Yintoni isifo seCoronary Artery?

Umxholo

• Oonobangela besifo semithambo
• Iimpawu zeCAD
• Iimpawu zeCAD yabasetyhini
• Imiba yomngcipheko kwi-CAD
• Ukuchonga i-CAD
• Luthini unyango lweCAD?
• Ithini imbonakalo yeCAD?

Ushwankathelo

Isifo semithambo yeCoronary (CAD) sibangela ukungahambi kakuhle kwegazi kwimithambo ebonelela ngegazi entliziyweni. Ikwabizwa ngokuba sisifo sentliziyo (i-CHD), i-CAD lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwesifo sentliziyo kwaye ichaphazela malunga nezigidi ezili-16.5 zaseMelika ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20.

Ikwangunobangela ophambili wokusweleka kwamadoda nabafazi eMelika. Kuqikelelwa ukuba kwimizuzwana engama-40, umntu othile eUnited States uhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.

Ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo kunokuvela kwi-CAD engalawulwayo.

Oonobangela besifo semithambo

Esona sizathu siqhelekileyo seCAD kukwenzakala kwemithambo yegazi nge-cholesterol plaque buildup kwimithambo, eyaziwa njenge-atherosclerosis. Ukuhamba kwegazi okwehlisiweyo kwenzeka xa enye okanye nangaphezulu yale mityarho ivalwe ngokuyinxenye okanye ivalwe ngokupheleleyo.

Iimitha ezine eziphambili ze-coronary arteries zibekwe phezu kwentliziyo:

• Umnatha ophambili wecoronary
• ushiye umthambo omkhulu wecoronary
• Umjelo we-circumflex wasekhohlo
• ushiye umphambili wehla ngomthambo

Le mithambo izisa ioksijini kunye negazi elinobutyebi kwisondlo sentliziyo yakho. Intliziyo yakho sisihlunu esinoxanduva lokumpompa igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke. NgokweKliniki yaseCleveland, intliziyo esempilweni ihambisa malunga ne-3,000 yeelitha zegazi emzimbeni wakho yonke imihla.

Njengalo naliphi na elinye ilungu okanye umsipha, intliziyo yakho kufuneka ifumane ubonelelo olwaneleyo, olunokuthenjwa lwegazi ukuze wenze umsebenzi walo. Ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni yakho kunokubangela iimpawu zeCAD.

Ezinye izinto ezinqabileyo zomonakalo okanye ukuvaleka kumthambo wecoronary zikwanciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya entliziyweni.

Iimpawu zeCAD

Xa intliziyo yakho ingafumani gazi laneleyo, unokufumana iimpawu ezahlukeneyo. U-Angina (ukungonwabi esifubeni) lolona phawu luqhelekileyo lweCAD. Abanye abantu bachaza oku kungonwabi njengo:

• iintlungu zesifuba
• ubunzima
• ukuqina
• ukutshisa
• ukucudisa

Ezi mpawu zinokuthi ziphosakele ngenxa yokubetha kwentliziyo okanye ukungancedi.

Ezinye iimpawu zeCAD zibandakanya:

• iintlungu ezingalweni okanye emagxeni
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukubila
• isiyezi

Unokufumana ezinye iimpawu xa ukuhamba kwegazi kuthintelwe. Ukuba ukuvaleka kunqumamisa ukuphuma kwegazi ngokupheleleyo okanye phantse ngokupheleleyo, izihlunu zentliziyo yakho ziya kuqala zife ukuba azibuyiswanga. Esi sisifo sentliziyo.

Sukuyityeshela nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, ngakumbi ukuba zibuhlungu okanye zihlala ngaphezulu kwemizuzu emihlanu. Unyango olukhawulezileyo luyimfuneko.

Iimpawu zeCAD yabasetyhini

Abasetyhini banokufumana ezi mpawu zingasentla, kodwa kunokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba:

• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• umqolo obuhlungu
• iintlungu zomhlathi
• ukuphefumla kancinci ngaphandle kokuva iintlungu esifubeni

Amadoda anomngcipheko ophezulu wokuba nesifo sentliziyo kunabafazi abangaphambi kokuba baye exesheni. Abafazi be-Postmenopausal abaneminyaka engama-70 ubudala banomngcipheko ofanayo nowamadoda.

Ngenxa yokuhla kwegazi, intliziyo yakho nayo:

• yiba buthathaka
• phuhlisa isingqisho sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga (arrhythmia) okanye amaxabiso
• usilele ukumpompa igazi elininzi njengoko umzimba wakho ufuna

Ugqirha wakho uya kuzifumanisa ezi ntlungu ngexesha lokuxilongwa.

Imiba yomngcipheko kwi-CAD

Ukuqonda umngcipheko we-CAD kunokunceda kwisicwangciso sakho sokuthintela okanye ukunciphisa amathuba okuphuhlisa esi sifo.

