangakanani imisebenzi yomzimba. Umsebenzi womzimba unokuqinisa izihlunu ezikunceda uphefumle kwaye uphucule impilo yakho yonke.
• Amayeza, njenge
  • Iibronchodilators, ezenza izihlunu zihambe komoya wakho. Oku kunceda ukuvula iindlela zakho zomoya kwaye kwenza ukuphefumla kube lula. Uninzi lwebronchodilators zithathwa nge-inhaler. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, i-inhaler inokuqulatha i-steroids ukunciphisa ukudumba.
  • Amachiza omkhuhlane kunye ne-pneumococcal pneumonia, kuba abantu abane-COPD basemngciphekweni omkhulu weengxaki ezinzulu kwezi zifo
  • Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukuba ufumana usulelo lwebhaktiriya okanye lwentsholongwane
• Unyango lweoksijini, ukuba uneCOPD enzima kunye namanqanaba asezantsi eoksijini egazini lakho. Unyango lweoksijini lunokukunceda uphefumle ngcono. Unokufuna ioksijini eyongezelelweyo ngalo lonke ixesha okanye ngamaxesha athile kuphela.
• Ukuvuselelwa kwenkqubo yemiphunga, eyinkqubo enceda ukuphucula impilo yabantu abaneengxaki zokuphefumla ezingapheliyo. Inokubandakanya
  • Inkqubo yokwenza umthambo
  • Uqeqesho kulawulo lwezifo
  • Iingcebiso ngezondlo
  • Iingcebiso ngokwengqondo
• Ugqirha, njengesiqhelo sokugqibela kubantu abaneempawu ezibi ezingakhange zibengcono ngamayeza:
  • Kwi-COPD ikakhulu enxulumene ne-emphysema, kukho uqhaqho olo
    • Susa izicwili ezonakeleyo zemiphunga
    • Susa izithuba zomoya ezinkulu (i-bullae) ezinokuthi zenze xa kutshatyalaliswa iisaka zomoya. Ii-bullae zinokuphazamisa ukuphefumla.
  • Kwi-COPD enzima, abanye abantu banokufuna ukufakelwa kwemiphunga

Ukuba unayo i-COPD, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba nini kwaye phi ukufumana uncedo kwiimpawu zakho. Kuya kufuneka ufumane ukhathalelo olungxamisekileyo ukuba uneempawu ezinzima, ezinje ngengxaki yokubamba umphefumlo wakho okanye ukuthetha. Fowunela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu okanye ukuba unempawu zosulelo, njengomkhuhlane.

Ngaba i-COPD (isifo esinganyangekiyo sokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga) inokuthintelwa?

Kuba ukutshaya kubangela iimeko ezininzi zeCOPD, eyona ndlela yokuthintela kukungatshayi. Kukwabalulekile ukuzama ukunqanda ukucaphuka kwemiphunga okunje ngomsi osele uvela, ungcoliseko lomoya, umsi wemichiza nothuli.

I-NIH: Intliziyo yeSizwe, iMiphunga kunye neZiko leGazi

• Ukuphefumla: Ukulawula isifo seCOPD
• I-NIH isungula isiCwangciso sokuSebenza seCOPD sikaZwelonke
• 'Unenkani' ukuba unikezele kwi-COPD