Izinto zomngcipheko zibandakanya:

• igazi elonyukayo
• amanqanaba aphezulu egazi cholesterol
• ukutshaya icuba
• Ukunganyangeki kwi-insulin / hyperglycemia / isifo seswekile
• ukutyeba kakhulu
• ukungasebenzi
• imikhwa yokutya engafanelekanga
• ukuthintela ukuphefumla xa ulala
• uxinzelelo lweemvakalelo
• Ukusela kakhulu utywala
• Imbali ye-preeclampsia ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Umngcipheko we-CAD nawo uyanda ngokobudala. Ngokusekwe kubudala bodwa njengengozi yomngcipheko, amadoda anomngcipheko omkhulu wesifo ukuqala kubudala beminyaka engama-45 kwaye abasetyhini banomngcipheko omkhulu ukuqala kweminyaka engama-55. .

Ukuchonga i-CAD

Ukuchonga i-CAD kufuna uphononongo lwembali yakho yezonyango, uviwo lomzimba kunye nolunye uvavanyo lonyango. Olu vavanyo lubandakanya:

• Electrocardiogram: Olu vavanyo lujonga imiqondiso yombane ehamba ngentliziyo yakho. Inokukunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba aqonde ukuba ukhe wahlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.
• Echocardiogram: Olu vavanyo lokucinga lusebenzisa amaza e-ultrasound ukwenza umfanekiso wentliziyo yakho. Iziphumo zolu vavanyo zibonisa ukuba izinto ezithile entliziyweni yakho zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo.
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo: Olu vavanyo oluthile luthatha uxinzelelo entliziyweni yakho ngexesha lokuzilolonga kunye nokuphumla. Uvavanyo lubeka iliso kwimisebenzi yombane wentliziyo yakho ngelixa uhamba kwi-treadmill okanye ukhwele ibhayisekile emileyo. Ukucingelwa kwenyukliya kunokwenziwa nakwinxalenye yolu vavanyo. Kulabo abangakwaziyo ukwenza umthambo, amayeza athile anokusetyenziselwa uvavanyo loxinzelelo.
• I-catheterization yentliziyo (i-catheterization yentliziyo yasekhohlo): Ngethuba lale nkqubo, ugqirha wakho utofa idayi ekhethekileyo kwimithambo yakho yegazi ngokusebenzisa ityhubhu efakwe kwimithambo yegreyini okanye kwingalo yakho. Idayi inceda ukuphucula umfanekiso we-radiographic of your coronary arteries ukuchonga naziphi na izithintelo.
• Ukuskena kwentliziyo kwe-CT: Ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa olu vavanyo lwe-imaging ukukhangela iidipozithi zecalcium kwimithambo yakho.

Luthini unyango lweCAD?

Kubalulekile ukunciphisa okanye ukulawula iimeko zakho zomngcipheko kwaye ufune unyango ukuze unciphise amathuba okuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha, ukuba ufumene ukuba une-CAD. Unyango luxhomekeke kwimeko yakho yangoku yezempilo, izinto ezinobungozi, kunye nokuba sempilweni ngokupheleleyo. Umzekelo, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela unyango kunyango lwe-cholesterol ephezulu okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi, okanye unokufumana amayeza okulawula iswekile yegazi ukuba unesifo seswekile.

Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila lunokunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kunye nokubetha. Umzekelo:

• yeka ukutshaya icuba
• Nciphisa okanye yeka ukusela kwakho utywala
• umthambo rhoqo
• ukunciphisa umzimba kwinqanaba elisempilweni
• yitya ukutya okusempilweni (okunamafutha amancinci, nesodiyamu ephantsi)

Ukuba imeko yakho ayiphuculanga notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila kunye nonyango, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ngenkqubo yokwandisa ukuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni yakho. Ezi nkqubo zinokuba:

• ibhaluni angioplasty: ukwandisa imithambo evaliweyo kunye nokususa i-plaque yokwakha, ihlala yenziwe ngokufakwa kwe-stent ukunceda ukugcina ukukhanya kuvulekile emva kwenkqubo
• Umthambo we-coronary bypass utyando lotyando: ukubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni kuqhaqho lwesifuba oluvulekileyo
• ukunyanzeliswa kwangaphandle kwangaphandle: ukukhuthaza ukwenziwa kwemithambo yegazi emitsha yokugqitha ngokwemithambo evaliweyo kwinkqubo engenabungozi

Ithini imbonakalo yeCAD?

Umbono womntu wonke we-CAD uhlukile. Unamathuba angcono okuthintela umonakalo omkhulu entliziyweni yakho kwangoko ungaqala unyango okanye ukumilisela utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo.

Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho. Thatha amayeza njengoko uyalelwe kwaye wenze utshintsho olucetyiswayo kwindlela ophila ngayo. Ukuba unomngcipheko ophezulu we-CAD, unokunceda ukukhusela isifo ngokunciphisa izinto ezinobungozi.